Chapter 12 - Pt 3 - Kailey

Question 1

What is the term for an infection in the lung

Answer 1

Pneumonia

Question 2

What are some sources of infection of the lungs

Answer 2

1) Contaminated air
2) Aspiring nasopharyngeal Flora
3) Lung Pathologies

Question 3

What are extrinsic factors that aid in causing pulmonary infections?

Answer 3

Smoking - Decreases mucociliary clearance

Alcohol - decreased epiglottic and cough reflexes

Question 4

What are intrinsic factors that aid in causing pulmonary infections

Answer 4

Defects in Immunity

Question 5

90% of Bronchopneumonia cases are caused by Streptococcus Pneumoniae

Answer 5

False, Lobar Pneumonia

Question 6

What is the difference between lobar and broncho pneumonia

Answer 6

Bronchopneumonia - is patchy distribution of inflammation in more than one lobe

Lobar pneumonia - is inflammation in part of or all of a single lobe

Question 7

What is the bacteria that most often causes community acquired acute pneumonia?

Answer 7

Streptococcus Pneumoniae

Question 8

What pattern (lobar or broncho) does community acquired acute pneumonia follow?

Answer 8

Lobar

Question 9

What bacteria may cause pneumonia most often in children?

Answer 9

Staph Aureus

Question 10

Kelbsiella related pneumonia frequently afflicts which group of people

Answer 10

alcoholics

Question 11

What bacteria that causes pneumonia is most often seen in nosocomial settings or in patients with extensive burns

Answer 11

Pseudomona Aeruginosa

Question 12

Which bacteria may cause pneumonia via the inhalation or aspiration of water

Answer 12

Legionella Pneumophila
Legionares Disease
Pontiac Fever (mild form)

Question 13

Community Acquired acute pneumonia may occur when a persons subjective distress is not in proportion with the objective findings

Answer 13

False, this is Community Acquired ATYPICAL Pneumonia

Question 14

what microbes cause community acquired Atypical Pneumonia

Answer 14

Mycoplasma Pneumoniae (MC)
Viral Influenzae (A, B, RSV and Rhinovirus)

Question 15

what are the signs of Atypical Pneumonia

Answer 15

Moderate Sputum
Moderate increase in WBC’s
Lack of lung consolidation on X-ray
(alveoli clear of exudates)

Question 16

the features of atypical pneumonia are very diverse ranging from mild to life threatening

Answer 16

True

Question 17

what is the common name for Influenza type 1 (H1N1)

Answer 17

Swine Flu

Question 18

In what year did the swine flu pandemic occur

Answer 18

2009

Question 19

Swine flu affected more people who are older than 60

Answer 19

False, Younger

Question 20

Hospital Acquired Pneumonia occurs in those who have recently been in the hospital with which three co-morbidities?

Answer 20

patients have immunodeficiency
been on prolonged antibiotics
or are on a ventilator

Question 21

Like community acquired pneumonia Step. Pneumoniae is the most common causative organism

Answer 21

False, Hospital Acquired Pneumonia is most often caused by Staph Aureus or E-Coli

Question 22

What is Aspiration Pneumonia?

Answer 22

It is Pneumonia caused by aspiration of foreign material, especially gastric contents during vomiting

Question 23

In Aspiration Pneumonia is partly chemical due to gastric acid and is often necrotizing possibly causing death

Answer 23

true

Question 24

Which side of the lung are Abscesses more likely to occur

Answer 24

Right

Question 25

What is a localized suppurative necrosis in the lungs called

Answer 25

A lung abscess

Question 26

How does a person get a lung abscess

Answer 26

Aspiration of infective material Bronchial Obstruction Hematogenous Spread

Question 27

What is present in almost all lung abscesses? What do they cause

Answer 27

Anaerobic bacteria - causes foul and purulent sputum

Question 28

If a patient came to you with foul smelling sputum and you did an exam and found the bronchial tree to be dilated what condition would you suspect?

Answer 28

Bronchioectasis ** lung abscess also has foul smelling sputum but will have an area of suppurative necrosis in the lung