chapter 16 part 2

Question 1

pons

Answer 1

superior to the medulla and has sensory and motor nuclei for cranial nerves 5, 6, 7 and 8
-all abt respiratory rate

Question 2

apneustic center

Answer 2

increase breathing rate

Question 3

pneumotaxic center

Answer 3

lowers breathing rate

Question 4

mesencephalon

Answer 4

-midbrain
-have 2 pairs of nuclei calls corpora quadrigemina
-also has nuclei of the reticular formation that keep you awake
-red nucleus
-substantia nigra
-cerebral peduncles

Question 5

corpus quadrigemina

Answer 5

process auditory and visual stimuli
-inferioir colliculus = auditory (start baby reflexes)
-superior colliculus= visual

Question 6

reticular formation

Answer 6

keeps you awake

Question 7

red nucleus

Answer 7

-part of mesencephalon
-intefreates information btwn the cerebrum and cerebellum

Question 8

substantia nigra

Answer 8

-regulates motor output of the basal nuclei
-degenerated= parkinsons

Question 9

cerebral peduncles

Answer 9

-little feet
-have ascending fibers that synapse int he thalamus and descending fibers of the cortiospinal pathway

Question 10

epithalamus

Answer 10

-roof of the third ventricle
-has the pineal gland
-makes melatonin and regulates day and night cycle

Question 11

thalamus

Answer 11

-forms wall of third ventricle
-there is a right and left
-thalamic nuclei are egg shaped

Question 12

hypothalamus

Answer 12

-connected to pituitary by the stalk ON TEST
-forms the floor of the third ventricle
-mane of nuclei
-stalk= infundibulum
-has a mamillary body on the posterior wall

Question 13

hypothalamus cell bodies/ nuclei

Answer 13

-subconscious control of skeletal muscle
-heart rate, bp, respiration, digestion, secrete antidiuretic and oxytocin
-voluntary function
-normal body temp and circadian rythm

Question 14

what is responsible for sleep and wake? ON TEST

Answer 14

hypothalamus and pineal gland

Question 15

ADH

Answer 15

decrease urination

Question 16

oxytocin

Answer 16

causes more urination and releases milk

Question 17

Cerebellum

Answer 17

-2 hemispheres, (folds) folia, vermis to separate hemispheres, arbor vitae, cerebella peduncles

Question 18

Vermis

Answer 18

Separates cerebellum hemispheres

Question 19

Cerebella cortex

Answer 19

Subconscious movement

Question 20

Arbor vital

Answer 20

Connect cerebella cortex with peduncles

Question 21

Cerebella peduncles

Answer 21

Superior: connect cerebellum with mesencephalon and dliencephalon and cerebruim, middle: communication of cerebellum and pons, inferior: connect cerebellum and medulla oblongota

Question 22

Cerebrum

Answer 22

2 hemispheres several lobes (parietal, frontal, etc.), gyro and sulk, longitudinal fissure, corpus callouss, limbic system

Question 23

Cerebral hemispheres

Answer 23

-gyri and sulci
-central sulcus
- longitudinal fissure
- cerebral lobes

Question 24

Cerebral lobes

Answer 24

Frontal, occipital, parietal, temporal

Question 25

Parietal

Answer 25

Sensations, pain, vibrations

Question 26

Frontal

Answer 26

Control of skeletal muscle

Question 27

Precentral gyris ON TEST

Answer 27

-Anterior to central sulcus - voluntary movement bc control somatic motor neurons in brain stem and cord

Question 28

Post central gyrus

Answer 28

-posterior to central sulcus - neurons get somatic sensory information for touch, pain, tastes, temp from dorsal columns and spinothalamic tracts

Question 29

Left hemisphere

Answer 29

Speech, writing, language, math

Question 30

Right hemisphere

Answer 30

Touch, spatial visualization and facial recognition

Question 31

Central white matter bundles

Answer 31

- Association fibers - commissural fibers - projection fibers

Question 32

Association fibers

Answer 32

Tracts that connect areas within a hemisphere (longitudinal fissure)

Question 33

Commissural fibers

Answer 33

Connect 2 hemispheres (corpus callosum)

Question 34

Projection fibers

Answer 34

Link cerebrum and lower parts of brain/cord

Question 35

Basal nuclei

Answer 35

-caudate nucleus, put amen and globes pallidus (swinging arms while walking) and control legs while walking -claustral: subconscious processing of visual info -amygdaloid body; limbic system

Question 36

Limbic system

Answer 36

Between the cerebrum and the diencephalon superior to the corpus callosum -emotional states -link conscious with unconscious -memory storage and retrieval

Question 37

Limbic system components

Answer 37

-cingulate gyri -debate gyrus -parahippocampal gyrus - hippocampus

Question 38

Limbic fornix

Answer 38

-tract of white matter connecting hippocampus with the hypothalamus -extend to mammillary bodies -mammillary bodies control reflex movement for eating

Question 39

Cranial nerves

Answer 39

-12 pairs -on ventrolateral surface of the brain -numbers being at the anterior aspect of the brain 1 to 12