Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Psychology > Chapter 16 > Flashcards

Chapter 16 Flashcards

1
Q

Who are more likely to seek help

A

women > men
Canadian and american > everyone else
2/3 of canadians do not however.
middle ages 35-55 y/os

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

why we dont seek help

A

difficult for someone to accept they have a problem
dont wanna effect the people around us
we are not the same dependable person as we were before
skepticism about the effectiveness of getting help.
cultural stigma
TOP REASON –> money, people find medicine the most affordable.
cant access help from urban centers.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

involuntary treatment

A

being forced to get treated, because they risk their safety or the safety of others.
however may be biased against minority communities.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Clinical psychologists

A

have a Ph. D in clinical psych and they are experts at diagnosing menal disorders and in providing non drug treatments for mental disorders.
not certified to prescribe drugs and perform brain surgery.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

counselling psychs

A

may either have masters or phD level training and they can provide non drug treatments for relatively mild mental disorders and mental health problems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Psychiatrists

A

have a medical degree and are specialists in mental disorder treatment and diagnosis, and they are qualified to prescribe medications.
also do non drug treatments.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

neurosurgeons

A

are specialized in performing brain surgery, dont have expertise in diagnosing mental disorders.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

residential treatment centres

A

people with severe but treatable problems go here so they can go back into the community.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

community psychology

A

working on improving the family and social context that can make the healing development of mental disorders more likely to occur.

how all the environmental factors influence our mental health –> services avail, people around us…
–> community psychs will promote healthy lifestyle practices, family bonding, and skills that support resilience.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Emperically supported treatments

A

are those that have been validated as effected through rigorous scientific investigation.

the treatments we should receive.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

bibliotherapy

A

involves seeking mental health assistance from books or online resources.

all depends on the resource, type of disorder, the person themselves, and what the person does with the advice.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Psychological therapies

A

any technique for improving mental health that doesnt involve either taking medication or having surgery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

insight therapies

A

finding the root cause.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

psychodynamic therapies

A

sigmund freud
seek out the unconscious causes of psychological problems, with the assumption that awareness of the cause of those problems will provide the cure.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Transference

A

analyzing how the client reacts in the social context of the therapy session, so they can determine unconscious conflicts from their past in regards to their relationship with their parents. etc.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

object relations therapy

A

rely on a clients conscious self reflection and what they remember about their past to understand the source of their mental health problems.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Interpersonal Therapy (IPT)

A

Harry stack sullivan
improves clients success in relationships, the therapist interacts with them as a participant observer to determine the social patterns they engage in.

Goal –> develop social skills in realtion to other people and figure out how their mental thoughts get in the way.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Humanistic existential psychotherapy

A

opposes psychodynamic theory.

idea that people will naturally pursue self-fulfillment if they receive enough support, acceptance and encouragement.

the therapist is not so directive, plays a more supportive, coach type of role.

  • -> encourages them to solve problems on their own.
  • -> reach self actualization.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

humanistic approach

A

carl rogers
–> founder of client or person centered psychotherapy.
goal of the therapist is to build a social relationship in which the client can explore the source of their own problems and develop solutions.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Conditions of worth

A

expectation imposed by other people that lead us away from being our true selves and reaching our fullest potential.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Unconditional positive regard

A

the therapist accepts, non judgementally and supportively, all of the views that their clients express.
allows them to be their true selves.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Existentialist psychotherapy

A

the main goal is for a client to confront sources of sadness, discomfort or fear.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

A phenomenological approach

A

the emphasis is on current, ongoing conscious thought, perceptions, and feelings, instead of unconscious conflicts ad long ago experiences.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

emotion focused therapy

A

clients consciously experience - emotions and explore sources of their sadness, anxiety or anger to develop skill in controlling - thoughts and extreme emotional reactions.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

The effectiveness of insight therapies depend on..

A

quality of the relationship between the client and the therapist and on the clients verbal skills

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Behavioural therapies

A

the approach is to determine the rewards or habits that support - behaviours to eliminate those and eplace them with + behaviours

bhaviourist approach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

systematic desesitization

A

eliminating phobias by combining gradual exposure to the source of the phobia with relaxation techniques

28
Q

flooding

A

eliminating phobias through extreme exposure

29
Q

modeling

A

eliminating phboias by seeing someone else with it. and everything turns out ok

30
Q

Virtual Reality Exposure (VRE)

A

educing fear responses through safe exposure using this.

31
Q

aversive conditioning

A

seeking to eliminate - behaviors by replacing the reward people experience with a punishment.

ex: biting finger nails

32
Q

Cognitive behavioural therapy CBT

A

used to treat depression

cognitive base of therapy , behavioral base, and mindfulness based.

