Chapter 12 Flashcards
genome
a cells DNA, its genetic information
chromosomes
packages of DNA molecules
chromatin
entire complex of DNA and proteins that is the building material of chromosomes
somatic cells
all body cells except the reproductive cells
gametes
reproductive cells
sister chromatids
joined copies of the original chromosome
centromere
a region made up of repetitive sequences in the chromosomal DNA where the chromatid is attached most closely to its sister chromatid
mitosis
division of genetic material in the nucleus
cytokinesis
division of the cytoplasm
cell cycle
the life of a cell from the time it is first formed during the division of a parent cell until its own division into two daughter cells
mitotic phase
includes both mitosis and cytokinesis; shortest part of cell cycle
G1 phase
first gap
G2 phase
second phase
S phase
synthesis
prophase
chromatin condensed