Chapter 3 Exam 1 Flashcards
(156 cards)
1
Q
external opening of the rectum located between the buttocks
A
Anus
2
Q
(appendic/o) thin tube closed at the distal end hanging from the cecum
A
Appendix
3
Q
(chol/e) yellow green; bitter tasting; thick fluid that is a combination of mucus; fluid; billirub; and biliverdin
A
Bile
4
Q
(cec/o) short sac of the large intestine
A
Cecum
5
Q
longest part of the large intestine. travels through all 4 quadrants of the abdomen
A
Colon
6
Q
10 inch C shaped segment that begins at the stomach
A
Duodenum
7
Q
a flexible; muscular tube that connects the pharynx to the stomach
A
Esophagus
8
Q
(cholecyst/o) teardrop shaped; dark green sac posterior to the liver that concentrates and stores bile
A
Gallbladder
9
Q
organs connected to a common pathway where food enters the body; is ingested; and is then eliminated from the body.
A
Gastrointestinal system (GI system)
10
Q
12 foot segment where the absorption of nutrients is completed
A
Ileum
11
Q
8 foot segment that repeatedly twists and turns in the abdominal cavity
A
Jejunum
12
Q
larger tube that received undigested material and some water from the small intestine. Contains cecum; colon; rectum; & anus
A
Large intestine
13
Q
(hepat/o) large; dark red-brown organ; located in the upper abdomen
A
Liver
14
Q
the hard bone and posterior soft tissues that form the roof of the mouth
A
Palate
15
Q
yellow; somewhat lumpy glad shaped like an elongated triangle that secretes digestive enzymes
A
Pancreas
16
Q
coordinated contractions
A
Peristalsis
17
Q
located at the distal end of the stomach
A
Pyloric sphincter
18
Q
short; straight segment that connects to the outside of the body
A
Rectum
19
Q
deep folds of the gastric mucosa that expand as the stomach fills with food
A
Rugae
20
Q
three pairs of glands that secrete saliva into the mouth
A
Salivary gland
21
Q
long; hollow tube that receives chime from the stomach. Consists of the duodenum; jejunum; and illeum
A
Small intestine (also known as small bowel)
22
Q
(gastr/o) large; elongated sac in the upper abdominal cavity
A
Stomach
23
Q
(lingu/o; gloss/o) large muscle that fills the oral cavity ad assists with eating and talking; contains receptors for the sense of taste
A
Tongue
24
Q
fleshy hanging part of the soft palate; plays a role in speech; during swallowing it initiates the gag reflex to prevent food from entering the pharynx before the epiglottis closes over the larynx
A
Uvula
25
decreased appetite because of disease of the gastrointestinal side effects of a drug
Anorexia
26
Anorexia word breakdown
1. An- without 2. orex/o-appetite 3. ia condition; thing
27
difficult or painful eating or swallowing
Dysphagia
28
Dysphagia word breakdown
1. dys- painful; difficult; abnormal 2. phag/o eating; swallowing 3. ia condition; state; thing
29
a stone that forms in the salivary gland and becomes lodged in the duct; blocking the flow of saliva.
Sialolithiasis
30
Sialolithiasis word breakdown
1. sial/o saliva 2. lith/oÿ stone 3. iasisÿstate of
31
inflammation of the oral mucosa
Stomatitis
32
Stomatitis word breakdown
1. stomat/oÿmouth 2. itis inflammation of
33
indigestion with mild; temporary epigastric pain; sometimes with gas or nausea
Dyspepsia
34
Dyspepsia word breakdown
1. dys- painful; abnormal 2. peps/o digestion 3. ia condition; thing
35
swollen; protruding veins in the mucosa of the lower esophagus or stomach
Varices
36
acute or chronic inflammation of the stomach due to spicy foods; excess acid production; or a bacterial infection
Gastritis
37
Gastritis word breakdown
1. Gastr/o stomach 2. itis inflammation of
38
acute inflammation or infection of the stomach and intestines due to a virus or bacterium
Gastroenteritis
39
Gastroenteritis word breakdown
1. gastr/o stomach 2. enter/o intestine 3. itis inflammation of
40
chronic inflammation and irritation due to reflux of stomach acid back into the esophagus because the lower sphincter does not close tightly
Gastroesophageal reflux diseaseÿ(GERD)
41
Gastroesophageal reflux diseaseÿ(GERD) word breakdown
gastr/o stomach esophag/o esophagus itis inflammation of
42
vomiting of blood because of bleeding in the stomach or esophagus
Hematemesis
43
Hematemesis word breakdown
hemat/o blood eme/o vomiting sis condition; process
44
the reflux of small amounts of food and acid back into the mouth; but without vomiting
Regurgitation
45
Regurgitation word breakdown
regurgitat/o- flow backward ion action
46
chronic irritation; buring pain; and erosion of the mucosa to form an ulcer
Peptic ulcer disease (PUD)
47
Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) word breakdown
pept/o- digestion ic pertaining to
48
abnormal absence of peristalsis in the small intestine
Ileus
49
telescoping of one segment of intestine inside the lumen of the next segment
Intussusception
50
Intussusception
intussuscep/o- to receive within ion a process being or having
51
twisting or rotating the intestine around itself because of a structural abnormality of the mesentery.