33
Q

cognitive base of therapy

A

cognitive restructuring: showing a person how to recognize when their thoughts are irrationally - and to adopt perspective and patterns of thinking that are more productive and hopeful

34
Q

Behavioural base of therapy

A

stress inoculation training: helping a client reduce the severe emotional reactions that they experience when under stress.

not focused on childhood problems
good for mood disorders,OCD, and disorders with addictions

more time saving than insight, no drug effects but sometimes good with drugs such as depression and panic disorder

35
Q

mindfulness based cognitive therapy MBCT

A

developed in canada

goal is to develop greater self awareness and self acceptance through nonjudemental self reflection.

combined mindfulness meditation techniques from eastern cultures with cognitive theraputal techniques.
acceptance of weaknesses and strengths

36
Q

daniel siegal

A

minfulness consists of 4 components
COAL
Curious –> about ones self
open –> accept + and - aspects of one’s self.
accepting –> all the aspects of one’s self, good and bad
loving –> as much as to what makes us flawed and prones to mistakes and our talents.

37
Q

decentering

A

involves procesing ones own behaviours and experiences from a more objetive point of view, which can be a more + perspective for some people.

38
Q

group therapy

A

treating people in groups, lets them know they arent the only ones, those with similar challenges.

39
Q

family therapy

A

which members of a family seek therapy to resolve problems.

effective if members are showing maladaptive beavior because of the relationship that exists between them.

40
Q

a systems approach to psychotherapy

A

approach assumes that psychological problems are not only caused by the person suffering themselves?, but can also emerge from the actions of other people in their lives

41
Q

Psychopharmacotherapy

A

taking medications that are known to influence neurological processes to help reduce mental health problems

42
Q

psychotic drugs

A

prescription medications that can influence brain processes by crossing the blood brain barrier

effects the brain by influencing NT levels in the brain’s synapses
–> increase or decrease in getting AP

43
Q

antidepressant drugs

A

treating symptoms of major depression

Increase amount of serotonin, NE, dopamine

44
Q

ex. of antidepressant drugs

A

monoamine oxidase inhibitors
tricyclic antidepressants
selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors

45
Q

monoamine oxidase inhibitors

A

stops MOA from breaking down NE and dopamin, and serotonin

46
Q

tricyclic antidepressants

A

block reuptake of serotonin and NE

47
Q

SSRIs

A

reuptake of serotonin in brain’s synapses. (recycle)

48
Q

mood stabilizers

A

treating the extreme ups and downs of bipolar disorder.

49
Q

examples of mood stabilizers

A

lithium, valproate –> reduce mania symp.

50
Q

antianxiety drugs

A

treat symptoms of anxiety disorders

enhance the capacity of GABA –> reduces chances of neurons to fire

51
Q

antipsychotic drugs

A

treat symptoms of psychosis, including hallucinations, delusions, and other bizarre behaviors and thoughts that reflect a loss of contact with reality.

may also be applied to ppl with bipolar disorder.

52
Q

examples of antipsychotic drugs

A

haldol, thorazine

blocked dopamine site,

long term use = tardive dyskinesia

53
Q

tardive dyskinesia

A 
protrusions and rolling of the tongue
involuntary sucked and smacking of lips
involuntary chewing motions
facial tics
involuntary limb movements
54
Q

atypical antipsychotics

A

have fewer side effects than antipsychotic drugs.

only work with 50% of those with psychotic symp. effects get weaker over time

55
Q

ex. of atypical antipsychotics

A

clozapine

–> reduce activity of dopamine and serotonin receptor sites.

56
Q

Frontal lobotomy

A

removal or disconnection of regions of the brain’s cortex

57
Q

Dr. Antonio Moniz

A

Damagin the prefrontal cortex may be good for treating mental psychosis and other mental disorders.

Leucotomy

58
Q

Leucotomy

A

drilling holes into patient’s skull and inserting a wire loop called the loopatone and spinning the wire around to destroy the underlying brain tissue

59
Q

Dr. Walter Freeman and James Watts

A

created a variation of moniz’s technique, Trans-orbital (icepick) lobotomy

60
Q

Icepick Lobotomy

A

used eye sockes as a way to get to the brain tissue
when inserted, the ice pick was pushed through by banging it with a hammer and into the brain, Trying to detach the prefrontal lobes.

did not perform with anesthetic, used electricity to stimulate brain seizures to figure out the location

61
Q

The lobotomobile

A

40 000 ppl

death of 15% of patients

62
Q

Focal Lesions

A

involves destroying small areas of the brain and only used in quite severe cases of disorder

63
Q

anterior cingulotomy

A

destroying cells in the anterior cingulate cortex for severe cases of depression, anxiety, and obsessive compulsive disorder

area is overactive in people with these disorders

a treatment used when no other treatments seem to be working

64
Q

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)

A

an electric current is passed through a person’s brain to stimulate a seizure

effective at treating severe cases of major depression

65
Q

transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)

A

when stimulating regions of the frontal lobes, this technique can also reduce major depression symps.

a magnetic field is used to temporarily disable or stimulate particular regions of the brain

reduce depression symp by stim frontal lobes.

66
Q

deep brain stimulation (DBS)

A

involves stimulating specific brain areas with electricity

can result in very fast and sig reduction in symps of depression and OCD

risk some brain damage, internal bleeding and infections due to wire inserted into the brain.
–> may cause aggression and depression as a result.

Psychology (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions