Ch. 5 Integumentary System Flashcards

Question

subcutaneous layer is composed of:

Answer 1

aka hypodermis composed primarily of loose connective tissue and adipose (fat) tissue interlaced with blood vessels.

Answer 2

``` RIBS regulates temperature insulates and cushions the body, binds dermis to underlying structures stores fats, ```

Answer 3

- defend body against disease | - maintain homeostasis

Answer 4

secrete substances through ducts to outer surface of body

Answer 5

sudoriferous (sweat) | sebaceous (oil)

Answer 6

- cool the body by evaporation - excrete waste products - moisten surface cells

Answer 7

oily, acidic secretion from sebaceous glands that destoys harmful organisms (preventing infection)

Answer 8

lips, nipples. palms, soles, external genitalia

Answer 9

visible part of hair

Answer 10

part of hair embedded in the dermis

Answer 11

hair root and covering

Answer 12

loop of capillaries located at bottom of follicle | responsible for hair growth

Answer 13

where nails are formed

Answer 14

keratinized, stratified, squamous epithelial cells and protect fingertips and toes

Answer 15

the half moon shape at the base of nail | where nail growth occurs

Answer 16

to protect the entire body, including all of its organs, from the external environment.

Answer 17

first line of defense against invasion of pathogens into body

Answer 18

Regulate body temp (via cutaneous blood vessels that dilate and constrict)

Answer 19

absorption of calcium and stores excess calories (skin absorbs vitamin D)

Answer 20

Store excess calories prompted by insulin secretions

Answer 21

Skin stretched for birth and have receptor that make sex pleasurable

Answer 22

Receptors in the skin respond to sexual stimuli.

Answer 23

synthesizes vitamin D essential for: - muscle contraction - growth, repair, and maintenance of bones

Answer 24

cutaneous receptors detect stimuli related to touch, pain, pressure, and temperature.

Answer 25

- temperature influences respiratory rate | - nasal hairs filter air before reaching lower respiratory tract

Answer 26

Skin provides an alternative route for excreting salts and nitrogenous wastes in the form of perspiration.

Answer 27

abnormal condition of fat

Answer 28

adip/o lip/o steat/o

Answer 29

tumor made up of fatty tissue

Answer 30

inflammation of fat

Answer 31

cutane/o dermat/o derm/o

Answer 32

pertaining to under the skin

Answer 33

surgical repair of the skin

Answer 34

pertaining to under the skin

Answer 35

hidr/o | sudor/o

Answer 36

inflammation of sweat gland

Answer 37

condition of sweat the body’s physiological means to regulate body temperature.

Answer 38

dry, scaly

Answer 39

abnormal condition of dry, scaly skin

Answer 40

horny tissue; hard; cornea

Answer 41

abnormal condition of hard or horny tissue thickened area of the epidermis or any horny growth on the skin, such as a callus or wart.

Answer 42

tumor of black a malignant tumor of melanocytes that commonly begins in a darkly pigmented mole and can metastasize widely.

Answer 43

abnormal condition of skin fungus

Answer 44

onych/o | ungu/o

Answer 45

softening of the nail

Answer 46

pertaining to the nail

Answer 47

pil/o | trich/o

Answer 48

pertaining to hair nest A pilonidal cyst commonly develops in the skin at the base of the spine. It develops as a growth of hair in a dermoid cyst.

Answer 49

disease of hair

Answer 50

hardening; sclera (white of eye)

Answer 51

hardening of the skin Scleroderma is an autoimmune disorder that causes the skin and internal organs to become progressively hardened as a result of deposits of collagen. It may occur as a localized form or as a systemic disease.

Answer 52

sebum, sebaceous

Answer 53

flow or discharge of sebum an overactivity of the sebaceous glands

Answer 54

pertaining to scale

Answer 55

foreign, strange

Answer 56

transplant of foreign tissue used as a temporary graft to protect the patient against infection and fluid loss.

Answer 57

skin of dry Xeroderma is a chronic skin condition characterized by dryness and roughness and is a mild form of ichthyosis.

Answer 58

an acute, inflammatory, purulent bacterial dermatitis. It may be primary, such as impetigo, or secondary to a previous skin condition.

Answer 59

specialist in the study of skin

Answer 60

study of skin

Answer 61

treatment of cold used to destroy tissue by freezing with liquid nitrogen. Cutaneous warts and actinic keratosis are common skin disorders that respond well to cryotherapy treatment.

Answer 62

without/ not

Answer 63

abnormal condition of being without sweat

Answer 64

above, upon

Answer 65

above/upon the skin the outermost layer of the skin.

Answer 66

transplantation of same tissue

Answer 67

hypodermic

Answer 68

dermatoplasty

Answer 69

dermatologist

Answer 70

anhidrosis

Answer 71

ichthyosis

Answer 72

scleroderma

Answer 73

trichopathy

Answer 74

adipoma or lipoma

Answer 75

adipocele or lipocele

Answer 76

adipoid or lipoid

Answer 77

adipocyte or lipocyte

Answer 78

dermatitis

Answer 79

dermatomycosis

Answer 80

onychomalacia

Answer 81

onychomycosis

Answer 82

onychocryptosis

Answer 83

onychopathy

Answer 84

trichopathy

Answer 85

trichomycosis

Answer 86

dermatology

Answer 87

dermatologist

Answer 88

adipectomy or lipectomy

Answer 89

onychectomy

Answer 90

onychotomy

Answer 91

dermatoplasty or dermoplasty

Answer 92

the medical specialty concerned with diseases that directly affect the skin and systemic diseases that manifest their effects on the skin.

Answer 93

physician who specializes in diagnosis and treatment of skin diseases

Answer 94

areas of tissue that have been pathologically altered by injury, wound, or infection.

Answer 95

primary or secondary by their appearance, color, location, and size as measured in centimeters

Answer 96

the initial reaction to pathologically altered tissue and may be flat or elevated.

Answer 97

changes that take place in the primary lesion as a result of infection, scratching, trauma, or various stages of a disease.

Answer 98

tissue injuries caused by contact with thermal, chemical, electrical, or radioactive agents.

Answer 99

the skin and can also affect the respiratory and digestive tract linings

Answer 100

(superficial) least serious burn injuring only top layers of epidermis causes skin redness, sensitivity, blisters do not form, and the burn heals without scar formation

Answer 101

(partial-thickness) deep burns that damage the epidermis and part of the dermis causes fluid-filled blisters, little to no scarring

Answer 102

(full-thickness) epidermis and dermis destroyed, some underlying connective tissue damaged, leaving skin waxy/charred with insensitivity to touch. underlying bones, muscles, and tendons may also be damaged causes ulcerating wounds and the scar tissue. Skin grafting (dermatoplasty) is commonly required to protect underlying tissue and assist in recovery.

Answer 103

formula for estimating % of adult body surface (different for infants/children due to proportionally larger head) area affected by burns important in determining fluid loss treatment

Answer 104

abnormal growths of new and same noncancerous cells as the tissue in which they are growing place pressure on or interfere with the functioning of surrounding structures

Answer 105

(cancer) composed of invasive cells that spread to remote regions of the body (metastasis) by entering blood/lymph vessels and traveling to form secondary tumor sites

Answer 106

(biotherapy) | newer cancer treatment that stimulates the body’s own immune defenses to fight tumor cells

Answer 107

diagnosis and treatment planning, provide a possible prognosis, and aid comparison of treatment results when different treatment methods are used.

Answer 108

cell from tumor site are compared to normal tissue | the greater the difference between the two, the more serious the grade of cancer is

Answer 109

(tumor, node, metastasis system) international system that allows comparison of statistics among cancer centers * T—size/invasiveness of primary tumor * N—area lymph nodes involved * M—invasiveness (metastasis) of primary tumor

Answer 110

most common skin cancer malignancy of the basal layer of the epidermis, or hair follicles locally invasive but rarely metastasize

Answer 111

invasive tumor with potential for metastasis arises from skin that undergoes pathological hardening (keratinizing) can be in situ or invasive

Answer 112

confined to the original site

Answer 113

penetrate the surrounding tissue

Answer 114

malignant growth of melanocytes highly metastatic, can affect liver, lungs, and brain most lethal skin cancer

Answer 115

Localized collection of pus at the site of an infection

Answer 116

