Chapter 7 Definition First Flashcards
(62 cards)
<p>excessive acidity of body fluids</p>
<p>acidosis</p>
<p>absence of the sense of smell</p>
<p>anosmia</p>
<p>temporary loss of breathing</p>
<p>apnea</p>
<p>sleeping disorder in which breathing stops repeatedly for more than 10 seconds, causing measurable blood deoxygenation</p>
<p>sleep apnea</p>
<p>1. obstructive (enlarged tonsils and adenoids)2. central (failure of the brain to transmit impulses for breathing)3. mixed (combination of obstructive and central)</p>
<p>What are the 3 types of apnea?</p>
<p>condition caused by insufficient intake of oxygen</p>
<p>asphyxia</p>
<p>collapsed or airless state of the lung, which may be acute or chronic and affect all or part of a lung</p>
<p>atelectasis</p>
<p>repeated breathing pattern characterized by fluctuation in the depth of respiration, first deeply, then shallow, then not at all</p>
<p>cheyne-Stokes respiration</p>
<p>ease with which lung tissue can be stretched </p>
<p>compliance</p>
<p>head cold; upper respiratory infection</p>
<p>coryza</p>
<p>abnormal respiratory sound heard on auscultation, caused by exudates, spasms, hyperplasia, or when air enters moisture-filled alveoli; also called rale</p>
<p>crackle</p>
<p>common childhood condition involving inflammation of the larynx, trachea, bronchial passages, and sometimes lungs</p>
<p>croup</p>
<p>displacement of cartilage dividing the nostrils</p>
<p>deviated nasal septum</p>
<p>severe, life-threatening infection of the epiglottis and supraglottic structures that occur most commonly in children between 2 and 12 </p>
<p>epiglottitis</p>
<p>nosebleed; nasal hemorrhage</p>
<p>epistaxis</p>
<p>enlargement of the terminal phalanges of the fingers and toes, commonly associated with pulmonary disease</p>
<p>finger clubbing</p>
<p>deficiency of oxygen in the blood</p>
<p>hypoxemia</p>
<p>deficiency of oxygen in tissues</p>
<p>hypoxia</p>
<p>acute infectious disease characterized by a cough that has a "whoop" sound; also called whooping cough</p>
<p>pertussis</p>
<p>inflammation of the pleural membrane characterized by a stabbing pain that is intensified by coughing or deep breathing; also called pleuritis</p>
<p>pleurisy</p>
<p>disease caused by inhaling dust particles, including coal dust (anthrocosis), stone dust (chalicosis), iron dust (siderosis), and asbestos particles (asbestosis)</p>
<p>pneumoconiosis</p>
<p>accumulation of extravascular fluid in lung tissue and alveoli, caused most commonly by heart failure, and induces cough and dyspnea</p>
<p>pulmonary edema</p>
<p>blockage in an artery of the lung caused by a mass of undissolved matter (such as a blood clot, tissue, air bubbles, and bacteria)</p>
<p>pulmonary embolus</p>
coarse, rattling noise that resembles snoring
<p>rhonchus</p>
high-pitched, harsh, adventitious breath sound caused by a spasm or swelling of the larynx or an obstruction in the upper airway
stridor
completely unexpected and unexplained death of an apparently normal, healthy infant, usually less than 12 months of age; also called crib death
sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)
whistling or sighing sound heard on auscultation that results from narrowing of the lumen of the respiratory passageway
wheeze
intradermal test to determine tuberculin sensitivity based on a positive reaction where the area around the test site becomes red and swollen
Mantoux test
noninvasive method of monitoring the percentage of hemoglobin saturated with oxygen; also called pulse oximetry
oximetry
test of sleep cycles and stages
polysomnography
multiple tests used to evaluate the ability of the lungs to take in and expel air as well as perform gas exchange across the alveolocapillary membrane
pulmonary function tests
measurement of ventilatory ability by assessing lung capacity and flow, including the time necessary for exhaling the total volume of inhaled air
spirometry
visual examination of the bronchi using an endoscope (through the nose or mouth and trachea)
bronchoscopy
visual examination of the larynx to detect tumors, foreign bodies, nerve or structural injury, or other abnormalities
laryngoscopy
visual examination of the mediastinal structures including the heart, trachea, esophagus, bronchus, thymus, and lymph nodes
mediastinoscopy
irrigating or washing out of an organ, stomach, bladder, bowel, or body cavity with a stream of water or other fluid
lavage
irrigation or washing of the antrum (maxillary sinus) in chronic or non responsive sinusitis
antral lavage
positioning a patient so that gravity aids in the drainage of secretions from the bronchi and lobes of the lungs
postural drainage
excision of part of the pleura, usually parietal
pleurectomy
excision of a lung
pneumectomy
reconstruction of the nose to correct deformities or for cosmetic purposes
rhinoplasty
surgical repair of a deviated nasal septum usually performed when septum is encroaching on a breathing passages or nasal structures
septoplasty
surgical puncture and drainage of the pleural cavity; also called peurocentesis or thoracocentesis
thoracentesis
surgical procedure in which an opening is made in the neck and into the trachea into which a breathing tube may be inserted
tracheostomy
pus in the pleural cavity
empyema
phospholipid that allows the lungs to expand with ease
surfactant
loss of sponginess of lungs due to engorgement
consolidation
listening to chest sounds using a stethoscope
auscultation
granulomas associated with tuberculosis
tubercles
disease characterized by a decrease in alveolar elasticity
emphysema
imaging procedure that uses radionuclide to evaluate blood flow in the lungs
lung scan
producing images using an x-ray machine
radiography
relieves sneezing, runny nose, itchiness, and rashes
antihistamine
relieves or suppresses coughing
antitussive
used primarily in children to confirm cystic fibrosis
sweat test
TB organism
AFB
inhalation of medication directly into the respiratory system via a nebulizer
aerosol therapy
decreases mucous membrane swelling by constricting blood vessels
decongestant
laboratory tests to assess gases and pH of arterial blood
ABGs
reduces the viscosity of sputum to facilitate productive coughing
expectorant
used to identify pathogens, especially group A streptococci
throat culture
multiple tests used to determine the ability of lungs and capillary membranes to exchange oxygen
pulmonary function tests
