ch 11

Question 1

nuclear exosome

Answer 1

group of proteins that will break apart RNA that need to get got

Question 2

cytoplasmic exosome

Answer 2

degraded after translation
after mRNA is done being translated and read this is done

Question 3

rapid degration is done by

Answer 3

nonsense mediated mRNA decay

Question 4

RNAi/ RNa interference

Answer 4

RNA is actively degraded, no translation

Question 5

introns

Answer 5

removed from RNA, may have another function

Question 6

exons

Answer 6

coding sequence for polypeptide, stuck together

Question 7

primary RNA transcript

Answer 7

initial RNA before cutting

Question 8

splice sites

Answer 8

where shit gets cuts, denotes the 5’ and 3’ sites
GU and AG

Question 9

5 major splicing mechanism

Answer 9

1/2. autocatalytic group I and II introns
3. tRNA introns
4. arhcela introns
5. spliceosomal introns

Question 10

splicosome

Answer 10

complex of riboprotiens that cut shit

Question 11

where do the three mRNA maturing processes take place

Answer 11

c terminal of rna poly

Question 12

what order does this shit occur in

Answer 12

1. 5’ cap
2. other shits

Question 13

5’ cap contains

Answer 13

7 methylated guanosine

Question 14

5’ cap function

Answer 14

1. protect mRNA (from splicosome)
2. facilitates loading onto small ribo subunit
3. facilitate splicing
4. 3’ end formation
5. nuclear export

Question 15

end sequence for poly tail to add

Answer 15

aauaaa, gu rich added by poly a polymerase (PAP)

Question 16

aauaaa recognized by

Answer 16

1. cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor
2. cleavage stimulation factor

Question 17

RNa poly is terminated in part by

Answer 17

Xrn2 exonuclease
it chases RNA poly II and chews its ass

Question 18

poly A tail is coated with

Answer 18

pabpn1 (binding protien), coated until it leaves

Question 19

what gives rise to oculopharyneal muscular dystrophy

Answer 19

mutations is PABP1 (binding protein on poly a tail)

Question 20

largest and most complex molecular machine

Answer 20

spliceosome

Question 21

snRNAs and SM common core proteins invloed in splicing

Answer 21

5 snRNP (snurps)

Question 22

snRNA names

Answer 22

U1-6, no 3 tho

Question 23

5’ end sequence

Answer 23

GU

Question 24

3’ end sequence

Answer 24

AG

Question 25

ESE or ESS can- the splicing that will occur

Answer 25

silence or enhance

Question 26

alternative splicing

Answer 26

changing exon arrangement, variety (skipping and stuff)

Question 27

why is ok to only have small number of genes

Answer 27

alternate splicing- makes splice variants

Question 28

CaMKII delta has many isoroms due to

Answer 28

alt splicing, diff cellular locations

Question 29

cis splicing

Answer 29

exon on same gene get spliced together

Question 30

trans splicing

Answer 30

exon on different genes get splicing together (intra genetic, inter genetic, exo, endo)

Question 31

exo and endo spicing take dna form

Answer 31

plasmids

Question 32

RNA editing (post trans)

Answer 32

changing nucleotides after transcriptions

Question 33

RNA editing examples

Answer 33

adenine to inosine
cytidine to uridine

Question 35

siRNA/ short interfering RNA

Answer 35

Silences same or similar locus from which they originate- from virus or eco genes

Question 36

miRNA

Answer 36

derived from unique genes that silence very diff genes

Question 37

dicer

Answer 37

processes dsRNA into shopt ds siRNA

Question 38

RISC

Answer 38

makes siRNA single stranded license thru RNA deflation or translation repression

Question 39

miRNA and siRNA difference

Answer 39

miRNA- encoded by organism
siRNA- external source

Question 40

what could silence dsRNA viruses

Answer 40

siRNA

Question 41

intron types

Answer 41

Autocatalytic Group I and Group II Introns,tRNA introns
* Archaeal introns
* Spliceosomal introns

Question 42

first transesterfication

Answer 42

The 2’-hydroxyl group of the branch point adenosine nucleotide attacks the 5’-splice site, forming a lariat structure

Question 43

second transesterfication

Answer 43

The 3’-hydroxyl group of the 5’-exon attacks the 3’-splice site, releasing the intron and joining the exons together.

Question 44

5’ cap added when

Answer 44

first

Question 45

CPSF

Answer 45

Cleavage behind the AAUAAA sequence is partly mediated b