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A&P 1 > Ch. 9 Articulations > Flashcards

Ch. 9 Articulations Flashcards

(77 cards)

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1
Q

What are the 3 structural classes of joints?

A

Fibrous
Cartilaginous
Synovial

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2
Q

_________ Joint - Bones held together by dense connective tissue

A

Fibrous

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3
Q

_________ joint - Bones joined by cartilage

A

Cartilaginous

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4
Q

_________ joint - Bones joined by ligaments with fluid-filled joint cavity separating bone surfaces

A

Synovial

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5
Q

What are the 3 functional classes of joints?

A

Synarthroses
Amphiarthroses
Diarthroses

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6
Q

____________ - Immobile joints, can be fibrous or cartilaginous

A

Synarthroses

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7
Q

_________ - slightly mobile joints, can be fibrous or cartilaginous

A

Amphiarthroses

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8
Q

___________ - Freely mobile joints, all synovial joints

A

Diarthroses

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9
Q

There is a tradeoff between mobility and ________ of joints

A

Stability

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10
Q

There is a tradeoff between _______ and stability of joints

A

Mobility

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11
Q

These are the three most common types of __________ joints.

Gomphoses, Sutures, Syndesmoses

A

Fibrous

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12
Q

Do fibrous joints have a joint cavity?

A

NO

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13
Q

What is the range of mobility for fibrous joints?

A

Immobile to slightly mobile

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14
Q

Peg in socket, fibrous joints are known as…

A

Gomphoses

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15
Q

Gomphoses, such as those that hold teeth in place and (immobile or slightly mobile)

A

Immobile (Synarthroses)

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16
Q

_____________- Membrane holds teeth in place

A

Periodontal

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17
Q

Syndesmoses are bound by __________ membrane, a broad ligamentous sheet

A

Interosseous

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18
Q

Cartilaginous joints are made up of either ___________ cartilage or _____________.

A

Hyaline, Fibrocartilage

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19
Q

Do Cartilaginous joints have a joint capsule?

A

No

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20
Q

_____________ - Bones joined by hyaline cartilage

A

Synchondroses

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21
Q

What is the mobility range of synchondroses?

A

Immobile (Synarthroses)

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22
Q

Examples of Synchondroses…

A

Epiphyseal Plate, Costochondral Joints

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23
Q

______________ - Pads of Fibrocartilage between articulating bones

A

Symphyses

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24
Q

What is the mobility range for Symphyses?

A

amphiarthroses (Slightly mobile)

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25
Do synovial joints contain a joint cavity?
Yes
26
What is the mobility range of Synovial Joints?
Mobile (Diarthroses)
27
Synovial joint capsules contain an outer layer, known was ________ layer.
Fibrous
28
The Fibrous layer of joint capsules are made of _______ connective tissue
Dense (irregular)
29
The ____________ layer of joint capsules functions to prevent bones from being pulled apart.
Fibrous
30
The inner layer of joint capsules are known as _________ membrane.
Synovial
31
Synovial membrane is made of simple ____________ epithelium on ___________ connective tissue.
Squamous / Areolar
32
The _________ of joint capsule covers internal joints surfaces not covered by cartilage.
Synovial membrane or Inner layer
33
____________ Membrane - helps produce synovial fluid.
Synovial membrane
34
Articular cartilage is made up of ________ Cartilage
Hyaline
35
Does articular cartilage contain blood vessels?
No, it is avascular
36
___________ ____________ is a viscous, oily substance that lubricates articular cartilage, nourishes and removes waste from chondrocytes, and acts as a shock absorber.
Synovial fluid
37
Ligaments are made up of _____________ CT
Dense Regular CT
38
Ligaments connect __________ to ________.
Bone 2 Bone
39
Ligaments stabilize, strengthen, and reinforce __________ joints.
Synovial
40
Tendons are composed of ____________ CT
Dense Regular CT
41
Tendons are or are not part of synovial joints?
Are NOT
42
Tendons connect _____ to ______
Muscle to bone
43
Sensory nerves and blood vessels are numerous in ___________ joints.
Synovial
44
pocket of synovial membrane and fluid that alleviated friction
Bursae
45
Can fill spaces when joint shape changes, act as protective packing material
Fat pads
46
Elongated bursae that wrap around tendons where friction is excessive
Tendon Sheaths
47
Glenohumeral (Shoulder) joint is what type of joint?
Ball and socket
48
What is the most unstable, and most frequently dislocated joint?
Shoulder
49
The glenoid labrum is made up of what type of cartilage?
Fibrocartilage
50
Fibrocartilaginous ring that deepens the socket of the hip joint…
Acetabular Labrum
51
What is the largest and most complex diarthrosis?
Knee Joint
52
_________ ligament - extends from patella to tibial tuberosity
Patellar Ligament
53
Prevents hyperextension and anterior displacement of tibia…
Anterior Cruciate Ligament
54
Prevents hyperflexion and posterior displacement of the tibia
Posterior Cruciate Ligament
55
Type of arthritis caused by increased levels of Uric acid
Gout/Gouty Arthritis
56
Degenerative Joint condition due to wearing down of Articular cartilage.
Osteoarthritis
57
Autoimmune disorder that starts with synovial membrane inflammation
Rheumatoid Arthritis
58
Synovial joints are classified by ________ allowed, and shapes of joint surfaces
Movement
59
Joint where bone moves in one plane or axis
Uniaxial
60
Joint where bone moves in two planes or axes
Biaxial Joint
61
Joint where bone moves in multiple planes or axis
Multiaxial Joint
62
What type of synovial joint has Articular flat surfaces?
Plane Joint
63
What type of synovial joints are uniaxial?
Plane, Hinge, Pivot
64
What type of synovial joints are biaxial?
Condylar, and Saddle
65
What type of synovial joints are Multiaxial?
Ball-and-socket
66
Movement that decreases the angle between bones in anterior-posterior plane, bending
Flexion
67
Movement that increases the angle between articulating bones in anterior-posterior plane, straightening
Extension
68
Movement where a joint is extended more than 180 degrees
Hyperextension
69
Movement where trunk of body is moving in coronal plane laterally, occurs between vertebrae in the cervical and lumbar region.
Lateral flexion
70
Lateral movement of a body part away from the midline…
Abduction
71
Medial movement of body part toward the midline…
Adduction
72
When appendage moves in a cone shape…
Circumduction
73
Movement where foot is lifted toward the shin
Dorsiflexion
74
Movement like standing on the toes
Plantar flexion
75
When sole of the foot turns medially
Inversion
76
When sole of the foot turns laterally
Eversion
77
Movement of thumb toward tips of fingers, enables the thumb to grasp objects
Opposition

A&P 1 (17 decks)

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