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Biology > Chapter 2- Organic Molecules > Flashcards

Chapter 2- Organic Molecules Flashcards

1
Q

How many covalent bonds does carbon form?

A

4 ⚽️💚⚽️

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2
Q

What does the covalent bond form thingy look like?? ( sorry don’t know proper name)

A

C-C-C-C

-All in a row

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3
Q

Name the four types of macromolecules…

A
  • Carbohydrates
  • Lipids
  • Proteins
  • Nucleic Acids
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4
Q

Sugars are also know as __________

A

Saccharides

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5
Q

Name the 3 types of carbohydrates

A
  • Monosaccharides
  • Disaccharides
  • Polysaccharides

👏🏼👏🏼 good job!! Keep up the hard work!!! It’ll all pay off in the end

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6
Q

What’s the main part of Carbohydrates??

A

Carbon

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7
Q

What’s the common form forCarbohydrates look like??

A

C H O

x y z

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8
Q

Isomer

A
  • Compounds with the same molecular formula

- but with different structures

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9
Q

What r two examples of Isomers (Carbohydrate related)

A
  • Glucose

- Fructose

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10
Q

How many rings do Monosaccharides have??

A

Uno o 1

😉

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11
Q

3 examples of monosaccharides are______

A
  • Glucose
  • Fructose
  • Galactose

Even honey is a monosaccharide

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12
Q

How many rings does a disaccharide have??

A

2

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13
Q

3 examples of Disaccharides are________

A
  • Sucrose (table sugar)
  • Lactose
  • Maltose
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14
Q

Polysaccharides have how many rings??

A

Many, more then 3

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15
Q

Examples of Polysaccharides

A
  • Potatoes
  • Pasta
  • Rice
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16
Q

What is Cellulose used for??

A

In plants for:

  • structure
  • Support
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17
Q

Glycogen is used in _______

A

Animals for energy storage

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18
Q

A use of carbohydrates are____

A

-Energgy

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19
Q

Carbohydrates give a(n) ________ amount of energy

A

Extended

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20
Q

Example of a simple carbohydrate________

A

Sugars 🍭🍭

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21
Q

Examples of complex carbohydrates are_____\

A
  • Bread 🍞

- Pasta 🍜

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22
Q

Lipid are made of

A
  • Carbon
  • Hydrogen
  • Oxygen
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23
Q

Building blocks of lipids are___________\

A
  • 1 Glycerol

- 3 fatty acids

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24
Q

Fats store energy for ___ periods of time

A

Long

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25
Q

Carbohydrates are very ______ in water

A

Soluble

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26
Q

Fats are ________ in water

A

Insoluble

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27
Q

How many bonds does a saturated fat have??

A
  • only single
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28
Q

Unsaturated fats have_____

A

Double bonds

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29
Q

Which type of fat is healthier for us??

A
  • Unsaturated fats
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30
Q

Proteins are made of ___________

A
  • carbon
  • hydrogen
  • oxygen
  • nitrogen
  • sulfur
31
Q

Building blocks of proteins are called ______

A
  • amino acids
32
Q

Proteins make up______\

A

Enzymes

33
Q

How many natural amino acids are there??

A

20

34
Q

Our bodies produce how many non-essential amino acids??

A

-12

35
Q

How many essential amino acids are there??

A

-8

36
Q

How muster we get our essential amino acids??

A

Through the foods we eat

37
Q

Polypeptide

A

Linked amino acids

38
Q

3 examples of proteins are_____

A
  • Collagen
  • Karetin
  • Meat/beans etc
39
Q

DNA and RNA r made up of_____

A
  • Carbon
  • Hydrogen
  • Oxygen
  • Nitrogen
  • Phosphorous
40
Q

How many types of Nitrogen bases are there??

A

5

41
Q

Sugar is also known as _____

A

Deoxyribose

42
Q

DNA is located in the ______

A

Nucleus

43
Q

Sugar in RNA is know as

A

Ribose

44
Q

The RNA is located_______

A
  • nucleus

- cytoplasm

45
Q

Dehydration Synthesis

A

Linking molecules by removing water

46
Q

Hydrolysis

A

Process of breaking water in a monomer to split it apart

47
Q

Monomer

A

Subunit that makes up polymers

48
Q

Polymers are all made by

A

Dehydration synthesis

Good job!!! Keep up the hard work!!! 🍫🍫

49
Q

What r 2 main things found in a living cell?

A
  • chemicals (30%)

- H2O (70%)

50
Q

Indicators test for what??

A

Pretense of organic compounds

51
Q

Iodine causes starches to

A

To turn blue-black

52
Q

Benedicts solution causes monosaccharides to turn_________

A
  • green 💚
  • orange🏀
  • yellow 💛
53
Q

Biurets solution causes proteins to turn _______

A

-blue-violet

54
Q

Two types of Nucleic acids are_____

A
  • RNA

- DNA

55
Q

What’s the simplest carbohydrate??

A

Monosaccharides

56
Q

Starch is a ________

A

Complex sugar

57
Q

Lipids building blocks are_________

A
  • 1 glycerol

- 3 fatty acids

58
Q

Proteins have _______ in them

A
  • Nitrogen
59
Q

Amino acids make up ______

A

Proteins

60
Q

An a-Helix is_______

A

Proteins folded together

61
Q

B- pleated are______

A

Folded over themselves to make sheets

62
Q

Collagen makes up____

A
  • Cartilage
  • Tendons
  • Skins
  • Bones
63
Q

Keratin makes up _____

A
  • Hair
  • Feathers
  • Horns
64
Q

Enzymes speed up _______

A

Chemical reactions

65
Q

ON YOUR OWN LEARN HOW TO RECOGNIZE DIFFERENT STRUCTURES !!

A 
For
- nucleotides
-fats
- carbss
-
66
Q

What organic molecule r enzymes made of??

A

Proteins

67
Q

What are enzymes responsible for??

A
  • responsible for all reactions in body
68
Q

Enzymes act as

A

Catalysts

69
Q

The initial input energy needed to break bonds is called _____

A

Activation energy

70
Q

Enzymes act on

A

Substrates

71
Q

The place where substrate fit is called ____

A

An active site

72
Q

Denature

A

When a protein breaks down because it loses its original shape

73
Q

Elements of life acronym

A
  • C
  • H
  • N
  • O
  • P
  • S

Biology (24 decks)

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