Chapter 5 Exam 2 Flashcards
(135 cards)
1
Q
largest artery that carries oxygenated blood from the left ventricle to the body
A
Aorta
2
Q
heart valve between the left ventricle and the aorta
A
aortic valve
3
Q
smallest branch of an artery
A
arteriole
4
Q
blood vessel that carries oxygenated blood away from the heart to the body
A
artery
5
Q
small area of tissue between the right atrium and right ventricle; part of the conduction system of the heart and receives electrical impulses from the SA node
A
atrioventricular (AV) node
6
Q
each of the two upper chambers of the heart
A
atrium
7
Q
part of the conduction system of the heart after the bundle of his
A
bundle branches
8
Q
Part of the conduction system of the heart after the AV node. It splits into the right and left bundle branches
A
bundle of His
9
Q
body system that includes the heart and the blood vessels
A
cardiovascular system
10
Q
resting period between contractions
A
diastole
11
Q
heart valve between the left atrium and the left ventricle
A
mitral valve
12
Q
another name for the mitral valve
A
bicuspid valve
13
Q
artery that caries blood away from the heart to the lungs
A
pulmonary artery
14
Q
heart valve between the right ventricle and the pulmonary trunk and pulmonary arteries
A
pulmonary valve
15
Q
vein that carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart
A
pulmonary vein
16
Q
central wall that divides the heart into right and left sides
A
septum
17
Q
pacemaker of the heart; small area of tissue in the posterior wall of the right atrium; originates the electrical impulse for the entire conduction system of the heart
A
sinoatrial (SA) node
18
Q
contraction of the atria or the ventricles
A
systole
19
Q
heart valve between the right atrium and right ventricle
A
tricuspid valve
20
Q
constriction of smooth muscle in the wall of a blood vessel that causes it to become smaller in diameter
A
vasoconstriction
21
Q
relaxation of smooth muscle in the wall of a blood vessel that causes it to become larger in diameter
A
vasodilation
22
Q
blood vessel that carries blood from the body back to the heart
A
vein
23
Q
ven/o
A
vein
24
Q
largest veins
A
vena cava
25
carries blood from the head; neck; arms; and chest back to the right atrium of the heart
superior vena cava
26
carries blood from the abdomen; pelvis; and legs back to the right atrium
inferior vena cava
27
smallest branch of a vein
venule
28
structure that opens and closes to control the flow of blood
valve; valves
29
each of two large; lower chambers of the heart
ventricle
30
mild to severe chest pain cause by ischemia of the myocardium
angina pectoris
31
angina word breakdown
angina/o angina -al pertaining to
32
enlargement of the heart; usually due to congestive heart failure
Cardiomegaly
33
cardiomegaly word breakdown
cardi/o- heart my/o- muscle -pathy disease
34
inability of the heart to pump sufficient amounts of blood; cause by coronary artery disease or hypertension
congestive heart failure (CHF)
35
Congestive heart failure word breakdown
congest/o- accumulation of fluid; ive pertaining to
36
death of myocardial cells due to sever ischemia
myocardial infarction (MI)
37
myocardial word breakdown
my/o- muscle cardi/o- heart -al pertaining to
38
dead tissue
Necrosis
39
necrosis word breakdown
necr/o- dead cells; tissue or body -osis condition; abnormal condition; process
40
inflammation and bacterial infection of the endocardium lining a heart valve
Endocarditis
41
endocarditis word breakdown
end/i- innermost; within card/i- heart -it is inflammation of; infection of
42
abnormal heart sound created by turbulence as blood leaks through a defective heart
Murmur
43
inflammation or infection of the pericardial sac with an excessive accumulation of pericardial fluid
Pericarditis
44
pericarditis word breakdown
peri- around card/i- heart -it is inflammation of infection of
45
· autoimmune response to a noncardiac streptococcal infection; such as strep throat
rheumatic heart disease
46
rheumatic word breakdown
rheumat/o- watery discharge -ic pertaining to
47
· valves become scarred and narrowed
Stenosis
48
stenosis word breakdown
sten/o- narrowness; constriction -osis condition; abnormal condition; process
49
structural abnormality in which the leaflets of the mitral valve do not close tightly
· mitral valve prolapse (MVP)
50
any type of irregularity in the rate or rhythm of the heart
· arrhythmia
51
Arrhythmia word breakdown
a- away from; without rrhythm/o- rhythm -ia condition; statel; thing
52
another name for arrhythmia
Dysrhythmia
53
Dysrhythmia word breakdown
Dys- painful; difficult; abnormal Ryhythm/o- rhythm ia condition; state; thing
54
· arrhythmia in which the heart beats too slowly
Bradycardia
55
bradycardia word breakdown
brady- slow card/I heart -ia condtion; state; thing
56
· no heartbeat
Asystole
57
asystole word breakdown
a- away from; without -systole contraction
58
asystole aka
cardiac arrest
59
arrhythmia in which there is a very fast but regular rhythm
flutter
60
arrhythmia in which there is a very fast; uncoordinated quivering of the myocardium
Fibrillation
61
Fibrillation word breakdown
fibril/o- muscle fiber; nerve fiber -ation a process; being or having
62
an uncomfortable sensation felt in the chest during a premature contraction of the heart
· Palpitation
63
palpit/o
to throb
64
· arrhythmia in which there is a fast but regular rhythm
Tachycardia
65
an episode of tachycardia that occurs suddenly and then goes away without treatment
paroxysmal tachycardia
66
tachycardia word breakdown
tachy- fast card/i- heart -ia conditionl state; thing
67
area of dilation and weakness in the wall of an artery
