Chapter 1, 3 Microbiology Flashcards
Microorganism types
virus, bacteria, fungi, protest
classes of cellular molecules
proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, polysaccharides
characteristics of life
metabolism, reproduction, differentiation, communication, movement, evolution
microbe and human interaction examples
disease, agriculture, food, energy/ environment, biotechnology (pharmaceuticals, gene therapy)
Robert Koch found what?
the link between microbes and infectious disease, specifically in anthrax and TB, and he created solid media for pure cultures that scientists still use today
Which gram stain is naturally resistant to antibiotics and why?
gram negative because of the cell wall
What is the purpose of a gram stain?
It determines if the bacteria is gram positive or negative.
based on rRNA, what are the domains of biological organisms?
Bacteria, Archea, Eukarya
What is the first postulate of Koch?
The pathogenic organism should be present in ALL cases of the diseased and absent from the healthy animals.
What is the second postulate of Koch?
The suspected organism should be grown in a pure culture.
What is the third postulate of Koch?
Cells from a pure culture of the suspected organism should cause disease in the healthy animal.
What is the fourth postulate of Koch?
The organism should be reisolated and shown to be the same as the original.
Extremophile definition
microbes found in extreme environments like hot springs, deep sea vents, glaciers, high ph levels.
shapes of bacteria
cocci (circles), bacilli (rods), and spiral
use CO2 as a carbon source
autotrophs
