Chapter 13 Exam 3 Flashcards
(228 cards)
1
Q
the study of females
A
gynecology
2
Q
the knowledge and practice (of treating women during) pregnancy and childbirth)
A
Obstetrics
3
Q
external and internal organs and structures of the female genital and reproductive system
A
genital organs
4
Q
female genital and reproductive system that is in close proximity to the urinary system
A
genitourinary system
5
Q
the ovaries or sex glands in a female
A
gonads
6
Q
small; egg-shaped gland near the end of the uterine tube
A
ovary
7
Q
narrow tube that is connected at one end of the uterus
A
uterine tube
8
Q
uterine tube AKA
A
oviduct
9
Q
narrow; most inferior part of the uterus
A
cervix
10
Q
cervic/o-
A
neck; cervix
11
Q
innermost layer of the uterus that lines the intrauterine cavity; mucous membrane that contains many glands; thickens and then is shed during the menstrual cycle
A
endometrium
12
Q
metri/o-
A
uterus (womb)
13
Q
internal female organ of menstruation and pregnancy
A
uterus
14
Q
rounded top part of the uterus
A
fundus
15
Q
short tubular structure connected at its superior end to the cervix and at its inferior end to the outside of the body
A
vagina
16
Q
vagin/o-
A
vagina
17
Q
the elastic membrane that partially or completely covers the inferior end of the vaginal canal
A
hymen
18
Q
organ of sexual response in the female that enlarges and becomes engorged with blood
A
clitoris
19
Q
area of skin between the vulva and the anus
A
perineum
20
Q
area between the inner thighs that includes the external genitalia as well as the mons pubis
A
Vulva
21
Q
the pigmented area around the nipple of the breast
A
areola
22
Q
areol/o-
A
small area around the nipple
23
Q
the breasts
A
mammary glands
24
Q
mamm/o-
A
breast
25
the first cycle of menstrucation at the onset of puberty
menarche
26
men/o-
month
27
a 28 day cycle that consists of the menstrual phase; poliferative phase; ovulation; secretory phase; and ischemic phase
menstrual cycle
28
process in which the endometrium of the uterus is shed each month; causing a flow of blood and tissue through the vagina
menstrucation
29
menstru/o-
monthly discharge of blood
30
Day 14 of the menstrual cycle; luteinizing hormone from the anterior pituitary gland causes the ovarian follicle to rupture; releasing the mature ovum
ovulation
31
ovul/o-
ovum (egg)
32
surrounds and cushions the developing embryo and fetus
amniotic fluid
33
amni/o-
amnion (fetal membrane)
34
from the mother's standpoint; the period fo time from conception until labor and delivery
antepartum
35
a fertilized ovum (a zygote) is an embryo from 4 days after fertilization through 8 weeks of gestation
embryo
36
the act of spermatozoon uniting with an ovum;
fertilization
37
fertilization AKA
conception
38
an embryo becomes this at 9 weeks of gestation
fetus
39
fet/o-
fetus
40
the ovary releases two ova that are then fertilized at the same time but by different spermatozoa
fraternal twins
41
period of time from the moment of fertilization of the ovum until birth; approximately 9 months
gestation
42
gestat/o-
from conception to birth
43
an already developing zygote splits in two; develops into two separate but identical embryos
identical twins
44
large; pancake like organ that develops from the chorion; provides nutrients and oxygen to the developing fetus and removes carbon dioxide and waste products
placenta
45
states of being with child
pregnancy
46
pregn/o-
being with child
47
from the fetus' standpoint; the period of time from conception to birth
prenatal period
48
the fetus; placenta; and all fluids and tissue in the pregnant uterus
products of conception
49
a period of 3 months; pregnancy is divided into 3
trimester
50
ruberry; flexible cord that connects the placenta to the umbilicus (navel) of the fetus
umbilical cord
51
irregular uterine contractions during the last trimester; these strengthen the uterine muscle in preparation for labor
Braxton Hicks contractions
52
Braxton Hicks Contractions AKA
False labor
53
postion of the fetus in which the head is the presenting part that is first to go through the birth canal
cephalic presentation
54
first milk of the breasts
colostrum
55
the top of the fetal head is visible at the vaginal introitus
crowning
56
widening of the cervical os from 0cm to 10cm during labor to allow passage of the fetal head
dilation
57
thinning of the cervical wall; measured as a percentage from 0 to 100 percent
effacement
58
the fetal head drops in to position within the mother's pelvis in anticipation of birth
engagement
59
process by which the uterus gradually return to a normal size after childbirth
involution
60
production of colostrum and then breast milk by the mammary glands after childbirth
lactation
61
umbilic/o-
umbilicus; (navel)
62
efface/o-
do away with; obliterate
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lact/o-
