Chapter 5 A&P

Question 1

What does the integumentary system do?

Answer 1

• Maintains body’s integrity
• Maintains temp
• Sensory information
• Maintains homeostasis

Question 2

What is the skin covering the outer surface of the body called?

Answer 2

Integument

Question 3

What is another word for integument?

Answer 3

Cutaneous membrane

Question 4

Derm=

Answer 4

Skin

Question 5

What does the thickness of skin range from?

Answer 5

1.5 mm - 4.0 mm+ (depending on the location)

Question 6

What are the 3 layers of the Integument?

Answer 6

1. Epidermis
2. Dermis
3. Subcutaneous/Hypodermis

Question 7

Which Integument is stratified squamous epithelium?

Answer 7

Epidermis

Question 8

Which Integument is a deeper layer, primarily dense irregular CT?

Answer 8

Dermis

Question 9

Which Integument is NOT part of the integumentary system?

Answer 9

Subcutaneous/Hypodermis

Question 10

What 2 kinds of CT is Subcutaneous/Hypodermis integument made up of?

Answer 10

Areolar & Adipose

Question 11

What does “epi” mean?

Answer 11

Outside

Question 12

What does avascualar mean?

Answer 12

No blood supply (like the surface of the skin)

Question 13

Which layer is vascular? (has blood)

Answer 13

The Dermis

Question 14

Where do you find epidermal ridges?

Answer 14

Fingers (fingerprint)

Question 15

What are the 4 major types of cells contained in the epidermis?

Answer 15

1. Keratinocytes
2. Melanocytes
3. Intraepidermal macrophages
4. Tactile epithelial cells

Question 16

What is keratin?

Answer 16

A tough fibrous protein that provides protection

Question 17

What are melanin produced by?

Answer 17

Melanocytes

Question 18

What participates in immune responses?

Answer 18

Intraepidermal macrophages

Question 19

What do tactile epithelial cells function in?

Answer 19

In the sensation of touch

Question 20

What are the layers from deep to superficial?

Answer 20

Stratum: Basale, Spinosum, Granulosum, Lucidum, Corneum

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Question 21

What layer is like the “basement”?

Answer 21

Stratum Basale

Question 22

What layer separates the epidermis from the dermis?

Answer 22

Stratum Basale

Question 23

Which layer does Mitosis occur?

Answer 23

Stratum Basale

Question 24

How many layers is the stratum basale?

Answer 24

Single layer

Question 25

How many layers is the Stratum spinosum?

Answer 25

8-10 layers

Question 26

Which layer is 3-5 layers thick and the first layer of keratinization?

Answer 26

Stratum granulosum

Question 27

What does keratinization do to the nucleus and organelles?

Answer 27

Causes them to disintegrate

Question 28

What is keratinization?

Answer 28

Process where keratinocytes fill with keratin protein

Question 29

Which layer is clear? Hint: Translucent

Answer 29

Stratum Lucidum

Question 30

True or false: Stratum lucidum is 1-3 layers.

Answer 30

False. It is 4-6 layers.

Question 31

Where would you find Stratum Lucidum?

Answer 31

Only on thick skin within the palms and soles

Question 32

What protects from UV light?

Answer 32

Stratum Lucidum

Question 33

What consists of 20-30 layers of dead keratinized cells?

Answer 33

Stratum Corneum

Question 34

What does anucleate mean?

Answer 34

Without a nucleus

Question 35

How many layers is in thin skin?

Answer 35

4

Question 36

How many layers in thick skin?

Answer 36

5

Question 37

Normal skin is pigmented from.... (3)

Answer 37

1. Hemoglobin 2. Melanin 3. Carotene

Question 38

Which pigment is a bright red color upon binding oxygen?

Answer 38

Hemoglobin

Question 39

Which pigment is yellow-orange?

Answer 39

Carotene (like a carrot)

Question 40

What pigment is black, brown, tan, or yellow-brown?

Answer 40

Melanin

Question 41

What causes Albinism?

Answer 41

A defect of an enzyme involved in the production of melanin

Question 42

What's another term for a mole?

Answer 42

Nevus

Question 43

What is a hemangioma?

Answer 43

skin discoloration due to benign blood vessel tumor

Question 44

Two regions of the Dermis:

Answer 44

Papillary and Reticular

Question 45

Is papillary layer deep or superficial?

Answer 45

Superficial

Question 46

What's the purpose of epidermal ridges?

Answer 46

Better gripping

Question 47

True or False: Layer thickness in the subcutaneous layer differ in men and women.

Answer 47

True

Question 48

What is a pilus?

Answer 48

A single hair, plural would be "pili"

Question 49

What is hair composed of?

Answer 49

Keratinized cells

Question 50

What are 5 functions of hair?

Answer 50

1. Protection 2. Heat retention 3. Sensory reception 4. Visual identification 5. Chemical signal dispersal (disperses pheromones)

Question 51

What is the tube that surrounds the hair root?

Answer 51

Hair follicle

Question 52

What elevates hair with contraction? (produces goosebumps)

Answer 52

Arrector pili

Question 53

What is the hair bulb?

Answer 53

Swelling at the base where hair originates in dermis

Question 54

3 types of hair?

Answer 54

1. Lanugo 2. Vellus 3. Terminal hair

Question 55

What hair type is coarse, pigmented, and longer?

Answer 55

Terminal Hair

Question 56

Which hair type is primary human hair typically found on upper and lower limbs?

Answer 56

Vellus Hair

Question 57

Which hair type appears in the last trimester of fetal development?

Answer 57

Lanugo hair

Question 58

What is alopecia?

Answer 58

Thinning of hair

Question 59

Are nails posterior or dorsal?

Answer 59

Dorsal

Question 60

Which part of the nail gets clipped off?

Answer 60

The free edge

Question 61

What is the white base half moon called?

Answer 61

Lunula

Question 62

What is the narrow band of epidermis from margin of nail wall onto the nail body?

Answer 62

Eponychium or cuticle

Question 63

The 4 types of skin glands:

Answer 63

1. Sebaceous (oil) glands- connected to hair follicles 2. Eccrine sweat glands- most numerous 3. Apocrine (axillary pubic) sweat glands 4. Ceruminous glands- modified sweat glands in ear canal

Question 64

When does deep wound healing occur?

Answer 64

when an injury extends to the dermis and subcutaneous layer

Question 65

What stage of wound healing would be blood clots form and leukocytes clean?

Answer 65

Second stage

Question 66

4 stages of wound healing

Answer 66

1. Blood vessels bleed into wound 2. Blood clots/ leukocytes clean 3. Blood vessels regrow/ granulation tissue forms 4. Epithelium regenerates/ CT fibrosis occur

Question 67

What kind of tissue is fibrotic tissue?

Answer 67

Scar tissue

Question 68

What is another name for bed sores?

Answer 68

Pressure ulcers