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Psychology > Chapter 13 > Flashcards

Chapter 13 Flashcards

1
Q

social psych

A

the study of how other people influence how we feel, think, and do.

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2
Q

mimicry

A

copying actions, reactions and expressions observed.

transmission from one generation to the next

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3
Q

chameleon effect

A

copying someone else’s behaviour in order to be socially comfortable.
appear more attractive

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4
Q

conformity pressure

A

to behave a certain way influenced by the pressure of other people.

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5
Q

group dynamincs

A

how people can influence the way that we behave

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6
Q

social loafing

A

being around other people cause us to be less productive

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7
Q

how to avoid social loafing

A
  • avoid low efficacy
  • know that everyone is working hard
  • know that the final outcome is important
  • everyone’s role is valuable
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8
Q

social facilitation

A

being around people make you work harder

only good when the task is simple.

when complex, there are conflicts. (public speaking)

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9
Q

groupthink

A

when groups discourage us from sharing ideas

  • pressure
  • being shut down
  • competitive = harsh criticism
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10
Q

consequences of groupthink

A
  • dont address problems
  • pressure those uncertain
  • overconfidence
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11
Q

pressure conformity

A

how pressure of members of a group influence what is being shared.

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12
Q

two bases of pressure conformity

A

normative influence and informative influence

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13
Q

normative influence

A

conforming to be accepted by the members

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14
Q

informative influence

A

conforming to develop same beliefs as members

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15
Q

factors that increase conformity pressure

A
  • female members
  • members that are family or friends
  • when there is uncertainty in the action to be performed
  • when required to express ideas publicly.
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16
Q

bystander effect

A

when people dont wanna help because they think that someone else will.

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17
Q

diffusion of responsibility

A

the more people there are, we feel less obligated to help.

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18
Q

pluralistic ignorance

A

when what you think you should do, is not being done by other people. so you end up not doing it.

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19
Q

Social cognition

A

how people mentally process, perceive and think about other people

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20
Q

prejudice

A

assumptions of someone due to the group they are from

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21
Q

discrimination

A

actions towards those of another group that put them in a disadvantage.

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22
Q

explicit processes of discrimination

A

discrimination coming from your conscious

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23
Q

implicit processes of discrimination

A

discrimination coming from your unconscious. Physiological actions.

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24
Q

implicit association test

A

responding quicker to - words and black people.

rather than white people.

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25
Q

dual process models of social cognition

A

explicit + implicit = overall behaviour.

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26
Q

person perception

A

impression of people, judgements of people.

27
Q

thin slices of behaviour

A

few samples of a persons behaviour.
takes 500 ms to guess the personality from a pic.
50 ms to see sexuality
30 ms for prof.

28
Q

self fulfilling prophecies

A

our actions towards someone cause them to act a certain way, which then ends up fulfilling what u originally thought.

29
Q

false consensus effect

A

when we think that other people have the same beliefs as us.

30
Q

naiive realism

A

when we strongly believe our values are right, and those who oppose are wrong, and don’t know reality.

31
Q

self serving biases

A

biases that boost our esteem in our beliefs and abilities.

when + we take credit, when - we blame others.

32
Q

better than average effect

A

tend to say we better than we think.

33
Q

internal attribution

A

when someone does something -, we blame their innate characteristics.

34
Q

external attribution

A

when we do something -, we blame external factors.

35
Q

fundamental attribution error

A

when we fail to take external attribution into account, and just blame it on their innate characteristics.

36
Q

in group

A

the group u belong to

37
Q

out group

A

the group u not in

38
Q

in group bias

A

viewing other groups as inferior

arises from innate needs (ingrained)
- self esteem, belonging.

39
Q

minimal group paradigm

A

researchers dividing groups into two groups randomly.

told them to divide money. gave more money to those in their in group

40
Q

contact hypothesis

A

by exposing ourselves to other groups and learning about them, we can reduce discrimination

41
Q

we can also reduce discrimination by…

A

broadening our view of our in group.

ex: we as a species is our ingroup

42
Q

elaboration likelihood model

A

central route to persuasion

peripheral route to persuasion

43
Q

central route to persuasion

A

being persuaded by the actual message, without any distractions

44
Q

peripheral route

A

persuaded by things other than the message, physiological responses, our emotions.

45
Q

3 necessities for central route

A
  • no distractions
  • vocab easy to understand
  • capture attention
  • after everything make sure you make it personal
46
Q

construal level theory

A

the idea that people will more likely be persuaded when they are presented with ideas that relate to them on a personal level. (experiences) as well as close to them in time and space.

47
Q

identifiable victim effect

A

showing more concern when there is one person focused on. rather than an entire group suffering.

48
Q

the experiential system

A

actions based off of emotions, physiological response. quick. personal

49
Q

analytical system

A

actions based on logic, slow. look at evidence. impersonal

50
Q

biospheric value frame

A

taking action for the better of the environment

51
Q

social altruistic

A

we should change for the sake of others.

ex: if we dont help, these people will suffer

52
Q

egoistic value

A

changing for our personal well being. enhance personal status power and independence

53
Q

one sided message

A

only tellin one side

54
Q

two sided message

A

telling both sides (best)

55
Q

attitude inoculation

A

giving a counter argument then refuting it to make your argument stronger.

56
Q

processing fluency

A

easy to understand by the audience

low = blame on the message.

57
Q

curse of knowledge

A

knowing too much makes it boring, thinking that it is given that other people would understand the expertise of your own.

58
Q

Social validation

A

changing so that you will fit in. what the excellent people are doin

59
Q

reciprocity

A

when you are pressured to do something in return because someone gave you something.

60
Q

door in the face technique

A

ask for something big, then ask for something smaller so that they will most likely say yes cause they feel bad

61
Q

foot in the door technique

A

ask for something small first, so that you can ask for something bigger later on because that person does not lose consistency in their actions

62
Q

cognitive dissonance theory

A

experiencing tension when not consistent with actions.
will do something to relieve dissonance,

–> change belief, action, explanation for why it is ok.

63
Q

hazing

A

doing something ridiculous against your beliefs in order to get into a group.

Psychology (14 decks)

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