milk
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from the mother's standpoint; the period of time after delivery
postpartum
65
rupture of the amniotic sac during the first stage of labor; with the relsease of amniotic fluid that flows out of the vagina
rupture of membreanes (ROM)
66
soft areas on the head between the bones of the cranium in a newborn
fontanels
67
the first stool passed by a newborn
meconium
68
reshaping of the fetal cranium as it passes through the mother's pelvic bones
molding
69
a newborn from the time of birth until 1 year of age
neonate
70
ne/o-
new
71
failure of the ovaries to release a mature ovum at the time of ovulatio; although the menstrual cycle is normal
anovulation
72
anovulation word breakdown
an- without; not ovul/o- ovum(egg) -ation process; being or having
73
cancerous tumor of an ovary
ovarian cancer
74
the ovaries contain multiple cysts
polycystic ovary syndrome
75
polycystic word breakdown
poly- many; much cyst/o- bladder; fluid filled sac; semisolid cyst -ic pertaining to
76
inflammation of infection of the uterine tube due to endometriosis or pelvic inflammatory disease
salpingitis
77
Salpingitis word breakdown
salping/o- uterine (fallopian tube) -it is inflammation of infection of
78
cancerous tumor of the endometrium of the uterus
endometrial cancer
79
uterus is bent backward in an abnormal position
retroflexion or retroversion
80
endometrial tissue in abnormal places
endometriosis
81
endometriosis word breakdown
endo- innermost; within metri/o- uterus (womb) -osis condition; abnormal condition; process
82
benign; fibrous tumor in the smooth muscle of the myometrium
leiomyoma
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leiomyoma word breakdown
lei/o- smoothe my/o- muscle -oma tumor; mass
84
cancerous smooth muscle tumor of the myometrium
leiomyosarcoma
85
leiomyosarcoma word breakdown
lei/o- smoothe my/o- muscle -oma sarc/o- connective tissue tumor; mass
86
inflammation or infection of the myometrium
myometritis
87
myometritis word breakdown
my/o- muscle metr/o- uterus (womb) -it is inflammation of infection of
88
infection of the cervix that ascends to the uterus; uterine tubes; and ovaries that is often casued by sexually transmitted disease
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)
89
inflammatory word breakdown
inflammat/o- redness and warmth -ory having the function of
90
descent of the uterus from its normal position; caused by the stretching of ligaments that support the uterus and weakness in the muscles of the floor of the pelvic cavity
uterine prolapse
91
absence of monthly menstrual periods; caused by a hormone imbalance; thyroid disease; or a tumor of the uterus or ovary
amenorrhea
92
amenorrhea word breakdown
a-away from; without men/o month -rrhea flow; discharge
93
sporadic menstrual bleeding without a true menstrual period
dysfunctional uterine bleeding
94
painful menstruation
dysmenorrhea
95
dysmenorrhea word breakdown
dys- painful; difficult; abnormal men/o-month -rrhea flow; discharge
96
normal cessation of menstrual periods; occuring around middle age
menopause
97
menopause word breakdown
men/o- month pause cessation
98
a menstrual period with excessively heavy flow or a menstural period that lasts longer than 7 days
menorrhagia
99
menorrhagia word breakdown
Men/o- month rrhage/o-excessive flow or discharge -ia condition; state; thing
100
a menstrual period with very light flow or infrequent menstrual cycles in women who previously had normal menstruation
oligomenorrhea
101
oligomenorrhea word breakdown
olig/o- scanty; few men/o- month -rrhea flow; discharge
102
breast tenderness; fluid retention; bloating and mild mood changes a few days before the onset of menstruation
premenstrual syndrome (PMS)
103
premenstrual word breakdown
pre- before; in front of menstru/o- monthly discharge of blood -al pertaining to
104
includes symptoms of PMS plus feelings of depression; anxiety; tearfulness; mood shifts; difficulty concentrating; sleeping and eating disturbance; and breast; joint and muscle pain
Premenstrual dysphoric disorder
105
cancerous tumor of the cervix
cervical cancer
106
if cervical cancer is localized
carcinoma in situ
107
carcinoma word breakdown
carcin/o- cancer -oma tumor/mass
108
abnormal growth of squamous cells in the surface layer of the cervix
cervical dysplasia
109
dysplasia word breakdown
dys-painful; difficult; abnormal plas/o- growth; formation -ia condition state thing
110
yeast infection of the vagina due to Candida albicans
candidiasis
111
candidiasis word breakdown
candidi/o- candida (a yeast) -iasis state of; process of
112
herniation of the bladder into the vagina because of a weakness in the vaginal wall
cystocele
113
cystocele word breakdown
cyst/o- bladder; fluid filled sac; semisolid cyst -cele hernia
114