``` Inflammatory disease of sebaceous glands and hair follicles characteristic lesions that include blackheads (comedos), inflammatory papules, pustules, nodules, and cysts ``` and are usually associated with seborrhea; also called acne vulgaris

Answer 117

Partial or complete loss of hair resulting from normal aging, an endocrine disorder, a drug reaction, anticancer medication, or a skin disease; commonly called baldness

Answer 118

Very early form of skin cancer, which is easily curable and characterized by a red, scaly patch on the skin; also called squamous cell carcinoma in situ

Answer 119

Diffuse (widespread), acute infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissue

Answer 120

Pigmentary skin discoloration usually occurring in yellowish-brown patches or spots

Answer 121

Typical small skin lesion of acne vulgaris caused by accumulation of keratin, bacteria, and dried sebum plugging an excretory duct of the skin

Answer 122

BED SORES Inflammation, sore, or skin deterioration caused by prolonged pressure from lying in one position that prevents blood flow to the tissues, usually in elderly bedridden persons; also known as pressure ulcer

Answer 123

A bruise - skin discoloration consisting of a large, irregularly formed hemorrhagic area with colors changing from bluish black to greenish brown or yellow

Answer 124

Chronic inflammatory skin condition that is characterized by erythema, papules, vesicles, pustules, scales, crusts, and scabs and accompanied by intense itching (pruritus); also called atopic dermatitis

Answer 125

Redness of the skin caused by swelling of the capillaries

Answer 126

Dead matter that is sloughed off from the surface of the skin, especially after a burn

Answer 127

Bacterial skin infection characterized by isolated pustules that become crusted and rupture

Answer 128

Thickened area of the epidermis or any horny growth on the skin (such as a callus or wart)

