Cell Division – Lecture 2

Question 1

cells are the basic unit of life:

what type of organisms are unicellular?

Answer 1

bacteria

Question 2

cells are the basic unit of life:

what type of organisms are multicellular?

Answer 2

plants

animals

Question 3

cells are the basic unit of life:

what type of organisms are unicellular or multicellular?

Answer 3

protists

fungi

Question 4

cells are the basic unit of life:

cells have to ___

Answer 4

divide

Question 5

cells are the basic unit of life:

___ have to divide

Answer 5

cells

Question 6

what can happen if cell division is uncontrolled?

Answer 6

cancer

Question 7

understanding the cell cycle is key to fighting ___

Answer 7

cancer

Question 8

understanding the ___ is key to fighting cancer

Answer 8

cell cycle

Question 9

studying the cell cycle also helps us understand:

Answer 9

infection
bacteria
fungi
parasites

development of zygote (1 cell) –> adult (10’s of trillions of cells)

Question 10

cell division:

cell division is a key element of life that’s important for:

Answer 10

reproduction
growth
wound healing
replacing cells that die or are lost

Question 11

cell division:

cell division requires 3 things:

Answer 11

1) replication of genetic material
2) segregation of genetic material
3) division of cytoplasm b/n 2 cells

Question 12

cell division:

cell division needs to be controlled and responsive to ___

Answer 12

environmental conditions

Question 13

cell division:

cell division needs to be ___ and responsive to environmental conditions

Answer 13

controlled

Question 14

cell division:

cell division needs to be controlled and ___ to environmental conditions

Answer 14

responsive

Question 15

cell division:

___ needs to be controlled and responsive to environmental conditions

Answer 15

cell division

Question 16

contrasting prokaryote and eukaryotes cell division:

prokaryotes (type of organism)

Answer 16

bacteria

Question 17

contrasting prokaryote and eukaryotes cell division:

prokaryote (characteristics)

Answer 17

small cell size
no nucleus
no membrane-bound organelles
circular chromosomes

Question 18

contrasting prokaryote and eukaryotes cell division:

eukaryotes (type of organism)

Answer 18

plants
animals
protists
fungi

Question 19

contrasting prokaryote and eukaryotes cell division:

eukaryotes (characteristics)

Answer 19

large cell size
nucleus present
membrane-bound organelles present
linear chromosomes

Question 20

binary fission:

prokaryotes divide by ___

Answer 20

binary fission

Question 21

binary fission:

___ divide by binary fission

Answer 21

prokaryotes

Question 22

binary fission:

binary fission is a form of ___

Answer 22

aesexual reproduction

Question 23

binary fission:

___ is a form of aesexual reproduction

Answer 23

binary fission

Question 24

binary fission:

in binary fission, 1 cell divides into ___

Answer 24

2 cells (clones)

Question 25

binary fission: in binary fission, ___ divides into 2 cells (clones)

Answer 25

1 cell

Question 26

binary fission: in ___, 1 cell divides into 2 cells (clones)

Answer 26

binary fission

Question 27

binary fission: ___ requires duplication and segregation of genetic material and division of the cytoplasm

Answer 27

binary fission

Question 28

binary fission: binary fission requires ___ and segregation of genetic material and division of the cytoplasm

Answer 28

duplication

Question 29

binary fission: binary fission requires duplication and ___ of genetic material and division of the cytoplasm

Answer 29

segregation

Question 30

binary fission: binary fission requires duplication and segregation of ___ and division of the cytoplasm

Answer 30

genetic material

Question 31

binary fission: binary fission requires duplication and segregation of genetic material and ___ of the cytoplasm

Answer 31

division

Question 32

binary fission: binary fission requires duplication and segregation of genetic material and division of the ___

Answer 32

cytoplasm

Question 33

binary fission: genetic material is contained in the ___

Answer 33

nucleoid

Question 34

binary fission: nucleoid (definition)

Answer 34

non-membrane bound region of compacted DNA (also contains proteins)

Question 35

binary fission: prokaryotes have less genetic material than ___

Answer 35

eukaryotes

Question 36

binary fission: ___ have less genetic material than eukaryotes

Answer 36

prokaryotes

Question 37

binary fission: prokaryotes have less ___ than eukaryotes

Answer 37

genetic material

Question 38

binary fission: prokaryotes have ___ genetic material than eukaryotes

Answer 38

less

Question 39

binary fission: usually, a single circular chromosome has around ___ million bp

Answer 39

4 million

Question 40

prokaryotic chromosome compaction: prokaryotic chromosomes are ___ than eukaryotic chromosomes. However, they are still large

Answer 40

smaller

Question 41

prokaryotic chromosome compaction: ___ must be compacted to take up at least 1000 times less space in the cell

Answer 41

chromosomes

Question 42

prokaryotic chromosome compaction: chromosomes must be compacted to take up at least ___ times less space in the cell

Answer 42

1000 times

Question 43

prokaryotic chromosome compaction: chromosomes must be compacted to take up at least 1000 times less space in the ___

Answer 43

cell

Question 44

prokaryotic chromosome compaction: the 1st level of DNA compaction: DNA is looped around ___ to form loop domains, which are further compacted into supercoils

Answer 44

SMC proteins

Question 45

prokaryotic chromosome compaction: the 1st level of DNA compaction: DNA is looped around SMC proteins to form ___, which are further compacted to form supercoils

Answer 45

loop domains

Question 46

prokaryotic chromosome compaction: the 1st level of DNA compaction: DNA is looped around SMC proteins to form loop domains, which are further compacted to form ___

Answer 46

supercoils

Question 47

prokaryotic chromosome compaction: the ___ of DNA compaction: DNA is looped around SMC proteins to form loop domains, which are further compacted to form supercoils

Answer 47

1st level of DNA compaction

Question 48

prokaryotic chromosome compaction: 1st level of DNA compaction: SMC proteins are ___

Answer 48

DNA binding proteins

Question 49

prokaryotic chromosome compaction: 1st level of DNA compaction: ___ are DNA binding proteins

Answer 49

SMC proteins

Question 50

binary fission: 3 things binary fission requires:

Answer 50

duplication of genetic material segregation of genetic material division of cytoplasm

Question 51

process of binary fission:

Answer 51

cell increases in size circular bacterial chromosome is replicated replication begins at the origin of replication and proceeds in both directions to the site of termination new chromosomes separated and segregated to opposite ends of the cell septation (dividing the cell in 2): FtsZ proteins form a ring around the middle of the cell called a Septum Septum beings to shrink and divide the cell septum divides cell completely into 2 daughter cells

Question 52

binary fission: septation (what is it)

Answer 52

part of binary fission dividing the cell in 2

Question 53

binary fission: cell increases in ___

Answer 53

size

Question 54

binary fission: circular bacterial chromosome is ___

Answer 54

replicated

Question 55

binary fission: replication begins at the ___ and proceeds in both directions to the ___

Answer 55

origin of replication site of termination

Question 56

binary fission: new chromosomes ___ and ___ to opposite ends of the cell

Answer 56

separated and segregated

Question 57

binary fission: ___ form a ring around the middle of the cell called a ___

Answer 57

FtsZ proteins form a ring around the middle of the cell called a Septum

Question 58

binary fission: ___ begins to shrink and divide the cell

Answer 58

Septum

Question 59

binary fission: septum divides the cell completely into 2 ___

Answer 59

daughter cells

Question 60

binary fission: ___ divides the cell completely into 2 daughter cells

Answer 60

septum