Chapter 15 Mental and Behavioral Health

Question 1

Psychologists

Answer 1

work with the diagnosis and treatment of mental health disorders

Most psychologists will have a doctoral degree (PhD or PsyD).

Specialty is psychology

psych/o = mind
-logist = one who specializes in the study of

Question 2

Psychiatrists

Answer 2

medical doctors who specialize in the treatment of mental health disorders

Their discipline is psychiatry

psych/o = mind
-iatrist = one who specializes in treatment

Question 3

Akathisia

Answer 3

Inability to remain calm, still, and free of anxiety

a- = lack of
kathis/o = sitting
-ia = condition

Question 4

Amnesia

Answer 4

Inability to remember either isolated parts of the past or one’s entire past; may be caused by brain damage or severe emotional trauma

Question 5

Anhedonia

Answer 5

Absence of the ability to experience either pleasure or joy, even in the face of causative events

an- = without
hedon/o = pleasure
-ia = condition

Question 6

Catatonia

Answer 6

Paralysis or immobility from psychological or emotional rather than physical causes

cata- = down
ton/o = tension
-ia = condition

Question 7

Confabulation

Answer 7

Effort to conceal a gap in memory by fabricating detailed, often believable stories

Associated with alcohol abuse

Question 8

Defense Mechanism

Answer 8

Unconscious mechanism for psychological coping, adjustment, or self-preservation in the face of stress or a threat

Examples include denial of an unpleasant situation or condition and projection of intolerable aspects onto another individual

Question 9

Delirium

Answer 9

Condition of confused, unfocused, irrational agitation

In mental disorders, agitation and confusion may also be accompanied by a more intense disorientation, incoherence, or fear, and illusions, hallucinations, and delusions

Question 10

Dementia

Answer 10

Mental disorder in which the individual experiences a progressive loss of memory, personality alterations, confusion, loss of touch with reality, and stupor (seeming unawareness of, and disconnection with, one’s surroundings)

Question 11

Delusion

Answer 11

Persistent belief in a demonstrable untruth or a provable inaccurate perception despite clear evidence to the contrary

Question 12

Echolalia

Answer 12

repetition of words or phrases spoken by others

echo- = reverberation
-lalia = condition of babbling

Question 13

Hallucination

Answer 13

Any unreal sensory perception that occurs with no external cause

Question 14

Illusion

Answer 14

Inaccurate sensory perception based on a real stimulus; examples include mirages and interpreting music or wind as voices

Question 15

Libido

Answer 15

Normal psychological impulse drive associated with sensuality, expressions of desire, or creativity

Abnormality occurs only when such drives are excessively heightened or depressed

Question 16

Psychosis

Answer 16

Disassociation with or impaired perception of reality; may be accompanied by hallucinations, delusions, incoherence, akathisia, and/or disorganized behavior

psych/o = mind
-osis = abnormal condition

Question 17

Somnambulism

Answer 17

sleepwalking

somn/o = sleep
ambul/o = walking
-ism = condition

Question 18

Bipolar Disorder (BD, BP)

Answer 18

Disorder characterized by swings between an elevation of mood, increased energy and activity (hypomania and mania), and a lowering of mood and decreased energy and activity (depression)

If patient is under the age of 18, the new term is disruptive mood dysregulation disorder. It is characterized by irritability and lack of self-control but no longer qualifies as BD.

bi- = two
pol/o = pole
-ar = pertaining to

Question 19

Cyclothymia

Answer 19

Disorder characterized by recurring episodes of mild elation and depression that are not severe enough to warrant a diagnosis of BD.

cycl/o = recurring
-thymia = condition of the mind

Question 20

Depressive Disorder

Answer 20

Depression typically characterized by its degree (minimal, moderate, or severe) or number of occurrences (single or recurrent, persistent). Patient exhibits dysphoria, reduction of energy, an

Question 21

Dysthymia

Answer 21

Mild, chronic depression of mood that lasts for years but is not severe enough to justify a diagnosis of depression

dys- = difficult
-thymia = condition of the mind

Question 22

Hypomania

Answer 22

Disorder characterized by an inappropriate elevation of mood that may include positive and negative aspects. Patient may report increased feelings of well-being, energy, and activity but may also report irritability and conceit

hypo- = decreased
-mania = condition of madness

Question 23

Persistent mood disorders

Answer 23

Group of long-term, cyclic mood disorders in which the majority of the individual episodes are not sufficiently severe enough to warrant being described as hypomanic or mild depressive episodes

Question 24

Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)

Answer 24

Weather-induced depression resulting from decreased exposure to sunlight in autumn and winter