herniation of the rectum into the vagina beacuase of a weakness in the vaginal walls
rectocele
115
rectocele word breakdown
rect/o- rectum -cele hernia
116
vaginal inflammation or infection
vaginitis
117
vaginitis word breakdown
vagin/o- vagina -it is inflammation of; infection of
118
cancerous tumor of the breast
breast cancer
119
benign condtion in which numerous fibrous and fluid filled cysts from in one or both of the breasts
fibrocystic
120
fibrocystic word breakdown
fibr/o-fiber cyst/o- bladder; fluid filled sac; semisolid cyst -ic pertaining to
121
birth position in which the presenting part of the fetus in not the head
abnormal presentation
122
the presenting part is the buttocks; buttocks and feet; or just the feet
breech
123
the shoulder or arm is the presenting part
malpresentation
124
complete or partial separation of the placenta from the uterine wall before the third stage of labor
abruptio placentae
125
the size of the fetal head exceeds the size of the opening in the mother's pelvic bones so the fetus cannot be born vaginally
cephalopelvic disproportion (CPD)
126
cephalopelvic word breakdown
cephal/o- head pelv/o- pelvis -ic pertaining to
127
any type of difficult or abnormal labor and delivery
dystocia
128
dystocia word breakdown
dys- painful; difficult; abnormal toc/o- labor -ia condition; state; thing
129
implantation of a fertilized ovum somewhere other than in the uterus
ectopic pregnancy
130
ectopic word breakdown
ectop/o-outside of a place -ic pertaining to
131
temporary disorder of glucose metabolism that occurs only during pregnancy
gestational diabetes
132
gestational word breakdown
gestat/o- from conception to birth -ion action; condition -al pertaining to
133
abnormal union of an ovum and spermatozoon
hydatidiform mole
134
hydatidiform word breakdown
hydatidi/o- fluid filled vesicles -form having the form of
135
spontaneous; premature dilation of the cervix during the second trimester
incompetent cervix
136
inflmmation or infection of the breast
mastitis
137
mastitis word breakdown
mast/o- breast; mastoid process -it is inflammation of; infection of
138
decreased volume of amniotic fluid
oligohydramnios
139
oligohydramnios word breakdown
olig/o- scanty; few hydr/o- water; fluid -amnios amniotic fluid
140
incorrect position of the placenta with its edge partially or completely covering the cervical canal
placenta previa
141
increased volume of amniotic fluid; caused by maternal diabetes; mellitus; twin gestation; or abnormalities in the fetus
polyhydramnios
142
polyhydramnios word breakdown
poly- many; much hydr/o water; fluid -amnios amniotic fluid
143
continual bleeding from the site where the placenta separated after delivery
postpartum hemorrhage
144
hemmorage word breakdown
hem/o- blood -rrhage excessive flow or discharge
145
hypertensive disorder of pregnancy with increased blood pressure; edema; weight gain; and protein in the urine
preeclampsia
146
preeclampsia word breakdown
pre-before; in front of eclamps/o- a seizure -ia condition state thing
147
regular uterine contraction that occur before the fetus is mature
premature labor
148
spontaneous rupture of the amniotic sac and loss of amniotic fluid before labor begins
premature rupture of membranes (PROM)
149
loss of pregnancy
spontaneous abortion
150
abortion word breakdown
abort/o- stop prematurely -ion actoin; condition
151
lack of oxygen to the fetys beacuase of decreased blood flow through the placenta or umbilical cord
fetal distress
152
yellowish discoloration of the skin in a newborn
jaundice
153
fetal distress causes the fetus to pass meconium into the amniotic fluid
meconium aspiration
154
aspiration word breakdown
aspir/o- to breathe in; to suck in -ation a process; being or having
155
umbilical cord is wrapped around the neck of the fetus
nuchal cord
156
nuchal word breakdown
nuch/o- neck -al pertaining to
157
difficulty inflating the lungs to breathe because of the lack of surfactant
respiratory distress syndrome (RDS)
158
respiratory word breakdown
re-again and again; backward; unable to spir/o- breathe; a coil -atory pertaining to
159
procedure to remove a small piece of tissue for examination under the microscrope to look for abnormal or cancerous cells
biopsy
160
biopsy word breakdown
bi/o- life; living organisms; living tissue -opsy process of viewing
161
screening cystology test used to detect abnormal cells or carcinoma in situ (CIS) in the cervix
pap smear
162
test of the amniotic fluid
amniocentesis
163
amniocentisis word breakdown
amni/o- amnion -centesis procedure to puncture
164
procedure that uses x-rays to create an image of the breast
mammography
165
mammography word breakdown
mamm/o-breast -graphy process of recording
166
procedure that uses ultra high frequency sound waves emitted by a tranducer or probe to produce an image on a computer screen
ultrasonography
167
