Category D: Anatomy continued

Question 1

What is the term for the hoof and all of its contents?

Answer 1

The foot

Question 2

Describe the jaw movement of a horse that is chewing.

Answer 2

Jaws go up and down, and side to side

Question 3

Most of the weight of the horse is supported on what portion of the hoof?

Answer 3

The hoof wall.

Question 4

In what age group is hoof growth the greatest?

Answer 4

Foals.

Question 5

Name the 2 types of vision possessed by the horse?

Answer 5

Monocular & binocular

Question 6

When do teeth stop growing?

Answer 6

In the early 20’s

Question 7

Which side of the heart pumps oxygenated blood throughout the body?

Answer 7

Left atrium and left ventricle

Question 8

Which side of the heart pumps blood to the lungs?

Answer 8

The right atrium and the right ventricle

Question 9

Which body system functions to exchange oxygen & carbon dioxide between the animals and the environment?

Answer 9

The respiratory system

Question 10

What is the sight of the majority of nutrient absorption

?

Answer 10

Small intestines

Question 11

In a 24 hour period an adult horse will produce how many pounds of feces?

Answer 11

28-50 lbs.

Question 12

What is the main function of platelets in blood?

Answer 12

Help with blood clotting process

Question 13

The product of tidal volume & respiratory frequency is called what?

Answer 13

Minute volume

Question 14

What are the 3 main components of the cardiovascular system?

Answer 14

Blood, blood vessels, heart

Question 15

The heart can be divided into the inot right & left halves, each consisting of 2 chambers called what?

Answer 15

Atrium and ventricle

Question 16

Name the accessory organs that help aid in digestion.

Answer 16

Teeth, salivary glands, liver, & pancreas

Question 17

What part of the respiratory system is the functional units of the lungs where gas exchange actually occurs?

Answer 17

Alveoli

Question 18

The amount of air inspired or expired during normal breathing is called what?

Answer 18

Tidal volume

Question 19

The number of breaths taken per minute is usually called the respiratory rate or what else?

Answer 19

Respiratory frequency

Question 20

Horses use monocular and binocular vision, which one is generally better developed?

Answer 20

Monocular

Question 21

Approximately how many quarts of urine does a horse produce per day?

Answer 21

4-7

Question 22

What is the term for the total amount of air inspired or expired in a minute?

Answer 22

Minute volume

Question 23

What is the main psychological function of white blood cells?

Answer 23

Help immune system by defending against foreign cells such as bacteria

Question 24

What are the 3 main types of muscle fibers?

Answer 24

Type 1, 2A, 2B

Question 25

What triggers the horse to grow a winter coat?

Answer 25

Shorter days

Question 26

What is the main psychological function of red blood cells?

Answer 26

Transport oxygen in the blood to the cells

Question 27

What percent of the hoof wall is water?

Answer 27

25%

Question 28

What is the cellular elements of blood that are suspended in a liquid?

Answer 28

Plasma

Question 29

What is composed of red blood cells, white blood cells & platelets?

Answer 29

Blood

Question 30

What are the main vessels used to Cary blood from the heart?

Answer 30

Arteries

Question 31

The angle of the shoulder & the pastern & the elasticity of the suspensory & sesamoid ligament & movement of the hoof wall all help absorb what?

Answer 31

Concussion

Question 32

What is the main supply to the digestive tract?

Answer 32

Anterior mesenteric artery

Question 33

Which body system would contain these: leydig cells, serology cells & androgen binding protein?

Answer 33

Endocrine or reproductive systems

Question 34

What is the basic contractile unit of skeletal muscle?

Answer 34

Sarcomere

Question 35

About 65% of the digestive capacity is where?

Answer 35

Cecum and large colon( lower gut)

Question 36

What term describes the study of hormones & their effects?

Answer 36

Endocrinology

Question 37

What percent of the frog is water?

Answer 37

50%

Question 38

What is produced by the brains pineal gland in response to light?

Answer 38

Melatonin

Question 39

What is the minute volume in relation to the respiratory system?

Answer 39

Total amount of air expired in 1 minute

Question 40

What part of the hoof correspondent to the human cuticle?

Answer 40

Periople

Question 41

What percent of the sole of the hoof is water?

Answer 41

33%

Question 42

What is the capacity of the cecum?

Answer 42

8 gallons( or 28-32 quarts)

Question 43

What is the j-shaped sack that holds 2-4 gallons of digesta?

Answer 43

Stomach

Question 44

What scientific term describes the mechanically breaking down of feed into smaller particle So?

Answer 44

Mastication

Question 45

Which stomach enzyme helps digest fat?

Answer 45

Gastric lipase

Question 46

What is the term for the wavelike contractions in the digestive system?

Answer 46

Peristalsis

Question 47

Which teeth are used mainly for chewing and not for biting grasses?

Answer 47

Molars

Question 48

Which part of the digestive tract has the largest capacity?

Answer 48

Large colon

Question 49

What are the finger like projections that line the small intestine & improve absorption of nutrients?

Answer 49

Villi

Question 50

How much manure is produced each day by a 1000 lb. horse?

Answer 50

40-50 lbs.

Question 51

What premises with the stomach digesta & breaks down food prior to pepsin & gastric lipase begin their work?

Answer 51

Hydrochloric acid

Question 52

What part of the large intestine is a common site of impactions especially if the horse has not had enough to drink?

Answer 52

Pelvic flexure

Question 53

Which stomach enzyme helps to digest protein?

Answer 53

Pepsin

Question 54

What part of the digestive tract is a blind gut because digesta passes in and out practically the same opening?

Answer 54

Cecum

Question 55

What is the length of the esophagus?

Answer 55

4-5 feet

Question 56

Which salivary gland is under the tongue?

Answer 56

Sublingual

Question 57

What is the muscular passage, approximately 6 inches long where both food and air cross?

Answer 57

Pharynx

Question 58

Which teeth are mainly used for biting grasses instead of chewing?

Answer 58

Incisors

Question 59

I what part of the digestive tract is the most water absorbed, along with water soluble vitamins & minerals?

Answer 59

Cecum

Question 60

What is the primary function of the small colon?

Answer 60

Formation of fecal balls

Question 61

What is the approximate length of the digestive tract?

Answer 61

100 ft.

Question 62

Emptying the stomach is a continuous process during digestion, how long must food be withheld to completely empty the horses stomach?

Answer 62

24 hours

Question 63

Which part of the large intestine is comma shaped, approximately 4 feet in length & has a capacity of about 8 gallons?

Answer 63

Cecum