Answer 129

Small brown macules, especially on the face and arms, brought on by sun exposure, usually in a middle-aged or older person

Answer 130

Unnatural paleness or absence of color in the skin

Answer 131

Infestation with lice, transmitted by personal contact or common use of brushes, combs, or headgear

Answer 132

Minute, pinpoint hemorrhage under the skin

Answer 133

intense itching

Answer 134

Chronic skin disease characterized by itchy red patches covered by thick, dry, silvery scales and caused by excessive development of the basal layer of the epidermis

Answer 135

Any of several bleeding disorders characterized by hemorrhage into the tissues, particularly beneath the skin or mucous membranes, producing ecchymoses or petechiae

Answer 136

Contagious skin disease transmitted by the itch mite, commonly through sexual contact

Answer 137

Fungal skin infection whose name commonly indicates the body part affected; also called ringworm

Answer 138

HIVES | Allergic reaction of the skin characterized by the eruption of pale red, elevated patches called wheals

Answer 139

WARTS Epidermal growth caused by a virus

Answer 140

Localized loss of skin pigmentation characterized by milk-white patches

Answer 141

pediculosis

Answer 142

ecchymosis

Answer 143

Any test in which a suspected allergen or sensitizer is applied to or injected into the skin to determine the patient’s sensitivity to it

Answer 144

Skin test that identifies suspected allergens by subcutaneously injecting small amounts of extracts of the suspected allergens and observing the skin for a subsequent reaction

Answer 145

Skin test that identifies allergic contact dermatitis by applying a suspected allergen to a patch, which is then taped on the skin, usually the forearm, and observing the area 24 hours later for an allergic response

Answer 146

Skin test that identifies suspected allergens by placing a small quantity of the suspected allergen on a lightly scratched area of the skin; also called puncture test or prick test

Answer 147

(C&S) Laboratory test to determine the presence of pathogens in patients with suspected wound infections and identify the appropriate drug therapy to which the organism responds (sensitivity)

Answer 148

(Bx, bx) Representative tissue sample removed from a body site for microscopic examination

Answer 149

(FS) Ultrathin slice of tissue from a frozen specimen for immediate pathological examination

Answer 150

Removal of a small tissue sample for examination using a hollow needle, usually attached to a syringe

Answer 151

Removal of a small core of tissue using a hollow punch

Answer 152

Removal of elevated lesions using a surgical blade

Answer 153

Procedure that involves progressive removal and examination of layers of cancer-containing skin until only cancer-free tissue remains; also called micrographic surgery of the skin

Answer 154

Transplantation of healthy tissue to an injured site

Answer 155

Transplantation of healthy tissue from one person to another person; also called homograft

Answer 156

Transplantation of healthy tissue from one site to another site in the same individual

Answer 157

Transplantation of artificial skin produced from collagen fibers arranged in a lattice pattern

Answer 158

Transplantation (dermis only) from a foreign donor (usually a pig) and transferred to a human; also called heterograft

Answer 159

Chemical removal of the outer layers of skin to treat acne scarring and general keratoses; also called chemabrasion

Answer 160

Use of subfreezing temperature (commonly liquid nitrogen) to destroy or eliminate abnormal tissue, such as tumors, warts, and unwanted, cancerous, or infected tissue

Answer 161

Removal of necrotized tissue from a wound by surgical excision, enzymes, or chemical agents

Answer 162

Rubbing (abrasion) using wire brushes or sandpaper to mechanically scrape away (abrade) the epidermis

Answer 163

Tissue destruction by means of high-frequency electric current; also called electrodesiccation

Answer 164

(PDT) Procedure in which cells selectively treated with an agent called a photosensitizer are exposed to light to produce a reaction that destroys the cells

Answer 165

Reduce acne through multiple mechanisms

Answer 166

Alter the cell wall of fungi or disrupt enzyme activity, resulting in cell death

Answer 167

Inhibit allergic reactions of inflammation, redness, and itching caused by the release of histamine

Answer 168

Kill insect parasites, such as mites and lice

Answer 169

Topically applied agents that inhibit growth of bacteria, thus preventing infections in cuts, scratches, and surgical incisions

Answer 170

Decrease inflammation and itching by suppressing the immune system’s inflammatory response to tissue damage

Answer 171

Destroy and soften the outer layer of skin so that it is sloughed off or shed

Answer 172

Cover, cool, dry, or soothe inflamed skin

Answer 173

Block sensation of pain by numbing the skin layers and mucous membranes

Answer 174

basal cell carcinoma

Answer 175

culture and sensitivity

Answer 176

cancer; chronological age; cardiac arrest

Answer 177

frozen section

Answer 178

intradermal

Answer 179

impression (synonymous with diagnosis)

Answer 180

incision and drainage

Answer 181

intravenous

Answer 182

tumor-node-metastasis

Answer 183

xeroderma pigmentosum

Answer 184

antifungals

Answer 185

fulguration

Answer 186

corticosteroids

Answer 187

dermabrasion

Answer 188

parasiticides

Answer 189

intradermal test

Answer 190

patch test

Answer 191

keratolytics