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Med Term > Ch. 11-Respiratory System > Flashcards

Ch. 11-Respiratory System Flashcards

(128 cards)

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0
Q

anthrac/o

A

Coal

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1
Q

alveol/o

A

Small, hollow air sac

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2
Q

aspirat/o

A

To draw in

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3
Q

atel/o

A

Imperfect

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4
Q

bronch/o

A

Bronchus

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5
Q

bronchiol/o

A

Bronchiole

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6
Q

cheil/o

A

Lip

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7
Q

con/i

A

Dust

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8
Q

cyan/o

A

Dark blue

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9
Q

cyst/o

A

Sac

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10
Q

fibr/o

A

Fiber

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11
Q

halat/o

A

Breathe

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12
Q

hem/o

A

Blood

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13
Q

laryng/o

A

Larynx, voice box

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14
Q

lob/o

A

Lobe

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15
Q

mes/o

A

Middle

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16
Q

nas/o

A

Nose

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17
Q

olfact/o

A

Smell

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18
Q

or/o

A

Mouth

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19
Q

orth/o

A

Straight

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20
Q

ox/o

A

Oxygen

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21
Q

palat/o

A

Palate

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22
Q

pector/o

A

Breast, chest

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23
Q

pharyng/o

A

Pharynx, throat

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24
pleur/o
Pleura
25
pneum/o
Air
26
pneumon/o
Lung
27
py/o
Pus
28
respirat/o
Breathing
29
rhin/o
Nose
30
rhonch/o
Snore
31
sarc/o
Flesh
32
spir/o
Breath
33
theli/o
Nipple
34
thorac/o
Chest
35
tonsill/o
Tonsil, almond
36
trache/o
Trachea
37
tubercul/o
A little swelling
38
ventilat/o
To air
39
Respiratory system consists of:
Nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs
40
Respiratory system's primary function
Supply oxygen for tissues and take away carbon dioxide
41
Respiration
R | Consists of external and internal processes
42
External respiration
Lungs are ventilated and oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged between the air in the lungs and blood in the capillaries of the alveoli
43
Internal respiration
Oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged between blood in tissue capillaries and cells of the body
44
Nose
Serves as an air passageway that warms and moistens air, and its vi,ia help filter foreign material
45
Pharynx
Passageway for air and food, 5 inches long from base of skull to esophagus
46
Larynx
Produces vocal sounds; short tense cords make high sounds, long relaxed cords make low sounds; enlarged upper end of trachea
47
Bronchi
Provides passageway for air to and from lungs; divide into right and left bronchus
48
Lungs
Brings air into contact with blood so oxygen and carbon dioxide can be exchanged
49
Anterior nares
External entrance of nose | Nostrils
50
Four Paranasal Sinuses
Frontal, maxillary, ethmoidal, sphenoidal
51
Frontal sinuses
Located above eyebrows
52
Maxillary sinuses
Cheeks on either side of nose
53
Ethmoidal sinuses
Either side of bridge of nose close to the eyes
54
Sphenoidal sinuses
Behind ethmoid sinuses close to ears
55
3 Portions of Pharynx
Nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx
56
Nasopharynx
Located behind the nose (contains adenoids or pharyngeal tonsils)
57
Oropharynx
Located behind mouth (contains faucial or palatine tonsils and lingual tonsils)
58
Laryngopharynx
Located behind larynx
59
Tonsils
3 pairs of lymphoid tissues | Adenoids or pharyngeal tonsils, faucial or palatine tonsils, and lingual tonsils
60
Function of tonsils?
Filter bacteria from lymph in head and neck region
61
Cavity of larynx contains
Ventricular folds and vocal folds
62
Ventricular folds
False vocal cords
63
Vocal folds
True vocal cords
64
3 Regions of Larynx Cavity
Vestibule, ventricle, entrance to glottis
65
Glottis
Narrow slit at opening between true vocal cords
66
3 Unpaired Cartilages of Larynx
Thyroid, cricoid, epiglottis
67
3 Paired Cartilages of Larynx
Arytenoid, cuneiform, corniculate
68
Thyroid cartilage
Largest cartilage, forms Adam's apple
69
Epiglottis
Covers entrance of larynx, acts as a lid to prevent aspiration of food
70
Cricoid cartilage
Lowermost cartilage
71
Trachea
Air passageway from pharynx and larynx to bronchi; 1 in. wide and 4.5 in. long; reinforced in front and sides by cartilage rings
72
Bronchial tree
