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S4: Radiographic Pathology > Chapter 2 WB > Flashcards

Chapter 2 WB Flashcards

1
Q

name the type of fracture that occurs at sites of maximum stress but without trauma

A

fatigue (or march/stress) fracture

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2
Q

what is the condition when a vertebra takes on the appearance of the one above or below it?

A

transitional vertebra

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3
Q

what type of fracture may accompany a dislocated shoulder?

A

avulsion or chip fracture

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4
Q

what type of cell is associated with absorption and removal of bone?

A

osteoclasts

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5
Q

name the two divisions of the skeleton

A

axial and appendicular

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6
Q

radiography is not as sensitive to bone destruction as which modality?

A

NM

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7
Q

at least _____% of the bone is destroyed before radiography shows visible changes

A

30-50%

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8
Q

giant cell tumors are also known as

A

osteoclastomas

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9
Q

what type of fracture causes the cortex to fold back onto itself?

A

torus

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10
Q

which primary malignant tumor is really of the blood plasma cells and not of bone tissue itself?

A

multiple myeloma

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11
Q

T/F: a “sail sign” is indicative of an injured elbow

A

true

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12
Q

T/F: CT can reveal lesions, fractures, bone mineralization, and soft tissue involvement

A

true

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13
Q

T/F: osteoblasts are the bone reabsorber cells of the body

A

false (osteoclasts)

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14
Q

T/F: a Smith fracture is of the distal radius with forward displacement

A

true

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15
Q

T/F: in fibrous dysplasia, the radiograph shows a well-circumscribed lesion with thin bands of sclerosis

A

true

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16
Q

T/F: nuclear medicine studies can demonstrate the joint space, menisci, ligaments, and cartilage

A

false (CT and MRI)

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17
Q

T/F: sacralization occurs when L5 fuses with the sacrum

A

true

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18
Q

T/F: ossification is the process of bone replacing hyaline cartilage

A

true

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19
Q

T/F: areas of dead bone are termed callus

A

false (sequestrum)

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20
Q

T/F: primary bone malignancies are the most common type of bone tumor found

A

false (metastatic bone tumors)

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21
Q

T/F: bursitis is caused by excess stress on the joint

A

true

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22
Q

T/F: DXA is a type of bone scan that will show infections

A

false

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23
Q

neoplastic bone changes involve

A

a combination of benign tumors, malignant tumors, and diffuse disease

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24
Q

an abnormal decrease in bone density resulting from failure of the osteoblasts to produce bone is called

A

osteoporosis

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25
Q

a fracture that involves the pulling loose of bone by a ligament or tendon is called

A

avulsion

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26
Q

if the bone fragment pierces the overlying skin, the fracture is said to be

A

compound

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27
Q

the substance that grows between the ends of bone fragments and is eventually changed into osseous tissue in the healing process is known as

A

callus

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28
Q

a transverse fracture of the distal radius with posterior displacement of the fragment is called

A

Colles

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29
Q

a fracture that results from disease is known as

A

pathologic

30
Q

arthritis characterized by inflammation and thickening of the synovial membrane, swelling, joint dysfunction, and bilateral joint involvement is known as

A

rheumatoid arthritis

31
Q

a malignant neoplastic disease occurring in young children is

A

Ewing sarcoma

32
Q

what type of fracture occurs when one fragment end is driven up into the other fragment end as in a telescope?

A

impacted

33
Q

aging and postmenopausal hormonal changes are the major cause of

A

osteoporosis

34
Q

this fracture involves the medial and lateral malleoli of the ankle with dislocation

A

Pott

35
Q

which of the following lines the marrow cavity?

A

endosteum

36
Q

which is not a manifestation of achondroplasia?

A

normal size extremities

37
Q

compression fractures of the thoracic spine and fractures of the hip are common in women with

A

osteoporosis

38
Q

which is a type of chondroma?

A

exostosis

39
Q

which is not a type of fracture?

A

Pott

40
Q

the term used when fractures are placed in as close to normal position as possible after a fracture is

A

reduction

41
Q

which statement is incorrect?
1. rickets is a metabolic bone disease
2. osteopetrosis is a marble bone disease
3. impaction relates to a bone that is splintered
4. skull sutures are synarthrodial joints

A

rickets is a metabolic bone disease

42
Q

when the “sail sign” is seen on a lateral radiograph of a traumatized elbow

A

fracture should be suspected

43
Q

inflammation of the vertebrae would be referred to as

A

spondylitis

44
Q

a stellate fracture appears like

A

a star-shaped depression

45
Q

which of the following shows blurred bilateral SI joints and a “bamboo” spine?

A

rheumatoid spondylitis

46
Q

fracture of the base of the first metacarpal

A

Bennett

47
Q

flattened femoral head is associated with this

A

Legg-Calve-Perthes

48
Q

brittle bone disease

A

OI

49
Q

separation of the tuberosity from the tibia

A

Osgood-Schlatter

50
Q

caused by vitamin deficiency

A

osteomalacia

51
Q

marble bone disease

A

osteopetrosis

52
Q

partial dislocation

A

subluxation

53
Q

infection of the bone and the marrow

A

osteomyelitis

54
Q

fracture where the two ends are pressed toward the middle

A

compression

55
Q

most common type of arthritis

A

osteoarthritis

56
Q

most common primary malignant bone tumor

A

multiple myeloma

57
Q

abnormal decrease in bone density due to lack of calcium

A

osteomalacia

58
Q

failure of cartilage to form properly leading to short stature

A

achondroplasia

59
Q

associated with kidney stones owing to calcium excreted in urine

A

osteoporosis

60
Q

also called Paget disease

A

osteitis deformans

61
Q

benign tumor from the cortex of bone and capped by cartilage

A

osteochondroma

62
Q

may be misdiagnosed as osteomyelitis

A

Ewing sarcoma

63
Q

classic appearance of “bubbles”

A

osteoclastoma

64
Q

classic appearance of “rugger jersey” spine

A

osteodystrophy

65
Q

classic appearance of “Swiss cheese” skull

A

multiple myeloma

66
Q

classic appearance of “cotton wool” skull

A

osteitis deformans

67
Q

classic appearance of “spurring” at joint space

A

osteoarthritis

68
Q

most common nonarthritic joint ailment

A

bursitis

69
Q

leads to boutonniere or swan-neck deformity

A

rheumatoid arthritis

70
Q

fracture with multiple fragments

A

communited

71
Q

“chip” fracture that can occur with dislocations

A

avulsion

S4: Radiographic Pathology (34 decks)

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