Chapter 15

Question 1

Education

Answer 1

Social institution through which society provides its members with important knowledge including basic facts job skills and cultural norms and values

Question 2

Schooling

Answer 2

Formal instruction under the direction of specially trained teachers

Question 3

Which of the following statements correctly characterizes schooling in rural India

Answer 3

Schooling is considered less important for girls than it is for boys

Question 4

The fact that historically schooling had been most common among elites is suggested by the fact that the Greek root of the word school means ____

Answer 4

Leisure

Question 5

The extent of schooling in any particular country is most closely tied to which of the following factors

Answer 5

The country’s level of economic development

Question 6

Structural functional theory focuses on what ways in which schooling supports smooth operation and stability of society

Answer 6

Socialization, cultural innovation, social integration, social placement, latent functions

Question 7

Symbolic interaction theory

Answer 7

People crest the reality they experience in their day to day interactions

Question 8

3 ways social conflict theory challenges the structural functional idea

Answer 8

Social control, standardized testing, and tracking

Question 9

To the extent that schooling rewards talent and hard work regardless of social background and provides a path to upward social mobility, it co tributes to our society’s

Answer 9

Meritocracy

Question 10

Which of the following statements is consistent with the symbolic-interaction approach to understanding schooling

Answer 10

Stereotypes in the classroom can affect student performance

Question 11

Which of the following factors has the greatest effect on student performance in school

Answer 11

The students home and local neighborhood environment

Question 12

As a result of the policy of ____ Daniel who does not do well on standardized tests will be placed in less challenging classes as he does through school

Answer 12

Educational tracking

Question 13

Which of the following statements most closely reflects the social conflict approach to schooling

Answer 13

Having a college defense is at least as much a reflection of social privilege as it is a reflection of personal talent

Question 14

5 ways large bureaucratic schools undermine education

Answer 14

Rigid uniformitity, numerical ratings, rigid expectations, specialization, little individual responsibility

Question 15

Functional illiteracy

Answer 15

A lack of the reading and writing skills needed for everyday living

Question 16

Mainstreaming

Answer 16

Integrating students either disabilities or special needs into the overall educational program

Question 17

COVID had what effect on schooling in the US

Answer 17

The pandemic shut down schools for up to 2 years keeping kids at home and depriving them of learning and social companionship

Question 18

Jared’s teacher is concerned that giving him a D on paper, while an accurate assessment of Jared’s work on the assignment, will harm his self esteem and discourage him from continuing to try to do better in papers so she give him a C+ this is encouraging

Answer 18

Grade inflation

Question 19

According to the department of education about ____ percent of US adults lack basic reading and writing skills to the point that they may be considered functionally illiterate

Answer 19

19

Question 20

In a 2021 national survey of US adults asked to assess “the effect of K-12 public schools on the way things are going in this country” in response ___ percent of respondent chose positive and ____ percent chose negative

Answer 20

61; 38

Question 21

Simon a 10th grader has had bad hearing since birth. Instead of learning at a special needs school he goes to public and takes class for a regular curriculum. His local school district pays for an adult sign language to come to class with him. In sociological terms Simon’s experience is part of the educational policy known as

Answer 21

Mainstreaming

Question 22

Medicine

Answer 22

The social institutions that focuses on fighting disease and improving health

Question 23

Health

Answer 23

A state of complete physical mental and social well being

Question 24

4 ways society affects people’s health

Answer 24

Cultural patterns
Cultural standards of health change over time
A society’s technology affects people’s health
Social inequality affects people’s health

Question 25

Social epidemiology

Answer 25

The study of how health and disease are distributed throughout a society’s population

Question 27

Eating disorder

Answer 27

A physical and mental disorder that involves intense dieting or other u healthy methods of weight control driven by the desire to be very thin

Question 28

Mercy killing euthanasia)

Answer 28

Assisting in the death of a person suffering from an incurable disease

Question 29

What was the consequence of the Industrial Revolution on the patterns of human health

Answer 29

Although initially health in cities was poor, patterns of health gradually improved as living standards rose

Question 30

People in sub Saharan Africa considered the contagious skin disease haws to be normal because it was such a common disorder there. This fact demonstrates that...

Answer 30

Cultural patterns define heath and illness

Question 31

Which of the following is a correct example that women generally have better health than men through the life course

Answer 31

Women display less aggression and impatience than men do

Question 32

What important role did John Snow play in the field of social medicine

Answer 32

In 1854 snow discovered that all of London’s cholera victims had consumed contaminated water from the same well

Question 33

How has the relative importance of cancer as a cause of death varied over the years

Answer 33

It was only the eighth leading cause of death in 1900 but by 2019 it was the second in the US

Question 34

Holistic medicine

Answer 34

An approach to health care that emphasizes the prevention of illness and takes into account a persons entire physical and social environment

Question 35

Integrative health care (holistic medicine)

Answer 35

Treat patients as people, encourage responsibility not dependency, and provide personal treatment

Question 36

Socialized medicine

Answer 36

Medical care system in which the government owns and operates most medical facilities and employs most physicians

Question 37

Direct fee system

Answer 37

A medical care system in which patients pay directly for the services of physicians and hospitals

Question 38

Health maintenance organization

Answer 38

An organization that provides comprehensive medical care to subscribers for a fixed fee

Question 39

The founding of which organization in 1847 had the effect of limiting the practice of medicine almost entirely to white makes from privileged backgrounds