ultrasonography word breakdown
ultra- beyond; higher son/o- sound -graphy process of recording
168
ultrasound image
sonogram
169
sonogram word breakdown
son/o- sound -gram a record or picture
170
uses an ultrasound probe inserted into the vagina to determine the thickness of the endometrium in patients with abnormal uterine bleeding
transvaginal ultrasound
171
transvaginal word breakdown
trans- across; through vagin/o- vagina -al pertaining to
172
procedure that uses a magnifying; lighted scope to visually examine the vagina and cervix
colposcopy
173
colposcopy word breakdown
colp/o- vagina -scopy process of using an instrument to examine
174
procedure to destory small areas of abnormal tissue on the cervix
cryosurgery
175
cyrosurgery word breakdown
cry/o-cold surg/o- operative procedure -ery process of
176
procedure in which a hooked instrument is inserted into the cervical os to rupture the amniotic sac and induce labor
amniotomy
177
amniotomy word breakdown
amni/o- amnion -tomy process of cutting or making an incision
178
procedure that assigns a score to a newborn at 1 and 5 mintues after birth
apgar score
179
local anesthesia produced by injecting an anesthetic drug into the epidural space between vertebrae in the lower back; blocks pain and sensation from the abdomen; perineum; and legs during labor and delivery
epidural anesthesia
180
epidural word breakdown
epi- upon; above dur/o- dura mater -al pertaining to
181
anesthesia word breakdown
an- without; not esthes/o- sensation; feeling -ia condition; state; thing
182
good prenatal care includes documentation of past pregnancies and deliveries
obstetrical history
183
a women who has never been pregnant and is not pregnant
nulligravida
184
nulligravida word breakdown
null/i- none -gravida pregnancy
185
a women who is pregnany for the first time
primigravida
186
primigravida word breakdown
prim/i- first -gravida pregnancy
187
in the past obstretrical history was documented as …
gravida and para
188
procedure to remove abnormal tissue from inside the uterus
dilation and curettage (D & C)
189
dilation word breakdown
dilat/o- dilate; widen -ion action; condition
190
procedure to remove the uterus
hysterectomy
191
hysterectomy word breakdown
hyster/o- uterus -ectomy surgical removal
192
procedure to remove leiomyomate (uterine fibroids) from the uterus
myomectomy
193
myomectomy word breakdown
my/o- muscle om/o tumor; mass -ectomy surgical removal
194
procedure to remove an overage beacause of large ovarian cysts or ovarian cancer
oophorectomy
195
oophorectomy word breakdown
oophor/o- ovary -ectomy surgical removal
196
procedure to remove the uterine tube because of ovarian cancer or an ectopic pregnancy in the tube
salpingectomy
197
salpingectomy word breakdown
salping/o- uterine (fallopian tube) -ectomy surgical removal
198
salpingo-oophorectomy word breakdown
salping/o- uterine (fallopian tube) oophor/o- ovary-ectomy surgical removal
199
removal of both uterine tubes and both ovaries
bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy
200
procedure to prevent pregnancy; short segment of each uterine tube is removed; the cut ends are sutured and then crused or cauterized
tubal ligation
201
tubal word breakdown
tub/o- tube -al pertaining to
202
ligation word breakdown
ligat/o- to tie up; to bind -ion action; condition
203
procedure to remaove a large; cone-shaped section of tissue that includes the cervical os and part of the cervical canal; used to diagnose a lesion or excise an abnormal area identified by a pap smear
conization
204
conization word breakdown
con/o- cone -ization process of makin; creating or inserting
205
procedure to change the size; shape; or postion of the breast
mammaplasty
206
mammaplasty word breakdown
mamm/a- breast -plasty process of reshaping by surgery
207
procedure to place a purse-string suture around the cervix to prevent it from dilating pre-maturely
cerclage
208
procedure to deliver a fetus through an incision in the abdominal wall and uterus
cesarean section
209
surgical incision in the posterior edge of the vagina and into the perineum to prevent a spontaneous tear during delivery of the baby's head
episiotomy
210
episiotomy word breakdown
episi/o- vulva -tomy process of cutting or making an incision
211
AB; Ab
abortion
212
AGA
appropriate for gestational age
213
BSO
bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy
214
Bx
biopsy
215
Ca
Cancer; carcinoma
216
CIS
carcinoma in situ
217
CPD
cephalopelvic disproportion
218
CS
cesarean section
219
D&C
dilation and curettage
220
DUB
dysfunctional uterine bleeding
221
EDB
Estimated DOB
222
EDC
Estimated date of confinement
223
EGA
estimated gestational age
224
PID
pelvic Inflammatory Disease
225
PMS
premenstrual syndrome
226
PROM
premature rupture of membranes
227
ROM
rupture of membreanes
228
SAB
spontaneous abortion