Smaller bronchi, bronchioles, alveolar ducts; ends in alveoli
73
Hilium
Depression on lung where bronchus enters
74
alveoli
Tiny air sacs supporting capillaries from pulmonary vessels
75
Lungs
Conical shaped spongy organs lying on both sides of the heart in the pleural cavity
76
Pleura
Serous membrane composed of several layers
77
Pleural cavity
Space between parietal and visceral pleura that contains serous fluid
78
Diaphragm
Musculomembranous wall that separates thoracic cavity from abdominal cavity
79
Mediastinum
Central portion of thoracic cavity between lungs that contains the heart and other structures
80
Base
Broad inferior surface of lung that rests on diaphragm
81
Apex
Pointed upper margin of lung
82
Lobes
Right lung has 3, left lung has 2
83
Cardiac depression
Indentation in left lung for placement of heart
84
Main function of lungs
Bring air into contact with blood so oxygen and carbon dioxide can be exchanged in alveoli
85
Tidal volume
TV | Amount of air in a single inspiration and expiration: avg 500 mL
86
Expiratory reserve volume
ERV | Amount of air that can be forcibly expired after normal respiration; aka supplemental air, 1000-1200 mL
87
Inspiration reserve volume
IRV | Amount of air that can be forcibly inspired after a normal inspiration, 3600 mL
88
Residual volume
RV | Amount of air remaining in lungs after max expiration, 1500 mL
89
Vital capacity
VC | Volume of air that can be exhaled after max inhalation
90
Functional residual capacity
Volume of air that stays in lungs after normal expiration
91
Total lung capacity
TLC | Max volume of air in lungs after max inspiration
92
Vital signs
Essential elements for determining state of health | Temperature, pulse, respiration, blood pressure
93
What regulates respiration?
Medulla oblongata and pons
94
Newborn respiratory rate
30-80 per min
95
1st year respiratory rate
20-40 per min
96
5th year respiratory rate
20-25 per min
97
15th year respiratory rate
15-20 per min
98
Adult respiratory rate
12-20 per min
99
Acid-fast bacilli
AFB | Test on sputum to detect tuberculosis
100
Antistreptolysin O
ASO | Test on blood serum to detect strep
101
Arterial blood gases
``` ABGs Measures acidity (pH) and levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide in blood ```
102
Bronchoscopy
Visual examination of larynx, trachea, and bronchi via bronchoscope
103
Culture, sputum
Examination of sputum to determine presence of pathogenic microorganisms
104
Culture, throat
Test that identifies presence of pathogenic microorganisms in the throat
105
Laryngoscopy
Visual examination of larynx via laryngoscope
106
Pulmonary function test
Series of tests performed to determine diffusion of oxygen carbon dioxide across cell membrane in lungs
107
Rhinoscopy
Visual examination of nasal passages
108
Asphyxia
Depletion of oxygen in blood and increase of carbon dioxide, artificial ventilation and oxygen should be administered asap a- lack of sphyx pulse -ia condition
109
Bronchiectasis
Chronic dilation of a bronchus of bronchi, with secondary infection in lung bronchi bronchus -ectasis dilation, expansion
110
Bronchiolitis
Inflammation of the bronchioles bronchiol bronchiole -itis inflammation
111
Bronchitis
Inflammation of the bronchi bronch bronchus -itis inflammation
112
Bronchoscope
Medical instrument used to visually examine the bronchi bronch/o bronchus -scope instrument for examining
113
Croup
Acute respiratory disease characterized by larynx obstruction, barking cough, hoarseness, wheezing
114
Dysphonia
Difficulty in speaking; hoarseness dys- difficulty phon voice -ia condition
115
Emphysema
Pulmonary disease in with alveolar walls are damaged or destroyed, making it hard to exhale air from lungs. Primarily caused by smoking, and in a group of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
116
Epistaxis
Nosebleed, usually results from traumatic or spontaneous rupture of blood vessels in mucous membranes epi- upon -staxis dripping
117
Hemoptysis
Spitting up blood hem/o blood -ptysis to spit
118
Hypoxia
Deficient amounts of oxygen in tissues hyp- below ox oxygen -ia condition
119
Olfaction
Process of smelling olfact smell -ion process
120
Pyothorax
Pus in chest cavity py/o pus thorax chest
121
Respiratory distress syndrome
RDS | Can occur in premature infant in which lungs are not matured enough to produce lecithin, resulting collapse of alveoli
122
Respiratory syncytial virus infection
Most common cause of bronchiolitis and pneumonia in infants, begins with a fever, runny nose, cough, and wheezing. Clears in 8-15 days
123
Rhinovirus
One of a subgroup of viruses that cause the common cold in humans rhin/o nose vir virus -us pertaining to
124
Spirometer
Medical instrument to measure lung volume during inhalation and exhalation spir/o breath -meter instrument to measure
125
Sputum
Substance coughed from lungs; can be watery, thick, purple to, clear, or bloody
126
Thoracoplasty
Surgical repair of the chest wall thorac/o chest -plasty surgical repair
127
Tracheostomy
New opening into the trachea trache/o trachea -stomy new opening

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