Answer 39

American medical association

Question 40

In which do the following countries is the use of holistic medicine most widespread and under government control

Answer 40

People’s republic of china

Question 41

Which country established a dual system policy in 1948 by which all citizens are entitled to medical care provided by the government but those who can afford to do so may go to private doctors and hospitals

Answer 41

Great Britain

Question 42

Medicaid is a us gov run program that provides medical benefits to

Answer 42

People with low income

Question 43

What is the most basic reason that the us does not have a government based national health care program that provides universal care

Answer 43

Our culture has long stressed individual responsibility and self reliance

Question 44

Sick role

Answer 44

Patterns of behavior defined as appropriate for people who are ill

Question 45

According to ___ theory, in a capitalist society class position makes all the difference in the quality of health for the population

Answer 45

Social conflict

Question 46

The most recent national survey on governments responsibility to provide health care for all shows that _____% of us adults think this is a government responsibility and ____% think this is not

Answer 46

56;43

Question 48

A global ranking of nations based on the share of young people who complete a college degree that was conducted in 2000 placed the United States as second (behind Norway). A second study, completed in 2019, ranked the United States as _ _ out of forty-five high-income nations.

Answer 48

Sixteenth

Question 49

Regarding theory, _ looks at ways in which formal education supports the operation and stability of society.

Answer 49

structural-functional analysis

Question 50

Which of the following is an example of a latent function of schooling?

Answer 50

providing child care for much of the day so that parents are able to work outside the home

Question 51

Social-conflict theory claims that, in the United States, public education became more important in the late nineteenth century when

Answer 51

Factory owners needed a skilled, obedient, and disciplined workforce

Question 52

When applied to the topic of education, social-conflict analysis explains which of the following?

Answer 52

how schooling both causes and perpetuates social inequality

Question 53

Which of the following statements about the interplay of politics and schooling is correct?

Answer 53

Conservatives are critical of public education as a near-monopoly; progressives favor government-based education.

Question 54

The long-term problems linked to dropping out of school are correctly suggested by which of the following statements?

Answer 54

About one-third of the U.S. prison population is people who have dropped out of school.

Question 55

The opinion of U.S. adults as to where responsibility for providing people with health care lies reflects political party affiliation. Which statement below correctly describes the results of a 2022 national survey on this issue?

Answer 55

Among Democrats, 81 percent say providing health care to everyone is the government's responsibility; among Republicans, 30 percent say the same.

Question 56

There is widespread support for the government providing health care assistance involving which of the following policies or programs?

Answer 56

Medicare (for older people) and Medicaid (for people with low-income)

Question 57

Which of the following statements regarding family income and health is correct?

Answer 57

80 percent of adults living in families with an annual income over $100,000 describe their health as "excellent" or "very good." Just 54 percent of those living in families with incomes below $35,000 say the same.

Question 58

Support for public education in the United States is shaped by political party affiliation. In the same survey, _ percent of Democrats saw public schools in a positive light compared to _ of Republicans.

Answer 58

77; 42

Question 59

Cigarette smoking is known to increase the risk of complications from COVID-19. More seriously, smoking is linked to many deaths each year in the United States. What is the annual death toll due to cigarette smoking?

Answer 59

480,000

Question 60

Approximately _____ people in the United States have no medical insurance at all, even though almost half of the people without insurance are working full time

Answer 60

28 million

Question 61

A medical care system in which the government owns and operates most medical facilities and employs most physicians is commonly called

Answer 61

socialized medicine

Question 62

For the world as a whole, life expectancy has increased from forty-eight years in 1950 to. Years today

Answer 62

73

Question 63

Which of the following statements applies the symbolic-interaction approach to schooling?

Answer 63

If teachers think some category of students is superior, those same students may end up doing superior work.

Question 64

It is correct to say that the medical establishment in the United States is oriented towards which of the following?

Answer 64

Scientific medicine

Question 65

Getting into college in Japan, compared to the United States, is more a matter of ________

Answer 65

erformance on achievement tests.

Question 66

In the United States, how does life expectancy of white people compare to that of black people?

Answer 66

It is about four years longer.

Question 67

If you were to visit a low-income nation to study its high death rates, what would you find to be the most common causes of death?

Answer 67

infectious diseases

Question 68

Magnet schools encourage ________

Answer 68

students to specialize in specific areas of study

Question 69

In India, compared to the United States, a larger share of young people go to college.

Answer 69

False

Question 70

The U.S. health care system is one example of the model called socialized medicine.

Answer 70

False

Question 71

People with more money to spend are more likely to become obese.

Answer 71

False

Question 72

A larger share of young people graduates from high school in Japan than in the United States.

Answer 72

True

Question 73

AIDS kills more people in the United States each year than various diseases caused by cigarette smoking.

Answer 73

False

Question 74

Currently, there is a surplus of teachers in the United States.

Answer 74

False

Question 75

According to the ___ approach illness is dysfunctional for society because it reduces the ability of people to perform their roles

Answer 75

Structural functional

Question 76

Who or what should be responsible for providing and paying for health care? As a general pattern people on the left side see this as a responsibility as the ___ and people on the right ___

Answer 76

Government; individuals themselves

Question 77

In a 2022 national survey what share of us adults said that making sure everyone has health care coverage should be a responsibility of the federal government

Answer 77

56%