Chapter 18: Poisoning

Question 1

What are barbituates?

Answer 1

owners: depressants of the CNS. Includes barbiturates, tranquilizers (benzodiazepines), marijuana, and narcotics

Question 2

Who are more likely to get ingested poisoning?

Answer 2

Children younger than 6

Question 3

What medications are accountable for most of the poisoning?

Answer 3

Analgesics

Question 4

Signs of Ingested Posioning

Answer 4

Abdominal pain & cramping, nausea or vomiting, diarrhea, burns, odors, or stains around or inside the mouth, drowsiness or unresponsiveness, difficulty breathing, speaking or swallowing, seizure, poison container nearby

Question 5

Treatment of Ingested Poisoning?

Answer 5

1.Try to determine:
a.Person’s age & weight
b.Person’s condition
c.What poison was swallowed
d.When the poison was taken
e.How much was taken
2.For an alert and awake person called Poison control hotline
3.Place person on their left side
4.Monitor breathing and if absent begin CPR
5.Do not come in contact with the person’s parts that has poison, do not try making them vomit, do not give things to eat or drink, listen to poison control

Question 6

What is alcohol?

Answer 6

a depressant and not a stimulant

Question 7

How does alcohol impact a person?

Answer 7

Affects a person’s judgement, vision, reaction time, and coordination

Question 8

What is alochol the cause of?

Answer 8

motor vehicle crashes, falls, drowning, burns and violence (homicide, suicide and sexual assault)

Question 9

What are signs of alcohol intoxication?

Answer 9

The odor of someone’s breath or clothing; unsteady, staggering walking; slurred speech and the inability to carry on a conversation, nausea & vomiting,, flushed face, seizures

Question 10

What do you do if someone is intoxicated with alcohol?

Answer 10

Look for injuries
Monitor breathing
Check for spinal injury then shift the person into the recovery positon (left side)
Call poison center or 911 for advice
Leave the place once the person becomes violnet
Provide emotional support
If there is a suspected spinal injury, wait for EMS
Suspect hypothermia and move person to warm place if possible., Remove wet clothing and cover the person with warm blankets

Question 11

What can hallucinogens do?

Answer 11

Produces changes in mood and sensory awareness; may hear and see things
Can induce bizarre behaviors- risky

Question 12

What can hallucingens cause?

Answer 12

Acute intoxication- medical attention

Question 13

What are 2 types of hallucinogens?

Answer 13

LSD and PCP- angel dust: causes severe behavioral changes

Question 14

What is marijuana? What happens if someone consumes high doses of it?

Answer 14

Hemp plant ; hallucinations

Question 15

Signs of marijuana

Answer 15

euphoria, relaxation, drowsiness; impaired short-term memory and capacity to do complex thinking and work; altered perception of time; and anxiety and panic

Question 16

What are opioids and what can they do?

Answer 16

Relieve pain
Trigger release of endorphins- boost happiness; very addictiveve
Can slow or stop breathing

Question 17

Signs of opioid usage

Answer 17

Extreme sleepiness or drowsiness, unresponsiveness, slow and shallow or no breathing, lips and nails turning blue, cold and clammy skin, extremely small pupils

Question 18

What do you do if someone consumes opioids?

Answer 18

Check for breathing- gasping- tell someone to call 911, get an AED and naloxone and start CPR
Give naloxone- reverses a drug overdose- works only for opiods
If naloxone is not availbale, stay by their side and place them in recovery position, monitor breathing
Try to identify the drug if possible
Second dose may be required

Question 19

How to treat non-opioid emergencies?

Answer 19

Call the poison control hotline if they are alert and responsive
Call 911 and monitor breathing if unresponsive
Provide reassurance and emotional support,
Place person on left side- recovery side
Check for injuries
Seek safety if person becomes violent

Question 20

Symptoms of excessive carbon monoxide

Answer 20

could have flulike symptoms) dull headache, ringing in the ears (tinnitus), chest pain (angina), muscle weakness, nausea or vomiting, dizziness and visual changes (blurred or double vision), loss of responsiveness, and respiratory and cardiac arrest
The symptoms come and go, and worse or improve in certain ti,es of the day; people around the person can have similar symptoms, even the pets can seem ill

Question 21

What to do if there is excessive carbon monoxide?

Answer 21

Get the people all out of the enviroment
Call 911 and have someone get 100% oxygen; 100% oxygen for 30-40 minutes reverses the effects of carbon monoxide poisoning
Monitor breathing
Place unresponsive breathing person in recovery positon
Seek EMS and blood test to detect levels of carbon monoxide

Question 22

What are some causes of excess carbon monoxide?

Answer 22

Motor vehicle exhaust, faulty furnaces, water heaters, and portable generators. Fires, open flame or charcoal grills.

Question 23

What does carbon monoxide cause? How does it occur?

Answer 23

Hypoxia;
Red blood cells bind with carbon monoxide than oxygen
Carbon monoxide does not allow the usage of little oxygen delivered