What is the term for an infection in the lung
Pneumonia
What are some sources of infection of the lungs
1) Contaminated air
2) Aspiring nasopharyngeal Flora
3) Lung Pathologies
What are extrinsic factors that aid in causing pulmonary infections?
Smoking - Decreases mucociliary clearance
Alcohol - decreased epiglottic and cough reflexes
What are intrinsic factors that aid in causing pulmonary infections
Defects in Immunity
90% of Bronchopneumonia cases are caused by Streptococcus Pneumoniae
False, Lobar Pneumonia
What is the difference between lobar and broncho pneumonia
Bronchopneumonia - is patchy distribution of inflammation in more than one lobe
Lobar pneumonia - is inflammation in part of or all of a single lobe
What is the bacteria that most often causes community acquired acute pneumonia?
Streptococcus Pneumoniae
What pattern (lobar or broncho) does community acquired acute pneumonia follow?
Lobar
What bacteria may cause pneumonia most often in children?
Staph Aureus
Kelbsiella related pneumonia frequently afflicts which group of people
alcoholics
What bacteria that causes pneumonia is most often seen in nosocomial settings or in patients with extensive burns
Pseudomona Aeruginosa
Which bacteria may cause pneumonia via the inhalation or aspiration of water
Legionella Pneumophila
Legionares Disease
Pontiac Fever (mild form)
Community Acquired acute pneumonia may occur when a persons subjective distress is not in proportion with the objective findings
False, this is Community Acquired ATYPICAL Pneumonia
what microbes cause community acquired Atypical Pneumonia
Mycoplasma Pneumoniae (MC) Viral Influenzae (A, B, RSV and Rhinovirus)
what are the signs of Atypical Pneumonia
Moderate Sputum
Moderate increase in WBC’s
Lack of lung consolidation on X-ray
(alveoli clear of exudates)
the features of atypical pneumonia are very diverse ranging from mild to life threatening
True
what is the common name for Influenza type 1 (H1N1)
Swine Flu
In what year did the swine flu pandemic occur
2009
Swine flu affected more people who are older than 60
False, Younger
Hospital Acquired Pneumonia occurs in those who have recently been in the hospital with which three co-morbidities?
patients have immunodeficiency
been on prolonged antibiotics
or are on a ventilator
Like community acquired pneumonia Step. Pneumoniae is the most common causative organism
False, Hospital Acquired Pneumonia is most often caused by Staph Aureus or E-Coli
What is Aspiration Pneumonia?
It is Pneumonia caused by aspiration of foreign material, especially gastric contents during vomiting
In Aspiration Pneumonia is partly chemical due to gastric acid and is often necrotizing possibly causing death
true
Which side of the lung are Abscesses more likely to occur
Right
What is a localized suppurative necrosis in the lungs called
A lung abscess
How does a person get a lung abscess
Aspiration of infective material
Bronchial Obstruction
Hematogenous Spread
What is present in almost all lung abscesses? What do they cause
Anaerobic bacteria - causes foul and purulent sputum
If a patient came to you with foul smelling sputum and you did an exam and found the bronchial tree to be dilated what condition would you suspect?
Bronchioectasis
** lung abscess also has foul smelling sputum but will have an area of suppurative necrosis in the lung
