Chapter 15 A&P

Question 1

Which nervous system occurs subconsciously? (Autonomic or Somatic)

Answer 1

Autonomic- cardiac, smooth, most exocrine glands, endocrine glands, adipose tissue

Question 2

Which nervous system occurs with skeletal muscle?

Answer 2

Somatic

Question 3

What does the neuron release in the somatic nervous system?

Answer 3

Acetylcholine or ACh

Question 4

FYI

Answer 4

Question 5

How do you know you’re in the Autonomic Nervous System?

Answer 5

Two neuron chain

Question 6

What are the 2 neurons called in the ANS?

Answer 6

Preganglionic and Postganglionic neuron

Question 7

Preganglionic neuron:

Answer 7

Synapses with the cell body of the postganglionic fiber in a ganglion outside the CNS.

Question 8

Postganglionic neuron:

Answer 8

Sends axons that end on the effector organ.

Question 9

What are the two subdivisions of the ANS?

Answer 9

Sympathetic and Parasympathetic

Question 10

FYI

Answer 10

Question 11

FYI

Answer 11

Question 12

What is the main function of the ANS?

Answer 12

To maintain homeostasis

Question 13

What detects stimuli from blood vessels and internal organs?

Answer 13

The visceral sensory portion of the ANS

Question 14

What transmits nerve signals to cardiac muscle, smooth muscle, and glands?

Answer 14

Autonomic motor portion

Question 15

FYI: Try to memorize this slide

Answer 15

Question 16

Which division:
-prepares the body for emergencies
-increased alertness and metabolic activity
- “Three E’s”: emergency, exercise, or excitement

Answer 16

Sympathetic division

Question 17

Which division:
- functions to maintain homeostasis at rest
- energy conservation and replenishing stage

Answer 17

Parasympathetic division

Question 18

Where do all nerves physically come off?

Answer 18

Thoracolumbar

Question 19

What are sympathetic trunks lateral to?

Answer 19

The vertebral column

Question 20

Where is the prevertebral ganglia located?

Answer 20

Immediately anterior to the vertebral column

Question 21

What is “rest and digest” a part of? (Nervous system)

Answer 21

Parasympathetic nervous system

Question 22

What division is the Ganglia associated with?

Answer 22

The Parasympathetic division

Question 23

FYI

Answer 23

Question 24

What are the “three E’s”?

Answer 24

Excitement
Exercise
Emergency

Question 25

What is the goal of the sympathetic nervous system?

Answer 25

Increase flow of oxygenated, nutrient-rich blood to the muscles

Question 26

What is the goal of the parasympathetic nervous system?

Answer 26

Slowing down activities, increase digestion

Question 27

What do pupils do in the sympathetic nervous system?

Answer 27

Dilate

Question 28

Which nervous system promotes digestive and urinary activities?

Answer 28

Parasympathetic nervous system

Question 29

What is dual innervation?

Answer 29

When organs are innervated by both divisions of ANS.

Question 30

Parasympathetic and sympathetic effects are usually...

Answer 30

antagonistic.

Question 31

What systems are controlled *only* by the sympathetic nervous division?

Answer 31

ABE: - Adrenal medulla - Blood vessels - Effectors of skin

Question 32

True or False: ANS is an independent nervous system.

Answer 32

False. It is regulated by the CNS.

Question 33

What 4 regions of the CNS is the ANS influenced by?

Answer 33

Cerebrum, Hypothalamus, Brainstem, and Spinal Cord

Question 34

In what CNS region is the ANS affected by conscious activities?

Answer 34

Cerebrum

Question 35

What is the central structure involved with the ANS?

Answer 35

Hypothalamus

Question 36

What region mediates major ANS reflexes?

Answer 36

The Brainstem

Question 37

What controls changes in heart rate, pupil size, and eye lens shape for focusing?

Answer 37

Brainstem

Question 38

What controls changes in blood pressure, blood vessel diameter, and digestion?

Answer 38

Brainstem