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Microbiology > Ch 01 The Microbial World > Flashcards

Ch 01 The Microbial World Flashcards

1
Q

When were the first microbes formed?

A

4.5 billion years ago

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2
Q

Define pathogenic

A

A term that describes viruses, bacteria, and other types of germs that can cause some kind of disease. The flu, various parasites, and athlete’s foot fungus are all considered to be pathogenic.

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3
Q

What products are from microorganisms?

A

Acetone Pickles Yogurt Cheese Bread Soy sauce Vitamin K Oxygen protection from other microbes

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4
Q

Name the microorganism types

A

Algae

Bacteria

Fungi

Protozoa

Vilrus

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5
Q

What is the name of the classification above Kingdom?

A

Domain

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6
Q

What are the three domains?

A

Archaea Bacteria Eukarya

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7
Q

Give examples of archaea, eubacteria, and eukarya

A

Archaea: prokarytic, no peptidoglycan on cell wall, halophiles and thermophiles

Eubacteria: prokarytic, rods, cocci, spiral, peptidoglycan on cell wall,

Eukarya: fungi, protozoa, uni/multicelluar, a/sexual, nucleus, organelles

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8
Q

What domain are algae in?

A

Eubacteria and eukarya

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9
Q

What domain are viruses in?

A

None as they may not be considered alive

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10
Q

What are characteristics of viruses?

A

Protein coat

Envelope

Nucleic acid

DNA/RNA

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11
Q

What domain are helminths are in?

A

Eukarya parasitic worms

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12
Q

What is a prion?

A

A small infectious agent thought to be the cause of encephalopathies.

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13
Q

What is Robert Hooke known for?

A

All living things are made of cells.

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14
Q

What is Anton van Leeuwenhoek know for?

A

First to observe microorganisms through the microscopes he built. Called them microorganisms animalcules.

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15
Q

What are the steps of the scientific method? Pretty Red Heads Eat Animal Crackers

A

Purpose Research Hypothesis Experiment Analysis Conclusion

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16
Q

What is Luis Pasteur known for?

A
  1. Microbes in the air can contaminate sterile solutions.
  2. S-curved tube allows air into sterile liquid and keeps out airborne microbes.
  3. Established a connection between spoilage and microbes.
  4. Why beer and wine sour.
17
Q

When is the Golden Age of microbiology? By which scientists?

A

1857-1914 Pasteur and Koch

18
Q

What is aseptic technique?

A

A method to prevent the introduction of microbes

19
Q

What is Florence Nightingale known for?

A

Founded modern nursing

20
Q

What is Heinrich Koch known for?

A
  1. The relationship between disease and microbes
  2. Koch’s Postulates - steps to relate a microbe to a disease
21
Q

What is Ingaz Semmelweis known for?

Hint: Nosocomial sourced

A

Stating that doctors pass infections from one patient to another

22
Q

What is Joseph Lister known for?

Hint: Listerine is named after Joseph Lister

A

Began treating wounds with phenol, a disinfectant

23
Q

What is John Snow known for?

A

Father of epidemiology

24
Q

What is Koch’s Postulates?

A

Steps that relate a specific microbe to a specific disease

25
Q

What does virulent mean? What does avirulent mean?

A

A disease that is severe. Not virulent.

26
Q

What does mycology mean?

A

The study of fungi.

27
Q

What were Hippocrates role in microbiology?

A

Father of medicine and first microbiologist

28
Q

What is the germ theory of disease?

A

Microbes invade an organism, causing disease

29
Q

What is the experiment to determine the origin of life?

A

A spark in a bottle of gasses caused amino acids to form

Miller experiement

30
Q

How are organisms named?

A

Using the Binomial Naming System, a two-name rule using the genus and species

31
Q

What is the difference between archaea and bacteria?

A
32
Q

What is the difference between bacterial and protista?

A
33
Q

What is the difference between fungi and algae?

A

Microbiology (23 decks)

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