· aneurysm
68
progressive degenerative changes that produce a narrowed; hardened artery
· Arteriosclerosis
69
atherosclerosis word breakdown
arteri/o- artery scler/o- heart -osis condition; abnormal condition; process
70
a harsh; rushing sound made by blood passing through an artery narrowed and roughened by atherosclerosis
· Bruit
71
arteriosclerosis of the coronary arteries
· coronary artery disease (CAD)
72
elevated levels of lipids (fats) in the blood
· hyperlipidemia
73
hyperlipidemia word breakdown
hyper- above; more than normal -emia condition of the blood; substance in the blood
74
· : elevated blood pressure
hypertension (HTN)
75
hypertension word breakdown
hyper- above; more than normal tens/o - pressure; tension -ion action; condition
76
· blood pressure lower than 90/60; usually because of a loss of blood volume
Hypotension
77
hypotenision word breakdown
hypo- below; deficient tens/o - pressure; tension -ion action; condition
78
· atherosclerosis of the arteries in the legs
peripheral artery disease (PAD)
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peripher/o
outer aspects
80
· inflammation of a vein; usually accompanied by infection
Phlebitis
81
phleb/o
vein
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· phlebitis with the formation of a thrombus (blood clot)
Thrombophlebitis
83
thromb/o
thrombus
84
· damaged or incompetent valves in a vein that allow blood to flow backward and collect in the preceding section of vein
varicose veins
85
varicose word breakdown
varic/o- varix; varicose vein -ose full of
86
test to measure the levels of enzymes that are released into the blood when myocardial cells die during a myocardial infarction
· cardiac enzymes
87
procedure performed to study the anatomy and pressures in the heart
cardiac catheterization
88
catheterization word breakdown
catheter/o- catheter -ization process of making; creating or inserting
89
• : procedure that records the electrical activity of the heart
electrocardiography (ECG; EKG)
90
electrocardiography word breakdown
electr/o- electricity card/i- heart -graphy process of recording
91
procedure during which the patient’s heart rate and rhythm are continuously monitored as an outpatient for 24 hours
· Holter monitor
92
procedure to monitor a patient’s heart rate and rhythm in the hospital
Telemetry
93
telemetry word breakdown
tele/o- distance -metry process of measuring
94
· procedure in which radiopaque contrast dye is injected into a blood vessel to fill and outline it.
Angiography
95
angiography word breakdown
angi/o- blood vessel; lymphatic vessel graphy- process of recording
96
procedure that uses a transducer to produce ultra high-frequency sound waves (ultrasound) that are bounced off the heart to create an image
· Echocardiography
97
echocardiography word breakdown
ech/o- echo cardi/o-heart -graphy process of recording
98
images the flow of blood in an artery or vein
· Doppler
99
procedure to treat an arrhythmia that cannot be controlled with antiarrhythmic drugs
cardioversion
100
cardioversion device
Defibrillator
101
cardioversion word breakdown
cardi/o- heart vers/o to travel; to turn -ion action; condition
102
defibrillator word breakdown
de- reversal of without fibril/o- muscle fiber; nerve fiber -ator person who prodces or does; thing that produces
103
measures blood pressure; consists of a thin; inflatable cuff that wraps around the arm (or leg); a hand bulb that is pumped to increase the pressure in the cuff; a regulating valve that is opened to read the pressure.
Sphygmomanometer
104
sphygmomanometer word breakdown
sphygm/o- pulse man/o- thing; frenzy -meter instrument used to measure
105
procedure to remove an aneurysm and repair the defect in the artery wall
Aneurysmectomy
106
aneurysmectomy word breakdown
aneyrysm/o- aneyrysm -ectomy surgical removal
107
cary bypass: procedure used during open heart surgery in which the patient’s blood is re-routed through a cannula in the femoral vein to a heart-lung machine
ardiopulmon
108
cardiopulmonary word breakdown
cardi/o- heart pulmon/o- lung -ary pertaining to
109
procedure to bypass an occluded coronary artery and restore blood flow to the myocardium
coronary artery bypass graft (CABG)
110
procedure in which an automated devise is implanted to control the heart rate and rhythm in a patient with an arrhythmia
pacemaker insertion
111
procedure to reconstruct a coronary artery that is narrowed because of atherosclerosis
percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA)
112
procedure to reconstruct a heart valve to correct stenosis or prolapse
Valvoplasty
113
procedure to replace a severely damaged or prolapsed heart valve
valve replacement
114
replacement
prosthetic
115
replacement valve from an animal
Xenograft
116
valvoplasty word breakdown
valv/o- valva -plastty process of reshaping by surgery
117
prosthetic word breakdown
prosthet/o- artificial part -ic pertaining to
118
Xenograft word breakdown
xen/o- foreign -graft tissue for implant or transplant
119
AAA
abdominal aortic aneurysm
120
AV
atrioventricular
121
BP
blood pressure
122
CABG
coronary artery bypass graft (“cabbage”)
123
CAD
coronary artery disease
124
CCU
coronary care unit
125
CHF
congestive heart failure
126
EKG or ECG
electrocardiography
127
HTN
hypertension
128
MI
myocardial infarction
129
mm Hg (as in the text) or mmHg
millimeters of mercury
130
MVP
mitral valve prolapse
131
NSR
normal sinus rhythm
132
PAD
peripheral artery disease
133
PTCA
percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty
134
PVC
premature ventricular contraction
135
SA
sinoatrial
