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Gen Bio 1 > Chapter 14 > Flashcards

Chapter 14 Flashcards

1
Q

character

A

heritable feature that varies among individuals

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2
Q

trait

A

each variant for a character

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3
Q

true breeding

A

only same trait breeding

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4
Q

hybridization

A

mating/crossing of two true breeding parents

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5
Q

alleles

A

alternative versions of a gene

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6
Q

dominant allele

A

determines the organisms appearance

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7
Q

recessive allele

A

has no noticeable effect on the organisms appearance

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8
Q

law of segregation

A

the two alleles for a heritable character segregate (in other words separate from each other) during gamete formation and end up in different gametes

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9
Q

punnett square

A

a handy diagramatic device for predicting the allele composition of offspring from a cross between individuals of known genetic makeup

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10
Q

phenotype

A

physical trait

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11
Q

genotype

A

genetic code

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12
Q

monohybrid

A

heterozygous for the one particular character being followed in the cross

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13
Q

monohybrid cross

A

cross between heterozygotes

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14
Q

dihybrids

A

individuals heterozygous for the two characters being followed in the cross

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15
Q

law of independent assortment

A

two or more genes assort independently-that is each pair of alleles segregates independently of any other pair of alleles- during gamete formation

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16
Q

multiplication rules states

A

that to determine the probability of one event and the other occurring we multiply the probability of one event by the probability of one event and the other event.

17
Q

addition rule

A

the probability that any one of two or more mutually exclusive events will occur is calculated by adding their probabilities

18
Q

codominance

A

two alleles each affect the phenotype in a separate distinguishable way

19
Q

epistasis

A

the phenotypic expression of a gene at one locus alters that of a gene at a second locus

20
Q

pedigree

A

family tree describing the trait across the generations

21
Q

carriers

A

heterozygotes that transmit the recessive allele to their offspring

Gen Bio 1 (27 decks)

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