Ch. 4 Organic Compounds (test 2) Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Ch. 4 Organic Compounds (test 2) Deck (47)
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1
Q

How do condensed structural formula and skeletal structures differ from the electron dot and line-bond structures?

A

Condensed structural formula and skeletal structures are a type of shorthand that makes it easier to write out larger formula and structures without clutter.

2
Q

Intermolecular Forces (IMF) are interactions between ______.

A

Molecules

3
Q

Intermolecular Forces (IMF) do not involve the sharing of ________.

A

VE’s

4
Q

Nonpolar molecules or nonpolar parts of molecules are attracted to one another by ________.

A

London Forces

5
Q

_______is the result of the continuous motion of e’s w/in an atom or a compound.

A

London Forces

6
Q

A _____ London force exists between small molecules.

A

Weak

7
Q

A _____ London force exists between larger molecules.

A

Stronger

8
Q

What type of bonding is taking place?

A

Hydrogen Bonding

(N, O, F)

9
Q

What type of bonding is taking place?

A

Hydrogen Bonding

(N,O, F)

10
Q

What type of bonding is taking place?

A

London Forces

11
Q

What type of bonding is taking place?

A

Dipole-dipole

&

Hydrogen bonding

12
Q

Hydrocarbons

Alkanes:

Key features?

Saturated or Unsaturated?

Name?

A

Atoms joined by single bonds

Saturated

Propane

13
Q

Hydrocarbons

Alkenes:

Key features?

Saturated unsaturated?

Name?

A

At least one carbon to carbon double bond

Unsaturated

Propene

14
Q

Hydrocarbons

Alkynes:

Key features?

Saturated unsaturated?

Name?

A

At least one carbon to carbon triple bond

Unsaturated

Propyne

15
Q

Hydrocarbons

Aromatic Compounds:

Key features?

Saturated unsaturated?

Name?

A

Ring of alternating single and double bonds

Unsaturated

Benzene

16
Q

Hydrocarbons

Double bonds are Saturated or Unsaturated?

A

Unsaturated

17
Q

IUPAC Naming

Meth

A

of carbons: 1

18
Q

IUPAC Naming

Eth

A

of carbons: 2

19
Q

IUPAC Naming

Prop

A

of carbons: 3

20
Q

IUPAC Naming

But

A

of carbons: 4

21
Q

IUPAC Naming

Pent

A

of carbons: 5

22
Q

IUPAC Naming

Hex

A

of carbons: 6

23
Q

IUPAC Naming

Hept

A

of carbons: 7

24
Q

IUPAC Naming

Oct

A

of carbons: 8

25
Q

IUPAC Naming

Non

A

of carbons: 9

26
Q

IUPAC Naming

Dec

A

of carbons: 10

27
Q

IUPAC Naming

-**yl indicates what?

A

A branch.

28
Q

Alkanes contain only ________ covalent bonds, are _______ molecules, and are attracted to one another by London forces.

A

Nonpolar

Nonpolar

29
Q

A branch can only attach to middle carbons. Why?

A

If it attached on the end carbon it wouldn’t be a branch, it would be part of a chain of carbons.

30
Q

Alkanes are compounds with _____ bonds.

A

Single

31
Q

Constitutional isomers always have a different ______ from one another.

A

Name

32
Q

Naming constitutional isomers

A

Hexane

33
Q

Naming constitutional isomers

A

2-Methylpentane

34
Q

Naming constitutional isomers

A

3-Methylpentane

35
Q

Naming constitutional isomers

A

2,2- Dimethylbutane

36
Q

Naming constitutional isomers

A

2,3-Dimethylbutane

(no cis or trans because freedom of rotation)

37
Q

Cyclo- indicates what?

A

That the carbon chain is in a circle.

38
Q

______ and _____ cause restricted rotation.

A

Double bonds

Rings

39
Q

_________ allows for freedom of rotation.

A

Single Bonds

40
Q

Geometrical Isomers come in pairs, one is _____ and one is _____.

A

Cis

Trans

41
Q

Naming Geometric Isomerism-(Stereoisomers)

A

cis-2-Butane

42
Q

Which two hydrocarbons can exist as geometric isomers and why?

A

Alkenes and Aromatic compounds

They do not allow freedom of rotation and will allow for geometric isomers. (cis & trans)

43
Q

Functional Groups:

-OH is found in ______.

A

Alcohol

44
Q

Functional Groups:

All alcohols contain a ________ functional group that is attached to an alkane-type carbon atom.

A

Hydroxyl (-OH)

45
Q

Functional Groups:

Carboxylic acids contain a carbobxyl functional group, which is the combination of a _________ group and a _______ group.

A

Hydroxyl (-OH) group

Carbonyl (C=O) group

46
Q

Functional Groups:

What type of functional group is this?

A

Carboxylic

O=C - O-H

47
Q

Functional Groups:

Which type of functional group is this?

A

Alcohol