Volvulus
52
inflammation and infection of the appendix
Appendicitis
53
Appendicitis word breakdown
appendic/o- appendix itis inflammation of
54
cancerous tumor of the colon
Colon cancer
55
weakness in the wall of the colon where the mucosa forms a pouch or tube
Diverticulum
56
Diverticulum word breakdown
diverticul/o- diverticulum osis condition; process
57
bacterial infection caused by an unusual strain of E. coli; a common bacterium in the large intestine
Dysentery
58
Dysentery word breakdown
dys- painful; difficult; abnormal entery condition of the intestine
59
chronic inflammation of various parts of the small and large intestines
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)
60
type of IBD that affects the ileum and colon
Crohn's Disease
61
disorder of the function of the colon; although the mucosa of the colon never shows any visible signs of inflammation
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)
62
small; fleshy; benign or precancerous growth in the mucosa of the colon
Polyp; polyps
63
swollen; protruding veins in the rectum or on the skin around the anus
Hemorrhoid; hemorrhoids
64
Hemorrhoid; hemorrhoids word breakdown
hemorrh/o- a flowing of blood oid resembling
65
inability to voluntarily control bowl movements
Incontinence
66
Incontinence word breakdown
ÿ in in; within; not contin/o- hold together ence state of
67
blood in the feces
Hematochezia
68
Hematochezia word breakdown
hemat/o- blood chez/o- to pass feces ia condition; state; thing
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dark; tar-like feces that contains digested blood from bleeding n the esophagus or stomach
Melena
70
Melena word breakdown
melen/oÿblack
71
greasy; frothy; foul-smelling feces that contain undigested fats
Steatorrhea
72
Steatorrhea word breakdown
steat/o- fat ÿ rrhea- flow; discharge
73
fibrous bands that form after surgery
Adhesions
74
Adhesions word breakdown
adhes/o- to stick to ion action; condition
75
the stomach bulges through the normal opening in the diaphragm for the esophagus
Hiatal hernia
76
Hiatal hernia word breakdown
hiat/o- gap; opening al pertaining to
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weakness in the muscle or abdominal wall
Hernia
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in the groin
Inguinal hernia
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Inguinal hernia word breakdown
inguin/o- groin al pertaining to
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intestine swells in the hernia sac and becomes trapped; the intestine can no longer be pushed back into the abdomen
Incarcerated hernia
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Incarcerated hernia word breakdown
incarcer/o- to imprison ated pertaining to a condition; composed of
82
inflammation and infection of the peritoneum
Peritonitis
83
Peritonitis word breakdown
periton/o- peritoneum itis inflammation of; infection of
84
accumulation of ascetic fluid in the abdominopelvic cavity
Ascites
85
chronic; progressive inflammation and finally irreversible degeneration of the liver; with nodules and scarring
Cirrhosis
86
Cirrhosis word breakdown
cirrh/o- yellow osis condition; abnormal condition; process
87
inflammation and infection of the liver from the hepatitis virus
Hepatitis
88
Hepatitis word breakdown
hepat/o- liver itis inflammation of; infection of
89
enlargement of the liver due to cirrhosis; hepatitis; or cancer
Hepatomegaly
90
Hepatomegaly word breakdown
hepat/o- liver megaly enlargment
91
yellowish discoloration of the skin and whites of the eyes
Jaundice
92
Jaundice word breakdown
jaud/o- yellow ice state; quality
93
acute or chronic inflammation of the gallbladder
Cholecystitis
94
Cholecystitis word breakdown
cholecyst/o- gallbladder itis inflammation of; infection of
95
one or more gallstones in the gallbladder
Cholelithiasis
96
Cholelithiasis word breakdown
chol/e- bile; gall lith/o- stone iasis state of; process of
97
Test for occult blood in the feces
Fecal occult blood test
98
hidden
Occult
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test that uses a culture to determine which bacterium is causing an intestinal infection and a sensitivity test to determine which antibiotic drugs it is sensitive to.
