Chapter 4 Flashcards
(22 cards)
Involves noticing your own and the client’s verbal and nonverbal behavior. Anticipating individual and multicultural differences in nonverbal and verbal behavior. Carefully and selectively feeding back some here-and-now observations to the client as topics for exploration.
Observation skills
This is often the first clue to what clients are feeling underneath the language they use
Nonverbal behavior
People who are communicating well often “mirror” each other’s body language. This is known as what?
Movement synchrony
Refers to paired movements that may not be identical but are still harmonious.
Movement complementarity
T/F: Matching body language, breathing rates, and key words of the client can enhance the counselor’s understanding of how the client perceives and experiences the world.
True
T/F: Harmony in movement is common between people who disagree markedly, even between those who may not be aware they have subtle conflicts.
False
The degree to which an individual has adapted to the norms or standard way of behaving in a given culture.
Acculturation
Three dimensions useful for direct verbal observation in the session:
- Key words
- Concreteness versus abstractions
- “I” statements versus “other” statements
In addition to noting clients’ key words, help them explore the ___, ___, and ___ underlying them.
Facts; feelings; and meanings
These are often the constructs by which a client organizes the world; these words may reveal underlying meanings. Using them facilitates your understanding and communication with them.
Key descriptive words
These clients tend to talk in a more reflective fashion, analyzing their thoughts and behaviors. They are often good at self-analysis. They may prefer to analyze, rather than to act.
Abstract/Formal Operational
Self-oriented, abstract theories, such as person-centered or psychodynamic, are often useful with this type of client.
Abstract/Formal Operational
These clients tend to provide specific examples and stories, often with considerable detail. You’ll hear what they see, hear, and feel. Helping some clients to reflect on their situations and issues may be difficult. In general, they will look to the counselor for specific actions that they can follow.
Concrete/Situational
Behavioral theories may be preferred by this type of client.
Concrete/Situational
Strategy for abstract clients
Help them become more concrete by asking, “Could you give me an example?”
Strategy for concrete clients
Conscious effort to listen to their sometimes lengthy stories very carefully and help them become more abstract and pattern oriented
When in a single sentence, a client may express two contradictory ideas.
Discrepancies in Verbal Statements
Discrepancies between what one says and what one does.
Discrepancies Between Statements and Nonverbal Behavior
Types of discrepancies (6)
- Verbal Statements
- Between Statements and Nonverbal Behavior
- Conflict Between People
- Between a Client and a Situation
- Discrepancies in Goals
- Discrepancies Between You and the Client
Act of watching carefully and intentionally with the purpose of understanding behavior and, when appropriate and timely, this leads us to change our behavior
Observation
What can you do when you don’t know what to do?
Attend
“He does this to me all the time. It never stops. It’s what he does to everyone all the time.” This is an example of ____.
abstract/formal operational language
