Chapter 28: Reproductive system (Female reproductive system) (Lecture) SYDNEY

Question 1

Most important organ in both male & female reproductive system is the _________

Answer 1

gonad

Question 2

What does the gonad do?

Answer 2

Organ that produces the gametes (sex cells) (in women it produces oocyte)

Question 3

The ovary in women are _________

Answer 3

Paired, hve a left & right ovary

Question 4

What is the structure of the ovary?

Answer 4

• Tunica albuginea (which is the outtermost layer, white surface of the ovary)
• Cortex (contains follicles )
• Medulla (contains the blood supply, & located in the inner layer, Where all oocytes are produced)

Question 5

The ovary is connected by the ___________ ligament, which is a fetal remnant

Answer 5

Ovarian Ligament

Question 6

The _____________ Ligament is also attached to the ovary & its important because it contains the ovarian blood supply

Answer 6

Suspensory Ligament

Question 7

The ___________ is a broad ligament that is attached to the Uterus

Answer 7

Mesentery

Question 8

The Uterus is also attached to the ___________ ligament which is also a fetal remnant

Answer 8

Round ligament

Question 9

The ____________ ligament is a strong attachment between the Uterus and the sacrum

Answer 9

Uterosacral Ligament

Question 10

Oocytes are ___________

Answer 10

Female gametes

Question 11

The developmental process of oocytes is called _____________

Answer 11

Oogenesis (formation of oocytes)

Question 12

Forming oocytes the process begins in the females _________

Answer 12

Fetus (primary oocytes, starts meiosis)

Question 13

At the end of prophase 1 of meiosis, there is about _______- oocytes

Answer 13

1.5 M at birth

Question 14

By puberty, there are about __________ oocytes

Answer 14

400,000

Question 15

Oocyte is surrounded by _________ cells which support the oocytes

Answer 15

Follicular cells

Question 16

What are some other functions of the Follicular cells do for the oocytes?

Answer 16

Secrete estrogen ( changes urine linging)

Question 17

Primary follicles are surrounded by __________ cells which make the outer lining for it & its function is to produce _________

Answer 17

Granulosa cells, estrogen

Question 18

When primary follicles mature they become ____________ follicles

Answer 18

secondary follicles

Question 19

secondary follicles contain many layer of Granulosa cells, & have a fluid filled space surrounded by Granulosa cells called ___________

Answer 19

Antrum

Question 20

Secondary follicles will later become __________ follicles

Answer 20

Mature follicles

Question 21

What are the different names for mature follicles?

Answer 21

Vesicular follicle & Graafian follicle

Question 22

How can you distinguish a mature follicle?

Answer 22

Has alot of antrum in it

Question 23

A mature follicle is a ___________ oocyte which has finished meiosis 1

Answer 23

Secondary oocyte

Question 24

Follicle cells that stay behind form what?

Answer 24

Corpus luteum (yellow body, No oocyte (after ovulation))

Question 25

What is the function of the Corpus luteum?

Answer 25

Secretes progesterone & estrogen

Question 26

What is the function of progesterone in the Corpus luteum?

Answer 26

Maintain uterine lining for possible implantation

Question 27

If there is no implantation the corpus luteum later degenerates & becomes ______________

Answer 27

Corpus albicans

Question 28

When a Corpus albicans forms what happens?

Answer 28

corpus luteum break down & become a scar tissue

Question 29

_____________ conducts the eggs from the ovary to the uterus

Answer 29

Uterine Tubes (Fallopian Tubes)

Question 30

The __________ is nearest to the ovary but not attached to the ovary

Answer 30

Infundibulum

Question 31

The ___________ are finger like-folds that are part of the Infundibulum

Answer 31

Fimbriae

Question 32

What is the function of the Fimbriae?

Answer 32

Guide oocytes to urterine tube

Question 33

Ampulla is known as an _____________ region (its after the infundibulum)

Answer 33

expanded

Question 34

What is the importance of the Ampulla?

Answer 34

Its typically the site of fertilization

Question 35

Where is the Isthmus located at?

Answer 35

Medial to the Ampulla

Question 36

The uterine part of the uterine tube is ________________

Answer 36

Is continuous with the wall of the uterus

Question 37

Within the uterine tubes, the __________ is folded

Answer 37

Mucosa

Question 38

The Mucosa folds are covered with what tissue type?

Answer 38

Simple columnar epithelium & they are ciliated to transport oocytes to the uterus

Question 39

______________ is also located in the walls of the uterine tube which participates in peristalsis, which also moves the oocyte toward the uterus

Answer 39

Muscularis

Question 40

What is the uterus's main function?

Answer 40

Maintains pregnancy

Question 41

Describe how the uterus looks

Answer 41

Its a thick wall muscular organ

Question 42

Describe the location of the uterus

Answer 42

Its anterosuperiorly orientated, superior to the bladder & its located in the pelvic cavity

Question 43

What are the main regions of the uterus?

Answer 43

1. Fundus (top-dome looking part) 2. Body (main part of the uterus) 3. Cervix (inferior part of the uterus)

Question 44

The outermost layer of the uterus is called ___________

Answer 44

Perimetrium

Question 45

What tissue type is the Perimetrium? & is continuous with ___________ ligament

Answer 45

A serous membrane & is also continuous with the broad ligament of the uterus

Question 46

___________ is the muscular layer of the uterus that functions in labor contractions

Answer 46

Myometrium

Question 47

The ____________ is the innermost layer of the uterus

Answer 47

Endometrium

Question 48

The very innermost layer of the Endometrium is ___________

Answer 48

Mucosa (thick layer)

Question 49

Deep in you have _____________

Answer 49

Uterine glands

Question 50

The Endometrium has what two layers?

Answer 50

1. Basal layer (doesnt change in thickness) 2. Functional layer (changes alot, it grows (thickens) or sheds depending on the menstrual cycle (caused by the level of estrogen & progesterone in the body)

Question 51

Describe the vagina

Answer 51

It's a thick-walled muscular tube (also known as the birth canal)

Question 52

What is the function of the vagina?

Answer 52

Its the female copulatory organ

Question 53

What is the lining of the vagina made of?

Answer 53

Muscoa

Question 54

The mucosa in the vagina is made up of what?

Answer 54

Nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium

Question 55

Where is the breast located at?

Answer 55

On the anterior side of the thoracic wall

Question 56

What are the breasts composed of?

Answer 56

Composed of fat & glandular tissue

Question 57

The breast is supported by the ____________ ligament

Answer 57

Suspensory ligament (Anchor to pectoralis major)

Question 58

What type of glands are in the center of the breast? and what does it do?

Answer 58

Mammary glands (they are divided into lobes that have alveoli that are the functional unit for producing milk)

Question 59

_________ proliferate during/after pregnancy, which causes the boobs to grow & shrink after

Answer 59

Alveoli

Question 60

Alveoli are connected to ________ ducts which drains the lobes (conduct the milk towards the nipple)

Answer 60

Lactiferous ducts

Question 61

_________ sinuses sit just below the nipple, are just a holding space for the milk

Answer 61

Lactiferous sinuses (most milk is produce on demand, not rlly stored)