Stool culture and sensitivity (stool C&S)
100
Stool culture and sensitivity (stool C&S) word breakdown
Sensitive/o- affected by; sensitive to ity state; condition
101
procedure that uses liquid radiopaque contract (barium) inserted into the rectum and colon
Barium enemaÿ(BE)
102
Procedure that uses a liquid radiopaque contrast that is swallowed (a barium meal)
Upper gastrointestinal series (UGI)
103
procedure to insert a long; flexible NG tube through the nostril into the stomach
Insertion of nasogastric tube (NG tube)
104
Nasogastric word breakdown
nas/o- nose gastr/o- stomach ic pertaining to
105
procedure to remove the appendix because of appendicitis
Appendectomy
106
Appendectomy word breakdown
append/o- small structure hanging from a larger structure; appendix ectomy surgical removal
107
procedure to remove a small piece of tissue from an ulcer; polyp; mass; or tumor
Biopsy
108
Biopsy word breakdown
bi/o- life; living organism; living tissue opsy process or removing
109
procedure to remove a section of diseased intestine and rejoin the intestine
Bowel resection and anastomosis
110
Bowel resection and anastomosis word breakdown
resect/o- to cut out; remove ion action; condition anastom/o- create an opening between 2 structures osis condition; abnormal condition; process
111
procedure to remove the gallbladder
Cholecystectomy
112
Cholecystectomy word breakdown
cholecyst/o- gallbladder ectomy surgical removal
113
to examine the abdomen with an instrument
Laparoscopic
114
Laparoscopic word breakdown
lapr/o- abdomen scop/o ? examine with an instrument ic- pertaining to
115
procedure to remove the diseased part of the colon and create a new opening in the abdominal wall where feces can leave the body
Colostomy
116
Colostomy word breakdwon
col/o- colon ostomy surgical removal
117
mouth like opening
stoma
118
procedure that uses an endoscope to internally examine the GI tract
Endoscopy
119
Endoscopy word breakdown
endo-ÿÿinnermost; within scopy process of using an instrument to examine
120
visualization and examination of the esophagus
Esophagoscopy
121
visualization and examination of the stomach
Gastroscopy
122
visualization and examination of the esophagus first; followed by the stomach; and then the duodenum
Esophagogastroduodenoscopyÿ(EGD)
123
visualization and examination of the rectum and sigmoid colon using a sigmoidoscope
Sigmoidoscopy
124
visualization and examination of the entire colon after the colonoscope is passed through the rectum
Colonoscopy
125
procedure to remove all or part of the stomach because of a cancerous or benign tumor
Gastrectomy
126
Gastrectomy word breakdown
gastr/o- stomach ectomy surgical removal
127
procedure to create a temporary or permanent opening from the abdominal wall into the stomach to insert a gastrostomy feeding tube
Gastrostomy
128
Gastrostomy word breakdown
gastr/o- stomach stomy surgically created opening
129
procedure to remove hemorrhoids from the rectum or around the anus
Hemorrhoidectomy
130
Hemorrhoidectomy word breakdown
hemorrhoid/o- hemorrhoid ectomy surgical removal
131
procedure that uses sutures to close a defect in the muscle wall where there is a hernia
Herniorrhaphy
132
Herniorrhaphy word breakdown
herni/o- hernia rrhaphy procedure of suturing
133
procedure to created a temporary or permanent opening from the abdominal wall into the jejunum through which to insert a jejunostomy feeding tube
Jejunostomy
134
Jejunostomy word breakdown
ÿjejun/o- jujunum stomy surgically created opening
135
procedure to remove polyps from the colon using forceps
Polypectomy
136
Polypectomy word breakdown
polyp/o- polyp ectomy surgical removal
137
BE
Barium Enema
138
EGD
Esophagogastroduodenoscopy
139
ERCP
endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
140
GERD
gastroesphageal reflux disesase
141
GI
gastrointestinal
142
HAV
hepatitis A Virus
143
HBV
hepatitis B Virus
144
HCV
hepatitis C Virus
145
IBD
inflammatory bowel disease
146
IBS
irritable bowel disease
147
LLQ
left lower quadrant
148
LUQ
left upper quadrant
149
N&V
nausea and vomiting
150
NG
nasogatric
151
NPO (n.p.o.)
nothing by mouth
152
P.O. (p.o.)
by mouth
153
PUD
peptic ulcer disease
154
RLQ
right lower quadrant
155
RUQ
right upper quadrant
156
UGI
upper gastrointestinal
