Chapter 22

Question 0

Oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange between blood and air
Speech and other vocalizations
Smell
Controls the pH of body fluids
Helps synthesize angiotensin II
Thoracic pump promotes the flow of Lymph and venous blood
Valsalva maneuver – breath holding to expel abdominal and pelvic contents

Answer 0

Functions of the respiratory system

Question 1

Ventilation of lungs (breathing)

Use of oxygen in cellular metabolism

Answer 1

Respiration

Question 2

It warms, Cleanses, and humidifies inhaled air; amplifies the voice; detects odors.

Answer 2

Functions of the nose

Question 3

Main Parts of the nose

Answer 3

Nostrils
Posterior nasal apertures (choanae)
Nasal cavity

Question 4

A pair of anterior openings

Answer 4

Nostrils

Question 5

A pair of posterior openings

Answer 5

Posterior nasal aperture’s (choanae)

Question 6

Space that is divided in half by the nasal septum, internal chambers of nose

Answer 6

Nasal cavity

Question 7

There are six parts that make up the nasal cavity what are they?

Answer 7

Nasal septum
Palate
Conchae
Meatuses
Olfactory Mucosa
Respiratory mucosa

Question 8

This is made up of bone and cartilage dividing nasal cavity into left and right, what is it?

Answer 8

Nasal septum

Question 9

Separates nasal cavity from the oral cavity, what is it?

Answer 9

Palate

Question 10

These are folds of tissue the project from the lateral walls, what are they called?

Answer 10

Conchae

Question 11

Narrow air passages beneath each Conchae, What are they called?

Answer 11

Meatuses

Question 12

Sensory cells that detect odors

Answer 12

Olfactory mucosa

Question 13

This is made up of Ciliated epithelium and goblet cells, this is called?

Answer 13

Respiratory mucosa

Question 14

Paranasal sinuses and __________ ___________ drain into the nasal cavity.

Answer 14

Lacrimal ducts

Question 15

This has stiff guard hairs that block insects and debris from entering, what is it?

Answer 15

The vestibule

Question 16

Muscular funnel which passes air, food and drinks through is called what?

Answer 16

The pharynx

Question 17

There are three parts of the pharynx what are they?

Answer 17

Nasopharynx
Oropharynx
Laryngo-pharynx

Question 18

Posterior to choanae to the soft palate is called what?

Answer 18

Nasopharynx

Question 19

Soft palate to the epiglottis is called what?

Answer 19

Oropharynx

Question 20

Epiglottis to the cricoid cartilage is called what?

Answer 20

Laryngo-pharynx

Question 21

This keeps food and drink out of airway in produces sound what is it?

Answer 21

Larynx (voice box)

Question 22

There are four structures that make up The larynx, what are they?

Answer 22

Epiglottis
Vestibular folds
Cartilages
Glottis

Question 23

This closes the airway and directs food and drink into the esophagus, it is called?

Answer 23

The epiglottis

Question 24

These keep food and drink out of the airway, they are called?

Answer 24

Vestibular folds

Question 25

Epiglottis, thyroid, cricoid, arytenoid, corniculate, and cuneiform cartilages are all?

Answer 25

Cartilages of the larynx

Question 26

Vocal cords and the opening between them are called?

Answer 26

Glottis

Question 27

What produces Sound when Air passes between them?

Answer 27

Vocal cords

Question 28

What is the rigid tube that directs air to the lungs?

Answer 28

Trachea (windpipe)

Question 29

Supported by 16 to 20 C shaped Cartilaginous rings that reinforce the trachea and keep it from collapsing when you inhale

Answer 29

Trachea

Question 30

Smooth muscle that contracts or relaxes to adjust airflow is called?

Answer 30

Trachealis

Question 31

Mucus traps particles and cilia drives mucus toward the pharynx

Answer 31

Mucociliary escalator

Question 32

Lower most tracheal cartilage that directs the airflow to the lungs?

Answer 32

Carina

Question 33

The base of this organ rests on the diaphragm, what is it?

Answer 33

The lung

Question 34

The apex of this organ projects above the clavicle, It is?

Answer 34

The lungs

Question 35

The broad surface of the lung pressed against the rib cage?

Answer 35

Coastal surface

Question 36

Surface of the lung that faces medially?

Answer 36

Mediastinal surface

Question 37

The slit through which bronchus, blood vessels, LV and nerves pass

Answer 37

Hilum

Question 38

Indentation where the heart presses against the lung?

Answer 38

Cardiac impression (notch)

Question 39

This organ is divided into lobes

Answer 39

The lungs

Question 40

What is the branched system of air tubes arising from the fork in the trachea?

Answer 40

Bronchial tree conduction division

Question 41

the main bronchi - the lobar bronchi-Segmental bronchi -Bronchioles - Terminal bronchioles

Answer 41

The branches of the bronchial tree

Question 42

These have elastic connective tissue, smooth muscle and cartilage what are they?

Answer 42

Bronchi

Question 43

Structures with alveoli?

Answer 43

Respiratory division

Question 44

Respiratory bronchioles - Alveolar ducts - Alveolar sacs - Alveoli

Answer 44

Branches of the respiratory division

Question 45

Little sac that provides surface for gas exchange?

Answer 45

Alveolus

Question 46

Allows for rapid gas diffusion between air and blood?

Answer 46

Squamous alveolar cells

Question 47

Repairs alveolar epithelium and secretes pulmonary surfactant which prevents alveoli from collapsing when one exhales?

Answer 47

Great alveolar cells

Question 48

Keep alveoli free of debris?

Answer 48

Alveolar macrophages

Question 49

Barrier between alveolar air and blood, consisting of alveolar cell, basement membrane, and endothelial cell?

Answer 49

Respiratory membrane

Question 50

Serous membrane covering the surface of the lung?

Answer 50

Visceral Pleura

Question 51

Serous membrane adhering to the inner surface of the rib cage and superior surface of the diaphragm?

Answer 51

Parietal pleura

Question 52

Space between the pleura containing pleural fluid to stop friction of lungs?

Answer 52

Pleural cavity

Question 53

These reduce friction, create a pressure gradient, and compartmentalize?

Answer 53

The pleurae and pleural fluid

Question 54

A repetitive cycle of inspiration and expiration?

Answer 54

Pulmonary ventilation (breathing)

Question 55

When the diaphragm contracts it does what?

Answer 55

Tenses and flattens

Question 56

Next this enlarges the thoracic cavity and lungs and does what to the pressure producing an inflow of air?

Answer 56

Lowers the pressure

Question 57

When the diaphragm relaxes, it does what?

Answer 57

It bulges upward again

Question 58

How do the internal and external intercostal muscles aid the diaphragm?

Answer 58

By raising the rib cage

Question 59

What do the scalene's, pectoralis muscles, sternocleidomastoid and serratus anterior do to the ribs during forced inspiration?

Answer 59

They elevate the ribs