Chapter 4 Integumentary System

Question 1

Dermatologist

Answer 1

One who specializes in the study of skin hair and nails

Dermat/o = skin
-logist = one who specializes in

Question 2

Cyst

Answer 2

Nodule filled with a semisolid material

Cyst/o = sac, bladder

Question 3

Ecchymosis

Answer 3

Hemorrhage or leaking of blood into the subcutaneous tissue (bruise)

Ec- = out
Chym/o = juice
-osis = abnormal condition

Question 4

Hematoma

Answer 4

Collection of extravasated blood trapped in the tissues and palpable to the examiner

Hemat/o = blood
-oma = tumor, mass

Question 5

Macule

Answer 5

Flat blemish or discoloration less than 1cm (ex. Freckle)

Macul/o = spot

Question 6

Nodule

Answer 6

Palpable, solid lesion less than 2cm (ex. small lipoma)

nod/o = know
-ule = small, tiny

Question 7

Papule

Answer 7

raised solid skin lesion raised less than 1cm (ex. pimple)

papul/o = pimple

Question 8

Patch

Answer 8

large, flat, nonpalpable macule, larger than 1cm (ex. large birthmark)

Question 9

Petechia

Answer 9

tiny ecchymosis within the dermal layer (small red or purple dots)

Question 10

Plaque

Answer 10

raised plateaulike papule greater than 1cm (psoriatic lesion or seborrheic keratosis)

Question 11

Purpura

Answer 11

massive hemorrhage into the tissues under the skin

purpur/o = purple

Question 12

Pustule

Answer 12

superficial, elevated lesion containing pus that may be the result of an infection (ex. acne)

Question 13

Telangiectasia

Answer 13

Permanent dilation of groups of superficial capillaries and venules

Telangiectases are aka spider veins

tel/e = far
angi/o = vessel
-ectasia = dilation

Question 14

Tumor

Answer 14

nodule more than 2cm, any mass or swelling including neoplasms

Question 15

Vesicle

Answer 15

circumscribed, elevated lesion containing fluid and smaller than 0.5 cm (ex. insect bite)

vesicul/o = blister or small sac

Question 16

Bulla

Answer 16

insect bite larger than 0.5cm

aka blister

Question 17

Wheal

Answer 17

circumscribed, elevated papule caused by localized edema, which can result from a bug bite

Hives result from an allergic reaction

Question 18

Atrophy

Answer 18

paper-thin, wasted skin often occurring in the ages or as stretch marks from rapid weight gain

a- = no, not, without
troph/o = development
y- = process

Question 19

Cicatrix

Answer 19

area of fibrous tissue that replaces normal skin after destruction of some of the dermis (Aka: scar)

Question 20

Eschar

Answer 20

Dried serum, blood, and/or pus

may occur in inflammatory and infectious diseases, like impetigo or result of a burn (Aka: skab)

eschar/o = scab

Question 21

Fissure

Answer 21

crack-like lesion of the skin, such as an anal fissure

Question 22

Keloid

Answer 22

Type of scar that is an overgrowth of tissue at the site of injury in excess of the amount of tissue necessary to repair the wound. The extra tissue is partially due to an accumulation of collagen at the site

Question 23

Ulcer

Answer 23

Circumscribed craterlike lesion of the skin or mucous membrane resulting from necrosis (neck KROH sis), or tissue death, that can accompany an inflammatory, infectious, or malignant process

Ex. a decubitus ulcer seen sometimes in bedridden patients

Question 24

Anhidrosis

Answer 24

a condition in which a person produces little or no sweat

An- = no, not, without
hidr/o - sweating
-osis = abnormal condition

Question 25

hidradentitis

Answer 25

inflammation of the sweat glands hidraden/o = sweat gland -itis= inflammation

Question 26

hyperhidrosis

Answer 26

excessive perspiration caused by heat, strong emotion, menopause, hyperthyroidism, or infection hyper- = excessive hidr/o = sweat -osis = abnormal condition

Question 27

Millaria

Answer 27

minute vesicles and papules often with surrounding erythema (redness), caused by oclusion of sweat ducts during times of exposure to heat (ex. heat rash)

Question 28

Onychia

Answer 28

inflammation of the fingernail aka Onychitis onych/o = nail -ia = condition

Question 29

Onychocryptosis

Answer 29

abnormal condition of ingrown nail can cause pain, swelling, and erythema onych/o = nail crypt- = hidden -osis - abnormal consition

Question 30

Onycholysis

Answer 30

separation of the nail plate from the nail bed onych/o = nail -lysis = loosening

Question 31

Onychomalacia

Answer 31

softening of the nails onych/o = nail -malacia = softening

Question 32

Onychomycosis

Answer 32

abnormal condition of nail fungus Aka tinea unguium onych/o = nail myc/o = fungus -osis = abnormal condition

Question 33

Paronychia

Answer 33

infection of the skin beside the nail par- = beside, near onych/o = nail -ia = condition