Category K

Question 1

What is the scientific name for the 3 most common types of bot flies?

Answer 1

Gasterophilus intestinalis, Gasterophilus nasanalis, Gasterophilus hemorrhoidalis

Question 2

Name 3 symptoms of an ascarid infestation

Answer 2

unthriftiness, pot belly, rough coat, lack of growth, cough, lack of response to antibiotics

Question 3

Name 4 general, non-manmade, environmental factors that will reduce parasites

Answer 3

climate, seasons of the year, humidity, rainfall, age of horse, concentration of horses on land

Question 4

What term describes the throwing of the front feet outward as they are picked up and is most commonly in toe narrow or pigeon toed horses?

Answer 4

paddling

Question 5

What term describes the physical appearance of the horse, due to the arrangement of muscle, bone and body tissue?

Answer 5

conformation

Question 6

What term describes the withers, back, loin and croup?

Answer 6

top line

Question 7

Which gait used while trail riding is the most tiring on the horse?

Answer 7

canter or lope

Question 8

What is a soft, slow trot without as much speed, suspension, or bounce as a regular trot and is usually performed when riding western?

Answer 8

jog

Question 9

What is the slow, relaxed gait this is slower than the gallop but faster than the jog when riding western?

Answer 9

lope

Question 10

What is a defect that hurts the horse’s appearance but doesn’t hurt his working ability such as a scar?

Answer 10

blemish

Question 11

A horse that toes in on the front legs will usually have what type of action defect?

Answer 11

wings out or paddles

Question 12

Name the gait that has a speed of about 8-10 mph and 3 beats with a suspension

Answer 12

canter or lope

Question 13

A horse that stands crooked will move how?

Answer 13

moves crooked

Question 14

Which gait is known as the foundation gait?

Answer 14

walk

Question 15

A horse with too much angle at the hock with the feet set too far under the body when looked at from the side has what conformation problem?

Answer 15

sickle hocked

Question 16

A horse with too little angle to the hock causing the hind legs to appear too straight when looking at them from the side has what problem?

Answer 16

post legged

Question 17

What is the term that describes eyes that are too small and look like a hog’s eyes?

Answer 17

pig eyed

Question 18

What term describes a horse whose front toes inward?

Answer 18

pigeon toed

Question 19

What term describes a horse whose front toes turn outward?

Answer 19

splay footed

Question 20

what term describes a problem seen when a horse limbs on the sore foot when moving or favors the sore foot when standing?

Answer 20

lameness

Question 21

What action defect is caused by the striking of the forefoot with the toe of the hindfoot commonly heard as a clicking noise when the horse does a fast trot?

Answer 21

forging

Question 22

How long is the usual time limit for giving a set of oral reasons in a judging class?

Answer 22

2 minutes

Question 23

How many horses are usually in each class at a 4-H judging contest?

Answer 23

4

Question 24

What term describes the faster form of the gallop?

Answer 24

run

Question 25

Which gait is sometimes called the foundation gait because they are often asked to switch into many other gaits from this gait?

Answer 25

walk

Question 26

How many beats does the walk have?

Answer 26

four

Question 27

what is a rapid 2 beat diagonal gait that is similar to the western jog only faster?

Answer 27

trot

Question 28

What are you looking for while riding your horse at a canter or lope when you look over the horse's shoulder to see which front leg is reaching the farthest forward?

Answer 28

checking for correct leads

Question 29

what is the term for the slow smooth ground covering trot done in the western pleasure class?

Answer 29

jog

Question 30

How many beat does the canter have?

Answer 30

three

Question 31

How many beat does the trot have?

Answer 31

two

Question 32

What is the medium fast collected canter done in western pleasure class?

Answer 32

lope

Question 33

How many beats done the gallop have?

Answer 33

four

Question 34

What is a horse under 14.2 hands usually called?

Answer 34

pony

Question 35

What is the upper curved part of the neck called?

Answer 35

crest

Question 36

Name the 4 parts of the horse that are included in the topline

Answer 36

withers, back, loin (coupling), croup

Question 37

what condition has too much angle in the hock joint?

Answer 37

sickle hocks

Question 38

what is the term for the physical appearance of an animal due to the arrangement of muscle, bone and often body tissues?

Answer 38

conformation

Question 39

What term describes a horse whose front toes point outward?

Answer 39

splayfooted

Question 40

In reference to the way of going, winging occurs in horses with what conformation defect?

Answer 40

base wide or toed out feet

Question 41

What is the term used to indicate that a horse may have a structural problem or deviation which may have a limited affect on horse's ability to perform?

Answer 41

serviceably sound

Question 42

What term describes heavy contact with the ground instead of the desirable light, springy strides?

Answer 42

pounding

Question 43

What term describes when the front foot and opposite hind foot take off and stop at the same time with the legs moving in diagonal pairs?

