Cardiovascular System

Question 1

functions of the heart

Answer 1

Generating blood pressure
Routing blood
Ensure one way blood flow
Regulating blood flow

Question 2

it is shape like a blunt cone

Answer 2

Heart

Question 3

the heart becomes _____ in physically active adults

Answer 3

Larger

Question 4

generally decreases in size after approximately age _____ especially in people who are not physically active

Answer 4

65

Question 5

what cavity surrounds the heart

Answer 5

Pericardial cavity

Question 6

pericardial cavity is formed by the

Answer 6

Pericardium or pericardial sac

Question 7

what are the 2 layers of the pericardium

Answer 7

Fibrous pericardium
Serous pericardium

Question 8

serous pericardium is composed of -
fibrous pericardium is composed of -

Answer 8

Flat apithelium cells with a thin layer of CT
Fibrous CTT

Question 9

serous pericardium is composed of 2 parts

Answer 9

Visceral pericardium
Parietal pericardium

Question 10

it covers the heart surface

Answer 10

Visceral pericardium

Question 11

serous pericardium produces

Answer 11

Pericardial fluid

Question 12

pericardial fluid helps reduce ______

Answer 12

Friction

Question 13

visceral pericardium is also called

Answer 13

Epicardium

Question 14

identify the pathophysiology:
inflammation of the serous pericardium which can result from infection, diseases of connective tissue, or damage due to radiation treatment for cancer

Answer 14

Pericarditis

Question 15

identify the pathophysiology:
fatal condition in which fluid or blood accumulates in the pericardial cavity and compresses the heart from the outside

Answer 15

Cardiac tamponade

Question 16

it is located at the base of the heart

Answer 16

Left and right atrium

Question 17

it is extend from the base of the heart toward the apex

Answer 17

Left and right ventricle

Question 18

it extends around the heart; separates the atria from the ventricles

Answer 18

Coronary sulcus

Question 19

identify the heart chambers:
function as a primarily reservoir

Answer 19

Right and left atrium

Question 20

identify the heart chambers:
major pumping chambers

Answer 20

Left and right ventricles

Question 21

right atrium receives blood from 3 major openings:

Answer 21

Superior vena cava
Inferior vena cava
Coronary sinus

Question 22

Right and left atrium is separated from each other by

Answer 22

Interatrial septum

Question 23

right and left atrium is separated from each other by

Answer 23

interventricular septum

Question 24

which ventricle of the heart is thicker

Answer 24

left ventricle

Question 25

2 types of heart valves

Answer 25

atrioventricular valve semilunar valve

Question 26

what are the 2 atrioventricular valves - 2 semilunar valves -

Answer 26

tricuspid valve and bicuspid valve (mitral valve) pulmonary semilunar valve and aortic semilunar valve

Question 27

it is cone- shaped, muscular pillars inside the ventricles

Answer 27

papillary muscles

Question 28

papillary muscles is attached by thin, strong CT strings called

Answer 28

chordae tendineae

Question 29

the right and left artery supply blood to the ______

Answer 29

wall of the heart

Question 30

it supplies blood to wall of the heart

Answer 30

coronary arteries

Question 31

which layer of tissues of the heart is responsible for the contractions of the heart chambers

Answer 31

myocardium

Question 32

which layer of tissues of the heart, allows blood to move easily through the heart

Answer 32

endocardium

Question 33

pathophysiology: it is the region of dead heart tissues caused by a clot

Answer 33

myocardial infarction

Question 34

pathophysiology: it thickens the walls of arteries and that contains deposits that are high in cholesterol and other lipids

Answer 34

arteriosclerotic plaque

Question 35

what are the 2 classes of blood vessels

Answer 35

pulmonary vessels systematic vessels

Question 36

identify the class of blood vessels: transport blood from the right ventricle of the heart through the lungs and back to the left atrium

Answer 36

pulmonary vessels

Question 37

identify the class of blood vessels: transport blood from the left ventricle of the heart through all parts of the body and back to the right atrium

Answer 37

systematic vessels

Question 38

do arteries carry oxygenated or deoxygenated blood away from the heart

Answer 38

oxygenated blood

Question 39

it is where where the exchange of substances such as O2, nutrients, CO2, and other waste products occurs between the blood and the tissue fluid

Answer 39

capillaries

Question 40

do veins carry oxygenated or deoxygenated blood toward the heart

Answer 40

deoxygenated blood

Question 41

this result when the veins of the lower limbs become so dilated that the cusps of the valves no longer overlap to prevent the backflow of blood.

Answer 41

varicose veins

Question 42

this vein is usually used as a site for drawing blood

Answer 42

median cubital vein

Question 43

what are the 3 superficial veins

Answer 43

median cubital vein basilic vein cephalic vein