Cartilage

Question 1

what are the connective tissues divided into

Answer 1

embryonic, soft, hard, and special connective tissue

Question 2

what is type I

Answer 2

most abundant widely distributed

Question 3

what is type II

Answer 3

hyaline and elastic cartilage

Question 4

what is type III

Answer 4

recticual fibres

Question 5

what is type IV

Answer 5

found in the basal lamina (does not form fibrils)

Question 6

what is the composition connective tissue

Answer 6

semi rigid connective tissue
cartilage is avascular

Question 7

how does cartilage get its nutrients

Answer 7

blood vessels surrounding connective tissue by diffusion through ECM

Question 8

what does the cartilage lack

Answer 8

lacks lymphatic vessels and nerves

Question 9

what are chondrocytes apart of

Answer 9

cells of cartilage

Question 10

how is the extracellular cartilage shaped

Answer 10

amorphous (defined shapes)

Question 11

what is type II fibres responsible for

Answer 11

provide mechanical stabillity

Question 12

what allows deformation by compressive pressures

Answer 12

GAG’s and proteoglycans which attract water

Question 13

what does chondroblats synthesize

Answer 13

ground substance and fibrous extracellular material

Question 14

what does cartilage formation start with what

Answer 14

embryonic staellate mesenchymal cells

Question 15

what does mesenchymal dfferentatie into

Answer 15

chondroblasts

Question 16

what does multiplcation of chondroblasts forms

Answer 16

clusters 4 to 6 cells

Question 17

what condroblasts mature into what

Answer 17

chondrocytes

Question 18

what does chondrocytes maintian what

Answer 18

cartilage matrix

Question 19

what are the stages of cartilage growth and where does it happen

Answer 19

appositional growth - at the edge
intersitial growth - within the matric

Question 20

what does the perichondrium form

Answer 20

chondrogenic cells

Question 21

what does chondorgenic cells differeinate into

Answer 21

chondroblasts

Question 22

what do chondroblasts deposit

Answer 22

layers of the matrix at the periphery of the cartilage

Question 23

what does the later stages of cartilage development

Answer 23

increases the thickness by appoisitonal growht

Question 24

what does the intersitial growth

Answer 24

by the mitosis of chondrcytes

Question 25

what does chondrotes divide and secrete in intersitial growth

Answer 25

matrix components and then move apart and become isolated in their individual lacunae

Question 26

what time does intersitial growth ocucr

Answer 26

ealry phases of cartialg formation

Question 27

how does cartilage repair if small injury

Answer 27

be repaired by activity of chondrogenic cells of perichondrium these cells differentiate into chondroblasts migrate to the injured area and repair the defect by producing new cartilage matrix

Question 28

how does cartilage repair if large

Answer 28

perichondrial cells cannot repair instead perichondrial fibroblasts produce a scar of dense connective tissue that fills the defect in the cartilage

Question 29

type of collagen fibres for hyaline

Answer 29

type II fibres

Question 30

type of collagen fibres for fibrocartialge

Answer 30

type I + II Fibres

Question 31

type of collagen fibres for elastic cartialge

Answer 31

type II fibres and elastic fibres

Question 32

which type of cells have a perichondrium

Answer 32

Hyaline - expect articualr cartilage and epiphyseal plates Elastic - Does

Question 33

What are the main cells of hyaline cartilage

Answer 33

chondroblasts and chondrocytes

Question 34

what is the main cells for elastic

Answer 34

chondroblasts and chondrocytes

Question 35

what is the main cells for fibrocartialge

Answer 35

chondrocytes and fibroblasts

Question 36

type of fibres in ECM for hyaline

Answer 36

Type II collagen

Question 37

type of fibres in ECM for elastic

Answer 37

Type II collagen and Elastic fibres

Question 38

type of fibres in ECM for firbocartialge

Answer 38

Type I and Type II collagen

Question 39

What cartilages undergoes calcification

Answer 39

Hyaline - during endochronral bone formation (old age) Fibrocartilage - during bone repair

Question 40

Function of hyaline cartilage

Answer 40

resists compression provides low friction surface for joints strutucal support in respiratory foundation for development of foetal skeleton

Question 41

functions for elastic cartilage

Answer 41

provides flexible support for soft tissue

Question 42

function fibrocartialge

Answer 42

resists deformation under stress

Question 43

where is hyaline found

Answer 43

trachea and bonrchi articulating , coastal and nasal cartilage circoid thyroid and arytenoid cartilages of larynx

Question 44

where is elastic found

Answer 44

pinna of the ear, epiglottis and autiodry tube

Question 45

where is fibrocartilage found

Answer 45

intervertebral disc , pubic symphysis, intra articular disc of the sternoclvaicular joint and intra particular disc of the tmd joint