Answer 43

diagonal gait

Question 44

What term describes when the front and hind feet on the same side of the horse start and stop at the same time?

Answer 44

lateral gait

Question 45

A base narrow horse is predisposed to landing on the outside of its hoof walls, thus may have a tendency to develop which two conditions?

Answer 45

ringbone, sidebone and heel brusing

Question 46

Base wide horses are predisposed to what?

Answer 46

ringbone and navicular disease

Question 47

What is the ideal slope of the horses shoulder?

Answer 47

45-50 degrees

Question 48

What term refers to a horse that stands closer at the ground than at the origin of the legs in the chest?

Answer 48

base narrow

Question 49

What term is used to indicate that a horse may have a structural problem or deviation which may have only a limited affect on the horse's ability to perform?

Answer 49

serviceably sound

Question 50

What area of the hoof carries more weight on a horse that is base wide?

Answer 50

inside of the hoof

Question 51

What term describes when the horses front feet are wider at the ground than at their origin at the chest?

Answer 51

base wide

Question 52

What 2 factors will a judge use to evaluate the barrel of a horse?

Answer 52

spring of the ribs and depth of heartgirth

Question 53

Which sex of horse would have a more prominent jaw and more heavily muscled body?

Answer 53

males

Question 54

In what three areas are muscling most likely to be developed in heavily muscled horses?

Answer 54

forearm ,gaskin, rear quarters

Question 55

In a balanced horse, the legs and heart girth are approximately the same length. How does straight shoulders change this?

Answer 55

Straight shoulders cause the legs to be longer than the heart girth

Question 56

What term refers to a pastern that has too much slope?

Answer 56

coon footed

Question 57

Ideally where should the horse's eyes be positioned when viewed from the front?

Answer 57

about 1/3 of the distance from the poll to its muzzle

Question 58

Balance is the single most important characteristic in equine selection because it forms the basics for movement, length of stride and ultimately performance. Balanced is determined by what physical structure?

Answer 58

skeletal structure

Question 59

What would be the ideal ratio of the top to bottom lines of the horses's neck?

Answer 59

2 to 1 with top longer

Question 60

What is another name for overshot muzzle?

Answer 60

parrot mouth

Question 61

Name 3 temperament characteristics associated with the size and appearance of the eyes

Answer 61

Large quiet soft eyes indicate quiet docile disposition, Pig eyes indicate lazy and difficult to train. Excessive white around eye indicates nervous and flighty

Question 62

Describe the 4 basic steps used in a systematic approach to horse judging

Answer 62

tracking the horse, profile view from the side and at a distance, close inspection from the front and rear

Question 63

Regardless of the breed, the hind quarters should appear to be what shape when viewed from the side?

Answer 63

sqaure

Question 64

What term describes a horse whose forelimb is to far under the body?

Answer 64

Camped under

Question 65

What is the bony enlargement surrounding the bones of the pastern?

Answer 65

Ringbone

Question 66

What is it called when a horse toes in behind & and are 'out at the hocks'?

Answer 66

Bowlegged

Question 67

What is it called when the hocks are to far apart, are generally predisposed to being base narrow & can toe in on the rear hooves?

Answer 67

Bow legged

Question 68

Name the specific part of the horse's back or top line that must be welled muscled, short & strong, in order to to transmit the forward power generated in the hind quarters.

Answer 68

Loin(coupling)

Question 69

Sickle hocks predispose a horse to what condition?

Answer 69

Curbs

Question 70

What is the term for a horse's knees that are behind vertical when viewed by the side?

Answer 70

Calf kneed

Question 71

what term refers to when the horse's leg stands under his hip from the hocks down due to excessive angulation in the hock when viewed from the side?

Answer 71

Sickle hocked

Question 72

What is the term for a horse's knees that are in front of vertical when viewed from the side?

Answer 72

Buck kneed

Question 73

What the speed for the running walk gate of the Tennessee Walking horse?

Answer 73

8-10 miles per hour

Question 74

Horses that are bowed in at the hocks & cannon bones instead of being parallel are called what?

Answer 74

Cow hocked

Question 75

Which structural deviation of the knees when viewed from the side is extremely serious & many horses with this condition will not stay sound.

Answer 75

Calf kneed (back at the knee)

Question 76

What condition has the entire knee set to the inside of a strait line from the chest to the toe?

Answer 76

Knock kneed or closed kneed

Question 77

Which area of the hoof carries more weight if a horse has knocked knees?

Answer 77

Inside of the hoof

Question 78

Bowlegged horses will cause increased weight to be carried where on the hoof wall?

Answer 78

To the outside

Question 79

What term describes the use of painful methods & devices to enhance the horse's gait in the show ring?

Answer 79

Soring

Question 80

When selecting a horse, what is the most important confirmation characteristics of any breed?

Answer 80

Balance