Chapter 15/16- Evolution

Question 1

Natural selection acts upon ___

Answer 1

Phenotypes

Question 2

Evidence of evolution (5)

Answer 2

• homologous structures
• analogous structures
• vestigial structures
• embyologic similarities
• macromolecules

Question 3

Chemosynthetic

Answer 3

Use organic molecules as a source of energy instead of the sun light

Question 4

Convergent evolution

Answer 4

Appear similar but aren’t closely related

Similar environments select similar traits

Question 5

Homologous structures

Answer 5

Similar features

Share a common ancestor

Question 6

When the bell curve kinda splits down the middle… Higher in the extreme areas ( n -> m)

Answer 6

Disruptive selection

Question 7

When the bell curve narrows it’s ____

Answer 7

Stabilizing selection

Question 8

How many mass extinctions have their been

Answer 8

5

Question 9

Species :

Answer 9

• physically similar

- successfully interbreed

Question 10

Postzygotic isolation

Answer 10

Barrier between interbreeding

Question 11

Embryological similarities

Answer 11

Show genes organisms have in common

Question 12

Genetic drift

Answer 12

Several alleles r lost in the population due to a random event

(Tree falling over/storm)

Question 13

Analogous structure

Answer 13

Similar features

Don’t share common ancestors

(Proves that environments select certain abilities)

Question 14

Vestigial structures

Answer 14

Organisms still have

No longer useful

Question 15

When the bell curve shifts to another side

Answer 15

Directional selection

Question 16

Variation

Answer 16

Any difference between organisms

Question 17

Evidence for evolution

Answer 17

• fossils
• biochem
• vesiigial

Question 18

Natural selection ___ evolution

Answer 18

Drives

Question 19

A process called _____ allows new species to be made

Answer 19

Speciation

Question 20

4 steps of Darwinian Natural selection

Answer 20

• Over production
• Variation
• Competition
• reproduction

Question 21

Directional selection

Answer 21

One extreme form of the trait is best

Question 22

Divergent evolution

Answer 22

Related populations or species become less and less like

Question 23

Coevolution

Answer 23

Two or more species in a close association work with one another and change together

-predator/prey

Question 24

Darwin theory

Answer 24

-descent with modification due to natural selection

Question 25

Endosymbiosis

Answer 25

Organisms live inside each other

Ex host sells

Question 26

Smallest unit that can evolve

Answer 26

Population

Question 27

Stabilizing selection

Answer 27

Nature selects the most average trait to be the best

Ex human baby size

Question 28

absolute age

Answer 28

Radioactive dating

Question 29

Lamarck hypothesis

Answer 29

Inheritance of acquired traits

Ex. U run build a ton of muscle-> ur offspring already has a ton of muscle

Question 30

Disruptive selection

Answer 30

Average is the worst to have

Question 31

Relative age

Answer 31

Will be based on its position in the rocks layers

Ex Grand Canyon

Question 32

3 steps of speciation

Answer 32

• geographic isolation
• separate evolutionary adaptives
• reproductive isolation