Chapter 10 Def First Flashcards
(51 cards)
stiffening and immobility of a joint as a result of disease, trauma, surgery, or abnormal bone fusion
ankylosis
<p>painful condition resulting from compression of the median nerve within the carpal tunnel (wrist canal through which the flexor tendons and the median nerve pass)</p>
<p>carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS)</p>
lameness, limping
claudication
<p>fibrosis of CT in the skin, fascia, muscle, or joint capsule that prevents normal mobility of the related tissue or joint</p>
<p>contracture</p>
<p>dry, grating sound or sensation caused by bone ends rubbing together, indicating a fracture or joint destruction</p>
<p>crepitation</p>
use of electrical stimulation to record the strength of muscle contraction
electromyography
<p>increase in severity of a disease or any of its symptoms</p>
<p>exacerbation</p>
tumor of tendon sheath or joint capsule, commonly found in the wrist (to treat: inject with anti-inflammatory agent)
ganglion cyst
<p>effusion of blood into a joint cavity</p>
<p>hemarthrosis</p>
loss of muscular tone or a diminished resistance to passive stretching
hypotonia
<p>primary malignant tumor that infiltrates the bone and red bone marrow (progressive, typically fatal disease that causes multiple tumor masses and bone fractures)</p>
<p>multiple myeloma</p>
<p>bony outgrowth that occasionally develops on the vertebra and may exert pressure on the spinal cord also called bone spur</p>
<p>osteophyte</p>
<p>perceived sensation, following amputation of a limb, that the limb still exists</p>
<p>phantom limb</p>
<p>replacement of a missing part by an artificial substitute, such as an artificial extremity</p>
<p>prosthesis</p>
<p>form of osteomalacia in children caused by vit D deficiency, also called rachitis</p>
<p>rickets</p>
fragment of necrosed bone that has become separated from surrounding tissue</p>
sequestrum
<p>any slipping (subluxation) of a vertebra from its normal position in relationship to the one beneath it</p>
<p>spondylolisthesis</p>
degeneration of the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar vertebrae and related to tissues (may cause pressure on nerve roots w/subsequent pain or paresthesia in the extremities)
spondylosis
<p>tearing of ligament tissue that may be slight, moderate, or complete</p>
<p>sprain</p>
<p>to exert physical force in a manner that may result in injury, usually muscular</p>
<p>strain</p>
<p>partial or incomplete dislocation</p>
<p>subluxation</p>
<p>congenital deformity of one or both feet in which the foot is pulled downward and laterally to the side; also called clubfoot (the heel never rests on the ground - treatment: casts to straighten the foot)</p>
<p>talipes equinovarus</p>
<p>cartilaginous sarcoma</p>
<p>chondrosarcoma</p>
<p>describes a bone that has splintered into pieces</p>
<p>comminuted fracture</p>
type of sarcoma that attacks the shafts rather than the ends of long bones
Ewing sarcoma
metabolic disease caused by accumulation of uric acid, usually in the big toe
gout
bone that is partially bent and partially broken; occurs in children
greenstick fracture
development and production of blood cells, normally in the bone marrow
hematopoiesis
exaggeration of the thoracic curve of the vertebral column; hunpback
kyphosis
disease causing degeneration of muscles
muscular dystrophy
chronic neuromuscular disorder characterized by weakness manifested in ocular muscles
myasthenia gravis
death of cells, tissues, or organs
necrosis
disease caused by a decrease in bone density; occurs in the eldery
osteoporosis
formation of pus
pyogenic
deviation of the spine to the right or left
scoliosis
inflammation of the vertebrae
spondylitis
radiograph of spinal cord after injection of a contrast medium
myelography
treatment of bone fractures by use of surgery to place bones in normal position
open reduction
used to treat rheumatoid arthritis by inhibiting activity with the immune system
gold salts
painful disorder of the wrist and hand due to compression of the median nerve as it passes through the carpal tunnel
CTS
excision of the posterior arch of a vertebra
laminectomy
series of joint radiographs preceded by injection of a radiopaque substance or air into the joint cavity
arthrography
surgical binding or immobilizing of a joint
arthrodesis
partial or complete removal of a limb
amputation
herniated nucleus pulposus
HNP
relieve mild to moderate pain and reduce inflammation
salicylates
visual examination of a joint's interior, especially the knee
arthroscopy
excising a segment of necrosed bone
sequestrectomy
anterior cruciate ligament
ACL
relieve muscle spasms and stiffness
relaxants
manipulative treatment of bone fractures by placing the bones in normal position without incision
closed reduction
