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Medical terminology > Chapter 8 > Flashcards

Chapter 8 Flashcards

(60 cards)

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1
Q

aerophagia

A

the excessive swallowing of air while eating or drinking, and is a common cause of gas in the stomach

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2
Q

amebic dysentery

A

an intestinal disorder caused by a parasite

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3
Q

anastomosis

A

a surgical connection between two hollow or tubular structures

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4
Q

anorexia nervosa

A

an eating disorder characterized by a false perception of body appearance

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5
Q

antimetic

A

a medication that is administered to prevent or relieve nausea and vomiting

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6
Q

aphthous ulcers

A

grey-white pits with a red border in the soft tissues lining the mouth; also known as canker sores or mouth ulcers

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7
Q

ascites

A

an abnormal accumulation of serous fluid in the peritoneal cavity

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8
Q

bariatrics

A

the branch of medicine concerned with the prevention and control of obesity and associated diseases

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9
Q

borborygmus

A

the rumbling noise caused by the movement of gas in the intestine

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10
Q

botulism

A

food poisoning characterized by paralysis and often death; caused by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum

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11
Q

bulimia nervosa

A

an eating disorder characterized by frequent episodes of binge eating followed by inappropriate compensatory behaviors such as self-induced vomiting

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12
Q

cachexia

A

a condition of physical wasting away due to the loss of weight and muscle mass that occurs in patients with diseases such as advanced cancer or AIDS

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13
Q

cheilosis

A

a disorder of the lips characterized by crack-like sores at the corners of the mouth

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14
Q

cholangiography

A

a radiographic examination of the bile ducts with the use of a contrast medium

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15
Q

cholangitis

A

an acute infection of the bile duct

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16
Q

cholecystalgia

A

pain in the gallbladder

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17
Q

cholecyctitis

A

inflammation of the gallbladder; usually associated with gallstones

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18
Q

cholecystectomy

A

the surgical removal of the gallbladder

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19
Q

choledocholithotomy

A

an incision into the common bile duct for the removal of gallstones

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20
Q

cholelitiasis

A

the presence of gallstones in the gallbladder or bile ducts

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21
Q

cholera

A

severe diarrhea, vomiting, and dehydration caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholera

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22
Q

cirrhosis

A

a progressive degenerative disease of the liver

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23
Q

colonoscopy

A

the direct visual examination of the inner surface of the entire colon from the rectum to the cecum

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24
Q

Chron’s disease

A

a chronic autoimmune disorder that is most often found in the ileum and in the colon

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25
diverticulitis
the inflammation of one or more diverticula in the colon
26
diverticulosis
the presence of a number of diverticula in the colon
27
dyspepsia
pain or discomfort in digestion; also known as indigestion
28
dysphagia
difficulty in swallowing
29
emesis
the reflex ejection of the stomach contents through the mouth; also known as vomiting
30
enteritis
an inflammation of the small intestine caused by eating or drinking substances contaminated with viral and bacterial pathogens
31
eructation
the act of belching or raising gas orally from the stomach
32
esophageal varices
enlarged and swollen veins at the lower end of the esophagus
33
esophagogastroduodenoscopy
an endoscopic examination of the esophagus, stomach, and upper duodenum
34
gastroduodenostomy
the removal of the pylorus of the stomach and the establishment of an anastomosis between the upper portion of the stomach and the duodenum
35
gastroesophageal reflex disease
the upward flow of acid from the stomach into the esophagus
36
gastrostomy tube
a surgically placed feeding tube from the exterior of the body into the stomach
37
hematemesis
vomiting blood
38
hemoccult test
a lab test for hidden blood in the stools
39
hepatitis
an inflammation of the liver
40
herpes labialis
blister-like sores on the lips and adjacent facial tissue that are caused by the oral herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1); also known as cold sores or fever blisters
41
hiatal hernia
a condition in which a portion of the stomach protrudes upward into the chest, through an opening in the diaphragm
42
hyperemesis
extreme, persistent vomiting that can cause dehydration
43
ileus
the partial or complete blockage of the small and/or large intestine
44
inguinal hernia
the protrusion of a small loop of bowel through a weak place in the lower abdominal wall or groin
45
jaundice
a yellow discoloration of the skin, mucous membranes, and the eyes
46
melena
the passage of black, tarry, and foul-smelling stools
47
morbid obesity
the condition of weighing two to three times, or more, than the ideal weight; also known as clinically severe obesity
48
nasogastric intrubuation
the placementof a feeding tube through the nose and into the stomach
49
obesity
an excessive accumulation of fat in the body
50
periodontium
consists of the bone and soft tissues that surround and support the teeth
51
peristalsis
a series of wave-like contractions of the smooth muscles in a single direction
52
proctopexy
the surgical fixation of a prolapsed rectum to an adjacent tissue or organ
53
regurgitation
the return of swallowed food into the mouth
54
salmonellosis
an infectious disease of the intestines that is transmitted by food contaminated with feces
55
sigmoidoscopy
the endoscopic examination of the interior of the rectum, sigmoid colon, and possibly a portion of the descending colon
56
stomatorrhagia
bleeding from any part of the mouth
57
trismus
any restriction to the opening of the mouth caused by trauma, surgery, or radiation associated with the treatment of oral cancerq
58
ulcerative colitis
a chronic condition of unknown cause in which repeated episodes of inflammation in the rectum and large intestine cause ulcers and irritation
59
volvulus
the twisting of the intestine on itself that causes an obstruction
60
xerostomia
the lack of adequate saliva due to diminished secretions by the salivary glands; also known as dry mouth

Medical terminology (13 decks)

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