Chapter 2

Question 1

abdominal cavity

Answer 1

cavity that holds stomach, small intestine, most of the large intestine, liver, and gallbladder. Part of the anterior cavity.

Question 2

adenectomy

Answer 2

surgical removal of a gland

Question 3

adenocarcinoma

Answer 3

carcinoma (cancerous tumor) derived from glandular tissue

Question 4

adenoma

Answer 4

benign tumor that arises from, or resembles, glandular tissue

Question 5

adenomalacia

Answer 5

abnormal softening of a gland

Question 6

adenosclerosis

Answer 6

abnormal hardening of a gland

Question 7

anaplasia

Answer 7

a change in the structure of cells and in their orientation to each other

Question 8

anatomy

Answer 8

the branch of science concerned with the bodily structure of humans, animals, and other living organisms

Question 9

anomaly

Answer 9

a deviation from what is regarded as normal

Question 10

aplasia

Answer 10

the defective development or congenital absence of an organ or tissue

Question 11

bloodborne transmission

Answer 11

the spread of a disease through contact with blood or other body fluids that are contaminated with blood

Question 12

caudal

Answer 12

Of, at, or near the tail or hind parts

Question 13

cephalic

Answer 13

of, in, or relating to the head.

Question 14

communicable disease

Answer 14

any condition that is transmitted from one person to another by either direct or indirect contact with contaminated objects

Question 15

congenital disorder

Answer 15

an abnormal condition that exists a the time of birth

Question 16

cytoplasm

Answer 16

The jellylike material that makes up much of a cell inside the cell membrane

Question 17

distal

Answer 17

situated away from the center of the body or from the point of attachment.

Question 18

dorsal

Answer 18

of, on, or relating to the upper side or back of an animal, plant, or organ.

Question 19

dysplasia

Answer 19

abnormal development or growth of cells, tissues, or organs

Question 20

endemic

Answer 20

refers to the ongoing presence of a disease within a population, group or area

Question 21

endocrine glands

Answer 21

glands of the endocrine system that secrete their products, hormones, directly into the blood rather than through a duct.

Question 22

epidemic

Answer 22

a sudden and widespread outbreak of a disease with a specific population group or area

Question 23

epigastric region

Answer 23

the upper central region of the abdomen

Question 24

etiology

Answer 24

the study of the causes of diseases

Question 25

exocrine glands

Answer 25

sweat gland that releases its secretions to the body's cavities, organs, or surface through a duct.

Question 26

functional disorder

Answer 26

a condition that produces symptoms for which no physiological or anatomical cause can be identified.

Question 27

genetic disorder

Answer 27

a pathological condition caused by an absent or defective gene

Question 28

geriatrician

Answer 28

a physician specializing in geriatrics

Question 29

hemophilia

Answer 29

a group of hereditary bleeding disorders in which a blood-clotting factor is missing

Question 30

histology

Answer 30

the study of the microscopic structure of tissues.

Question 31

homeostasis

Answer 31

the process through which the body maintains a constant internal environment

Question 32

hypertrophy

Answer 32

a general increase in the bulk of a body part or organ due to an increase in the size, but not in the number of cells in the tissues

Question 33

hypogastric region

Answer 33

the lower central region of the abdomen

Question 34

hypoplasia

Answer 34

the incomplete development of an organ or tissue

Question 35

iatrogenic illness

Answer 35

an unfavorable response due to prescribed medical treatment

Question 36

infectious disease

Answer 36

an illness caused by living pathogenic organisms such as bacteria and viruses

Question 37

inguinal

Answer 37

pertaining to the groin.

Question 38

hyperplasia

Answer 38

the enlargement of an organ or tissue because of an abnormal increase in the number of cells

Question 39

idiopathic disorder

Answer 39

an illness without known causes

Question 40

medial

Answer 40

pertaining to or situated toward the midline.

Question 41

mesentery

Answer 41

a membranous fold attaching an organ to the body wall.

Question 42

midsagittal plane

Answer 42

A vertical plane along the midline of the body dividing the body into right and left halves.

Question 43

nosocomical infection

Answer 43

a disease acquired in a hospital or clinical setting

Question 44

pandemic

Answer 44

an outbreak of a disease occurring over a large geographic area

Question 45

pelvic cavity

Answer 45

reproductive/urinary organs and some of the large intestine

Question 46

peritoneum

Answer 46

the serous membrane lining the walls of the abdominal and pelvic cavities

Question 47

phenylketonuria

Answer 47

a genetic disorder in which an essential digestive enzyme is missing

Question 48

physiology

Answer 48

the branch of biology that deals with the normal functions of living organisms and their parts.

Question 49

posterior

Answer 49

further back in position; of or nearer the rear or hind end

Question 50

proximal

Answer 50

situated nearer to the center of the body or the point of attachment.

Question 51

retroperitoneal

Answer 51

situated or occurring behind the peritoneum.

Question 52

stem cells

Answer 52

unspeciallized cells

Question 53

thoracic cavity

Answer 53

located in the chest (heart, lungs, large blood vessels)

Question 54

transverse plane

Answer 54

is a horizontal imaginary plane that divides the body into superior and inferior parts.

Question 55

umbilicus

Answer 55

the navel

Question 56

vector-borne transmission

Answer 56

the spread of certain disease due to the bite of a vector (insects)

Question 57

ventral

Answer 57

of, on, or relating to the underside of an animal or plant; abdominal.