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2023 SEM 1 ANAPHY (LEC) > Cell Anatomy > Flashcards

Cell Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

it is the basic unit of living organism

A

cells

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2
Q

the smallest unit of life

A

cells

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3
Q

cells function

A

receiving information
manufacture
packaging
shipping

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4
Q

DNA

A

deoxyribonucleic acid

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5
Q

it is the “command center”

A

nucleus

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6
Q

nucleus contains

A

blueprint in the form of DNA

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7
Q

function of smooth endoplasmic reticulum

A

produce and process fats and hormones

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8
Q

what helps separate the DNA during cell division

A

Centrosomes

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9
Q

vesicles transport materials from ______to _____ and vice versa

A

cell membrane to interior

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10
Q

it is the “cell clean up crew”

A

lysosomes

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11
Q

function of lysosomes

A

get rid of unwanted molecules

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12
Q

it is filled with microtubules

A

cytoplasm

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13
Q

it is the major component of the cytoskeleton

A

microtubules

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14
Q

it is where chemical energy is generated

A

mitochondria

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15
Q

it makes proteins

A

ribosomes

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16
Q

what are the 2 basic type of cells

A

prokaryotes
eukaryotes

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17
Q

identify the basic type of cells:
unicellular

A

prokaryotes

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18
Q

identify the basic type of cells:
multicellular

A

eukaryotes

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19
Q

examples of prokaryotes

A

blue green algae
bacteria

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20
Q

prokaryotes has the absence of _____ and ______

A

Nuclear membrane (aka nuclear envelope)
nucleus

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21
Q

eukaryotes’ cell membrane is made up of 2 layers of ______

A

phosophlipid (bilayer)

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22
Q

true or false
eukaryotes has many proteins

A

true

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23
Q

what are the functions of eukaryotes (SSEEC)

A

Selective permeability
Storage, transport and secretion
Endocytosis
Exocytosis
Compartmentalisation

24
Q

types of endocytosis of eukaryotes

A

phagocytosis
pinocytosis
receptor mediated endocytosis

25
Q

it engulfs extracellular substances

A

endocytosis

26
Q

it removes substances from the cell

A

exocytosis

27
Q

what are the 3 components of the eukaryotes

A

nucleus
cell membrane
cytoplasm

28
Q

it is like a gel like substance in the eukaryotes

A

cytoplasm

29
Q

eukaryotes consists of _______ water and usually _____

A

70%-90%
colourless

30
Q

nucleus in the eukaryotes contain

A

nucleolus

31
Q

it is a coiled DNA that bound to basic proteins

A

chromatin

32
Q

it is an inactivated X-chromosomes in the nucleic of female cells

A

barrbody

33
Q

what are the 2 types of chromatin

A

euchromatin
heterochromatin

34
Q

which chromatin is
dispersed -
condensed -

A

dispersed - euchromatin
condensed - heterochromatin

35
Q

euchromatin is
packed -
stain -

A

packed - loosely
stain - light

36
Q

heterochromatin is
packed -
stain -

A

packed - tightly
stain - dark

37
Q

where can nucleolus be found

A

nucleus

38
Q

nucleolus is the site for ….

A

ribosomal RNA synthesis

39
Q

nucleolus is composed of ______, _____ and _____

A

granules, fibrils, chromatin

40
Q

it provides structural support for chromatin

A

nucleoplasm

41
Q

it regulates what enters and leaves the nucleus

A

nuclear pores

42
Q

true or false
nuclear envelope is a single membrane

A

false - double membrane

43
Q

what are the 2 types of nuclear envelope

A

outer membrane
inner membrane

44
Q

what are the 3 groups of structure

A

Organelle
Cytoplasmic inclusion
cytoskeleton

45
Q

what are the 2 types of organelles

A

membrane bound
non membrane bound

46
Q

examples of membrane bound and non membrane bound organelle

A

membrane bound- nucleus, SER, RER, mitochondria, Golgi A, chloroplast, lysosomes, secretory vesicles, vacuole
non membrane bound- ribosomes, microfilaments, microtubules

47
Q

it is a non-living substances that are not able to carry out any metabolic activity and are not bound by membranes

A

Cytoplasmic inclusion

48
Q

true or false
cytoplasmic inclusion serve mainly as storage compartments. they store the end products of the biochemical reactions that occur in cell organelles and are described as cellular fuels

A

True

49
Q

cytoskeleton provides ______ for maintenance of cell shape

A

Structural stability

50
Q

types of endoplasmic reticulum

A

Smooth ER
Rough ER

51
Q

it is the continuous of RER

A

smooth ER

52
Q

SER synthesis -
RER synthesis -

A

SER synthesis - lipids
RER synthesis - proteins

53
Q

which endoplasmic reticulum where ribosomes are attached

A

Rough ER

54
Q

true or false
proteins are modified as they move through the SER

A

False - as they move through RER

55
Q

what is the function of smooth endoplasmic reticulum in the
muscle cells -
liver cells -

A

muscle cells - control of muscle contractions
liver cells - detoxify meds and alcohol

2023 SEM 1 ANAPHY (LEC) (15 decks)

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