Chapter 7 Flashcards
(62 cards)
acidosis
excessive acidity of body fluids
anosmia
absence of the sense of smell
apnea
temporary loss of breathing
sleep apnea
sleeping disorder in which breathing stops repeatedly for more than 10 seconds, causing measurable blood deoxygenation
What are the 3 types of apnea?
- obstructive (enlarged tonsils and adenoids)
- central (failure of the brain to transmit impulses for breathing)
- mixed (combination of obstructive and central)
asphyxia
condition caused by insufficient intake of oxygen
atelectasis
collapsed or airless state of the lung, which may be acute or chronic and affect all or part of a lung
cheyne-Stokes respiration
repeated breathing pattern characterized by fluctuation in the depth of respiration, first deeply, then shallow, then not at all
compliance
ease with which lung tissue can be stretched
coryza
head cold; upper respiratory infection
crackle
abnormal respiratory sound heard on auscultation, caused by exudates, spasms, hyperplasia, or when air enters moisture-filled alveoli; also called rale
croup
common childhood condition involving inflammation of the larynx, trachea, bronchial passages, and sometimes lungs
deviated nasal septum
displacement of cartilage dividing the nostrils
epiglottitis
severe, life-threatening infection of the epiglottis and supraglottic structures that occur most commonly in children between 2 and 12
epistaxis
nosebleed; nasal hemorrhage
finger clubbing
enlargement of the terminal phalanges of the fingers and toes, commonly associated with pulmonary disease
hypoxemia
deficiency of oxygen in the blood
hypoxia
deficiency of oxygen in tissues
pertussis
acute infectious disease characterized by a cough that has a “whoop” sound; also called whooping cough
pleurisy
inflammation of the pleural membrane characterized by a stabbing pain that is intensified by coughing or deep breathing; also called pleuritis
pneumoconiosis
disease caused by inhaling dust particles, including coal dust (anthrocosis), stone dust (chalicosis), iron dust (siderosis), and asbestos particles (asbestosis)
pulmonary edema
accumulation of extravascular fluid in lung tissue and alveoli, caused most commonly by heart failure, and induces cough and dyspnea
pulmonary embolus
blockage in an artery of the lung caused by a mass of undissolved matter (such as a blood clot, tissue, air bubbles, and bacteria)
rhonchus
abnormal breath sound heard on auscultation; rattling sound like snoring