Chapter 14

Question 1

Health psychology

Answer 1

how behavior, thought, and emotions can influence a person’s physical health
OR
how physical health can influence our behavior, thoughts and emotions.

Question 2

risks of smoking

Answer 2

increased risk of lung and mouth cancer.

heart disease, stroke, blindness
emphysema

21% of deaths

Question 3

Media

Answer 3

warning labels are not good

pictures are better –> 40%

vaping as well

Question 4

BMI

Answer 4

kg/height (m2)

<18.5 = underweight
18.5 - 24.9 = healthy
25-29.9 = overweight
>30 = obese

25% canadians are obese

Question 5

heritability in family studies for body size

Answer 5

0.5-0.9

Question 6

Critical factor to success at maintaining a healthy body weight

Answer 6

exercise

Question 7

% to eat more snacks as a result of watching commercials between cartoons

Answer 7

45%

Question 8

social isolation

Answer 8

same level of risk as smoking and obesity

Question 9

risk of diseases and cancer in unmarried m and f

Answer 9

m 250%

f 50%

Question 10

social contagion

Answer 10

behaviors spread through social interactions

Question 11

stress

Answer 11

a reaction that arises from the perception that our abilities or mental resources are insufficient for meeting the demands of a situation

Question 12

Richard lazarus and susan folkman

Answer 12

the cognitive appraisal theory of stress

Question 13

the cognitive appraisal theory of stress

Answer 13

Two stages:
primary appraisal and secondary appraisal
1. reaction when we feel stress from something, stopping us from meeting our goals.
- if it really is a threat or not
2. how we deal with the threat

Question 14

holmes and rahe

Answer 14

social readjustment rating scale
death of a spouse is the highest one
>300 = increased risk for developing heart problems and illnesses.

Question 15

walter cannon

Answer 15

flight or flight

Question 16

hans selye

Answer 16

general adaptation syndrome

Question 17

general adaptation syndrome

Answer 17

3 stages
alarm phase
resistance phase
exhaustion phase

Question 18

Hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis

Answer 18

hypothalamus (corticotrophin hormone) –> ant pit. (andreocorticotrophic hormone) –> adrenal cortex (cortisol)

Question 19

oxytocin

Answer 19

women secrete more of this because of concern of children

suppresses arousal related hormones such as andrenocorticotrophin hormone and cortisol

Question 20

vasopressin

Answer 20

suppresses the release of arousal related hormones E and NE

Question 21

psychoneuroimmunology

Answer 21

study of the effect of the mind on health and resistance to disease

Question 22

anagrams

Answer 22

REGAG =GARAGE
higher level of cortisol = more snacking
snacking relies on reward system dopamine
cortisol suppresses pleasure center thats why we snack

Question 23

Two personality types that respond to stressors

Answer 23

Type A and B
A –> high on impatience and anxiety. frustrated easily, competitive and motivated to compete at high levels
B –> easy going, not competitive, patient and not motivated to achieve a high level

A more likely to get heart disease

Question 24

coping

Answer 24

ability to manage stress responses and the - events that create these responses

Question 25

two types of coping

Answer 25

problem focused coping | emotion focused coping

Question 26

problem focused

Answer 26

creating an action to meet the challenge

Question 27

emotion focused

Answer 27

engaging in strategies to reduce one's - emotional reactions Ex: focusing on the + memories of a dead loved one

Question 28

positive psych

Answer 28

area of psych that focuses on what makes us strong in the face of challenges, failure and tragedy

Question 29

barbara frederickson

Answer 29

how we see the world and what we pay attention to depends on if we are in a - or + mood. BROADEN AND BUILD THEORY OF + EMOTIONS

Question 30

BROADEN AND BUILD THEORY OF + EMOTIONS

Answer 30

+ mood = respond to life's challenges better, big picture, good for creativity and problem solving - only pay attention to little details, narrow attention

Question 31

nun study

Answer 31

same lifestyle, | journalling --> those who were optimistic lived longer

Question 32

5 Personality traits and coping

Answer 32

neuroticism: high = decreased coping - affective -tivity. openness: high = increased coping - develop better understanding of themselves conscientiousness: high = increased coping - more control over - emotions --> distancing agreeableness: high = increased coping - take advantage of interpersonal relationships extraversion: high = increased coping - willing to seek help

Question 33

resilience

Answer 33

capacity to adjust to and recover from tragic traumatizing experiences

Question 34

Viktor Frankl

Answer 34

austrian psychologist who was sent to a concentration camp noticed prisoners didnt survive unless they found purpose in their life - encouraging others, art, giving up dreams.

Question 35

post traumatic growth

Answer 35

as a result of major life challenges 1. wisdom and skill 2. see how strong they are 3. value life more

Question 36

biofeedback

Answer 36

developing skill in controlling stress reactions by using recording devices to view one's physiological responses. measures HR, breathing rate, muscle tension

Question 37

mindfulness-based stress reductions (MBSR)

Answer 37

increase association between one's thought and the physiological process occurring throughout one's body. selective attention - too focused on ur toe.

Question 38

integrated mind-body training (IMBT)

Answer 38

inspired by yoga maintaining specific postures and engaging in breathing exercises. enhances personal control --> useful when put under pressure those who take part regularly decreased physiological arousal

Question 39

brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)

Answer 39

protein that supports the creation of new synapses in the brain.

Question 40

Martin Seligman

Answer 40

Dogs and shock | learned helplessness

Question 41

learned helplessness

Answer 41

pessimistic indivs or depressed indivs dont feel as though their actions will improve their situation.

Question 42

compensatory control

Answer 42

strategies for bringing a sense of order and meaning when it seems as though events are random and chaotic. computer feedback study

Question 43

James pennebaker

Answer 43

studied 60 laid off workers. having a deep understanding of a difficult situation and ones emotional reaction to this situation, provides structure and order of this events.