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Psychology > Chapter 13 > Flashcards

Chapter 13 Flashcards

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1
Q

social psych

A

the study of how other people influence how we feel, think, and do.

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2
Q

mimicry

A

copying actions, reactions and expressions observed.

transmission from one generation to the next

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3
Q

chameleon effect

A

copying someone else’s behaviour in order to be socially comfortable.
appear more attractive

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4
Q

conformity pressure

A

to behave a certain way influenced by the pressure of other people.

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5
Q

group dynamincs

A

how people can influence the way that we behave

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6
Q

social loafing

A

being around other people cause us to be less productive

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7
Q

how to avoid social loafing

A
  • avoid low efficacy
  • know that everyone is working hard
  • know that the final outcome is important
  • everyone’s role is valuable
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8
Q

social facilitation

A

being around people make you work harder

only good when the task is simple.

when complex, there are conflicts. (public speaking)

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9
Q

groupthink

A

when groups discourage us from sharing ideas

  • pressure
  • being shut down
  • competitive = harsh criticism
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10
Q

consequences of groupthink

A
  • dont address problems
  • pressure those uncertain
  • overconfidence
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11
Q

pressure conformity

A

how pressure of members of a group influence what is being shared.

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12
Q

two bases of pressure conformity

A

normative influence and informative influence

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13
Q

normative influence

A

conforming to be accepted by the members

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14
Q

informative influence

A

conforming to develop same beliefs as members

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15
Q

factors that increase conformity pressure

A
  • female members
  • members that are family or friends
  • when there is uncertainty in the action to be performed
  • when required to express ideas publicly.
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16
Q

bystander effect

A

when people dont wanna help because they think that someone else will.

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17
Q

diffusion of responsibility

A

the more people there are, we feel less obligated to help.

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18
Q

pluralistic ignorance

A

when what you think you should do, is not being done by other people. so you end up not doing it.

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19
Q

Social cognition

A

how people mentally process, perceive and think about other people

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20
Q

prejudice

A

assumptions of someone due to the group they are from

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21
Q

discrimination

A

actions towards those of another group that put them in a disadvantage.

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22
Q

explicit processes of discrimination

A

discrimination coming from your conscious

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23
Q

implicit processes of discrimination

A

discrimination coming from your unconscious. Physiological actions.

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24
Q

implicit association test

A

responding quicker to - words and black people.

rather than white people.

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25
dual process models of social cognition
explicit + implicit = overall behaviour.
26
person perception
impression of people, judgements of people.
27
thin slices of behaviour
few samples of a persons behaviour. takes 500 ms to guess the personality from a pic. 50 ms to see sexuality 30 ms for prof.
28
self fulfilling prophecies
our actions towards someone cause them to act a certain way, which then ends up fulfilling what u originally thought.
29
false consensus effect
when we think that other people have the same beliefs as us.
30
naiive realism
when we strongly believe our values are right, and those who oppose are wrong, and don't know reality.
31
self serving biases
biases that boost our esteem in our beliefs and abilities. | when + we take credit, when - we blame others.
32
better than average effect
tend to say we better than we think.
33
internal attribution
when someone does something -, we blame their innate characteristics.
34
external attribution
when we do something -, we blame external factors.
35
fundamental attribution error
when we fail to take external attribution into account, and just blame it on their innate characteristics.
36
in group
the group u belong to
37
out group
the group u not in
38
in group bias
viewing other groups as inferior arises from innate needs (ingrained) - self esteem, belonging.
39
minimal group paradigm
researchers dividing groups into two groups randomly. | told them to divide money. gave more money to those in their in group
40
contact hypothesis
by exposing ourselves to other groups and learning about them, we can reduce discrimination
41
we can also reduce discrimination by...
broadening our view of our in group. ex: we as a species is our ingroup
42
elaboration likelihood model
central route to persuasion | peripheral route to persuasion
43
central route to persuasion
being persuaded by the actual message, without any distractions
44
peripheral route
persuaded by things other than the message, physiological responses, our emotions.
45
3 necessities for central route
- no distractions - vocab easy to understand - capture attention - after everything make sure you make it personal
46
construal level theory
the idea that people will more likely be persuaded when they are presented with ideas that relate to them on a personal level. (experiences) as well as close to them in time and space.
47
identifiable victim effect
showing more concern when there is one person focused on. rather than an entire group suffering.
48
the experiential system
actions based off of emotions, physiological response. quick. personal
49
analytical system
actions based on logic, slow. look at evidence. impersonal
50
biospheric value frame
taking action for the better of the environment
51
social altruistic
we should change for the sake of others. ex: if we dont help, these people will suffer
52
egoistic value
changing for our personal well being. enhance personal status power and independence
53
one sided message
only tellin one side
54
two sided message
telling both sides (best)
55
attitude inoculation
giving a counter argument then refuting it to make your argument stronger.
56
processing fluency
easy to understand by the audience low = blame on the message.
57
curse of knowledge
knowing too much makes it boring, thinking that it is given that other people would understand the expertise of your own.
58
Social validation
changing so that you will fit in. what the excellent people are doin
59
reciprocity
when you are pressured to do something in return because someone gave you something.
60
door in the face technique
ask for something big, then ask for something smaller so that they will most likely say yes cause they feel bad
61
foot in the door technique
ask for something small first, so that you can ask for something bigger later on because that person does not lose consistency in their actions
62
cognitive dissonance theory
experiencing tension when not consistent with actions. will do something to relieve dissonance, --> change belief, action, explanation for why it is ok.
63
hazing
doing something ridiculous against your beliefs in order to get into a group.

Psychology (14 decks)

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