The spine

Question 1

The vertebral column is not straight, which better supports the _____________ of the body

Answer 1

Weight

Question 2

What are the four spinal curvature?

Answer 2

1. Cervical
2. Thoracic
3. Lumbar
4. Sacral

Question 3

__________ are present at birth

Answer 3

Primary curves (Thoracic and sacral curves)

Question 4

_____________ appear after birth when the child learns to walk and help the legs carry the body

Answer 4

Secondary curves (Cervical and lumbar curves)

Question 5

Body

Answer 5

Anterior structure that bears the weight of the vertebrae

Question 6

Vertebral arch

Answer 6

Posterior structure to the body

Question 7

Vertebral foramen

Answer 7

Opening formed by connection of body and vertebral arch

Question 8

Vertebral canal

Answer 8

Formed by vertebral foramen from multiple, stacked vertebrae

Question 9

Intervertebral foramina

Answer 9

Opening in between adjacent vertebrae

Question 10

Pedicles

Answer 10

Two extensions that form vertebral arch

Question 11

Laminae

Answer 11

Two extensions from the pedicle that form the vertebral arch

Question 12

Spinous process

Answer 12

Projection from laminae

Question 13

Transverse process

Answer 13

Lateral projections from vertebral arch

Question 14

Superior and inferior articular process

Answer 14

Extend from junction of pedicles and laminae

Question 16

Articular facet

Answer 16

Smooth surface on articular process

Question 17

Intervertebral disc

Answer 17

Pad of fibrocartilage that separates adjacent vertebrae

Question 18

Annulus fibrosus

Answer 18

Outer ring of fibrocartilage of the intervertebral discs

Question 19

Nucleus pulposus

Answer 19

Inner ring of the intervertebral dis

Question 20

What are the five regions that the spine is divided into?

Answer 20

1. Cerival Vertebrae
2. Thoracic Vertebrae
3. Lumbar Vertebrae
4. Sacrum (Sacral Vertebrae)
5. Cocyx (Tailbone)

Question 21

Cervical vertebrae are a group of 7 vertebrae (C1-C7) that support the __________

Answer 21

Head & Neck

Question 22

_____________ are openings that houses the vertebral artery and vein

Answer 22

Transverse foramina

Question 23

Transverse foramina is only found in the ___________ vertebrae

Answer 23

Cervical vertebrae

Question 24

_______ joins with the skull and spine with atlanto-occipital joint

Answer 24

Atlas (C1)

Question 25

Feature of the Atlas (C1) (Prt of the cervical vertebrae)

Answer 25

1. Lacks a body and spinous process, has articular facets for dens 2. Contain depressed, oval superior and inferior articular facets that articulate with the occipital condyles

Question 26

Axis (C2) will ______ with atlas (alantoaxial joint) (Part of the cervical vertebrae)

Answer 26

Fuse

Question 27

Feature of Axis C₂ (Part of the cervical vertebrae)

Answer 27

1. Dens - Pivot for rotational movement of the skull 2. Facets - Form joint with occipital condyles

Question 28

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ transitions from cervical vertebra to thoracic vertebrae

Answer 28

Vertebra Prominens (C₇)

Question 29

The thoracic vertebrae (T1 - T12) are a group of 12 vertebrae, and each forms a joint with a \_\_\_\_\_

Answer 29

Rib

Question 30

Features of the Thoracic vertebrae

Answer 30

1. Distinguished by costal facets (costal demifacets), projections that form joints with ribs 2. Increase in size as they move from cervical towards lumbar vertebra