chapter 15 Flashcards
mhc 2 is only on
some wbc
why do t cell receptors have unique mhc
stochastic process
function of MHC1
to make sure all the cells are health
-show your proteins to T cells by putting them on receptors on cell surface
-infection or cancer would change your protein and T would act
what is clonal selection
antigen enters, finds the clone that fits it and then that clone proliferates for an immune response
how are lymphocytes made?
instructions in your genetic material, make billion of copies, self binding removed through MU and then clone waits to be used
what IS IG made of
glycoprotein
which genes are selected to be active in the mature cell?
V and D
what is the t cell receptor for atigen?
one arm of the imunoglobulin/ 2 parallel polypeptide chains
where do b cells home to
spleen, lymph nodes and galt
what doesnt have MHC2?
t cell
what is an antigen that induces an immune response
immunogen
what small molecule interacts with antigen binding site?
epitope
what is an example of allo antigen
blood type
-a antigen that is distinct per person (A, B O etc)
-makes blood transfusions incompatible
illnesses that promote superantigen response
rhumatic fever, scarlet fever, toxic ss
what is an autoantigen
a substance made by the body that normally has no immune response but triggers an immune response when you mistake it for bacteria and attack yourself (strep)
where are antigen presenting cells, and where do they encounter antigens
lymphatic tissue
t cell activation
-mhc2 on apc surface
-present to t helper cell
-active t release IL 1
-mhc 2 antigen on APC binds to T receptor then CD4 hooks to mhc 2
what causes the self recognition during t helper cell activation
the cd4 hooking into position
b cell activation
-binds and phagocytoses bacteria
-presents it on it’s mhc 2 molecule to present to T helper witht he correct receptor
-without the helper presentation the B cell can not activate
-mhc2 bind to t cell receptor and cd4
-t cell makes interleukin and b cell activation (GF)
-b cell proliferates
-makes memory and plasma B
-first make IgM
what does Fc bind to
molecule and cells of immune system
opsonization
coating micro oragnism with specific antibodies to be recognizable
-more phagocytosis
neutralization
antibody takes up the active site on the surface receptors to prevent attach to host cells
what is in some parts fo the FC
regions for fixing complement
-the Fc binding may release cytokines
monomers
igG, igA, igM
