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Medical terminology > Chapter 6 > Flashcards

Chapter 6 Flashcards

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1
Q

acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

A

the advanced stage of an HIV infection

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2
Q

allergen

A

a substances that produces an allergic response to an individual

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3
Q

anaphylaxis

A

a severe, systematic response to an allergen

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4
Q

antibiotic

A

medications capable of inhibiting growth or killing pathogenic bacteria

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5
Q

antibody

A

a disease-fighting protein created by the immune system in response to the presence of a specific antigen

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6
Q

antifungal

A

an agent that destroys or inhibits the growth of fungi

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7
Q

antigen

A

any substance that the body regards as being foreign

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8
Q

antigen-antibody reaction

A

a reaction that labels a potentially dangerous antigen so that it can be recognized, and destroyed, by other cells of the immune system

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9
Q

autoimmune disorder

A

a condition in which the immune system produces antibodies against the body’s own tissues

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10
Q

bacilli

A

rod shaped spore-forming bacteria

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11
Q

bacteria

A

one-celled microscopic organisms

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12
Q

carcinoma

A

a malignant tumor that occurs in epithelial tissue

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13
Q

carcinoma in situ

A

a malignant tumor in its original position that has not yet disturbed or invaded the surrounding tissues

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14
Q

complement

A

a group of proteins that normally circulate in the blood in an inactive form and are activated by contact with nonspecific antigens such as foreign blood cells or bacteria

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15
Q

cytomegalovirus

A

a type of herpesvirus found in most body fluids

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16
Q

ductal carcinoma in situ

A

breast cancer at its earliest stage before the cancer has broken through the wall of the milk duct

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17
Q

hemolythic

A

destroying worn-out red blood cells and releasing their hemoglobin for reuse

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18
Q

herpes zoster

A

an acute viral infection characterized by painful skin eruptions that follow the underlying route of an inflamed nerve

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19
Q

hodgkin’s lymphoma

A

a malignancy of the lymphatic system that is distinguished from non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma by the presence of Reed-Sternberg cells

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20
Q

human immunodeficiency virus

A

a bloodborne pathogen that damages or kills the T cells of the immune system, causing it to progressively fail

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21
Q

immunoglobulins

A

antibodies that bind with specific antigens in the antigen-antibody response

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22
Q

immunosuppressant

A

a substance that prevents or reduces the body’s normal immune response

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23
Q

immunotherapy

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A

a disease treatment that involves either stimulating or repressing the immune response

24
Q

infectious mononucleosis

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A

an infection caused by the Epstein-Barr virus that in characterized by fever, a sore throat, and enlarged lymph nodes

25
infiltrating ductal carcinoma
breast cancer that starts in the milk duct, and invades the fatty breast tissue
26
interferon
a family of proteins produced by the T cells whose specialty is fighting viruses by slowing or stopping their multiplication
27
lymphadenitis
inflammation of the lymph nodes
28
lymphadenopathy
any disease process affecting a lymph node or nodes
29
lymphanginoma
a benign tumor formed by an abnormal collection of lymphatic vessels
30
lymphedema
swelling of the tissues due to an abnormal accumulation of lymph fluid within the tissues
31
lyphocytes
white blood cells that are formed in bone marrow as stem cells
32
lymphokines
direct the antigen-antibody response by signaling between the cells of the immune system
33
lymphoma
a general term applied to malignancies affecting lymphoid tissues
34
lymphoscintigraphy
a diagnostic test that is performed to detect damage or malformations of the lymphatic vessels
35
macrophage
a type of white blood cell that surrounds and kills invading cells
36
malaria
a disease caused by a parasite that lives in certain mosquitoes and is transferred to humans by the bite of an infected mosquito
37
mammography
a radiographic examination of the breast to detect the presence of tumors or precancerous cells
38
metastasis
the new cancer site that results from the spreading process
39
myoma
a benign tumor made up of muscle tissue
40
myosarcoma
a malignant tumor derived from muscle tissue
41
non-hodgkin's lymphomia
the term used to describe all lymphomas other than Hodgkin's lymphoma
42
opportunistic infection
caused by a pathogen that does not normally produce an illness in healthy human
43
osteosarcoma
a hard tissue sarcoma that usually involves the upper shaft of long bones, pelvis, or knee
44
parasite
a plant or animal that lives on or within another living organism at the expense of that organism
45
pathogen
a disease-producing microorganism
46
rabies
an acute viral infection transmitted to humans by the bite or saliva or an infected animal
47
rickettsia
a small bacterium that lives in lice, fleas, ticks, and mites
48
rubella
a viral infection characterized by a low-grade fever, swollen glands, inflamed eyes. and a fine, pink rash
49
sarcoma
a malignant tumor that arises from connective tissues
50
spirochetes
long, slender spiral-shaped bacteria that have flexible walls and are capable of movement
51
splenomegaly
an abnormal enlargement of the spleen
52
staphylococci
a group of about 30 species of bacteria that form irregular groups or clusters resembling grapes
53
streptococci
bacteria that form a chain. responsible for harmless illnesses like strep throat
54
telethraphy
radiation therapy administered at a distance from the body that is targeted with 3D computer imaging
55
tentanus
an acute and potentially fatal infection of the central nervous system caused by a toxin produced by the tetanus bacteria
56
toxoplasmosis
a parasite most commonly transmitted from animals (pets) to humans by contact with contaminated feces
57
varicella
a highly contagious infection caused by the herpes virus Varicella zoster; also known as chicken pox

Medical terminology (13 decks)

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