Chapter 12 - Pt 3 - Kailey Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Chapter 12 - Pt 3 - Kailey Deck (28)
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1
Q

What is the term for an infection in the lung

A

Pneumonia

2
Q

What are some sources of infection of the lungs

A

1) Contaminated air
2) Aspiring nasopharyngeal Flora
3) Lung Pathologies

3
Q

What are extrinsic factors that aid in causing pulmonary infections?

A

Smoking - Decreases mucociliary clearance

Alcohol - decreased epiglottic and cough reflexes

4
Q

What are intrinsic factors that aid in causing pulmonary infections

A

Defects in Immunity

5
Q

90% of Bronchopneumonia cases are caused by Streptococcus Pneumoniae

A

False, Lobar Pneumonia

6
Q

What is the difference between lobar and broncho pneumonia

A

Bronchopneumonia - is patchy distribution of inflammation in more than one lobe

Lobar pneumonia - is inflammation in part of or all of a single lobe

7
Q

What is the bacteria that most often causes community acquired acute pneumonia?

A

Streptococcus Pneumoniae

8
Q

What pattern (lobar or broncho) does community acquired acute pneumonia follow?

A

Lobar

9
Q

What bacteria may cause pneumonia most often in children?

A

Staph Aureus

10
Q

Kelbsiella related pneumonia frequently afflicts which group of people

A

alcoholics

11
Q

What bacteria that causes pneumonia is most often seen in nosocomial settings or in patients with extensive burns

A

Pseudomona Aeruginosa

12
Q

Which bacteria may cause pneumonia via the inhalation or aspiration of water

A

Legionella Pneumophila
Legionares Disease
Pontiac Fever (mild form)

13
Q

Community Acquired acute pneumonia may occur when a persons subjective distress is not in proportion with the objective findings

A

False, this is Community Acquired ATYPICAL Pneumonia

14
Q

what microbes cause community acquired Atypical Pneumonia

A
Mycoplasma Pneumoniae (MC)
Viral Influenzae (A, B, RSV and Rhinovirus)
15
Q

what are the signs of Atypical Pneumonia

A

Moderate Sputum
Moderate increase in WBC’s
Lack of lung consolidation on X-ray
(alveoli clear of exudates)

16
Q

the features of atypical pneumonia are very diverse ranging from mild to life threatening

A

True

17
Q

what is the common name for Influenza type 1 (H1N1)

A

Swine Flu

18
Q

In what year did the swine flu pandemic occur

A

2009

19
Q

Swine flu affected more people who are older than 60

A

False, Younger

20
Q

Hospital Acquired Pneumonia occurs in those who have recently been in the hospital with which three co-morbidities?

A

patients have immunodeficiency
been on prolonged antibiotics
or are on a ventilator

21
Q

Like community acquired pneumonia Step. Pneumoniae is the most common causative organism

A

False, Hospital Acquired Pneumonia is most often caused by Staph Aureus or E-Coli

22
Q

What is Aspiration Pneumonia?

A

It is Pneumonia caused by aspiration of foreign material, especially gastric contents during vomiting

23
Q

In Aspiration Pneumonia is partly chemical due to gastric acid and is often necrotizing possibly causing death

A

true

24
Q

Which side of the lung are Abscesses more likely to occur

A

Right

25
Q

What is a localized suppurative necrosis in the lungs called

A

A lung abscess

26
Q

How does a person get a lung abscess

A

Aspiration of infective material
Bronchial Obstruction
Hematogenous Spread

27
Q

What is present in almost all lung abscesses? What do they cause

A

Anaerobic bacteria - causes foul and purulent sputum

28
Q

If a patient came to you with foul smelling sputum and you did an exam and found the bronchial tree to be dilated what condition would you suspect?

A

Bronchioectasis

** lung abscess also has foul smelling sputum but will have an area of suppurative necrosis in the lung