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ATI Pediatrics-MJ > Chapter 4: Health promotion of Toddlers (1-3 years) > Flashcards

Chapter 4: Health promotion of Toddlers (1-3 years) Flashcards

1
Q

When do anterior fontanels close?

A

By 18 months of age

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2
Q

At 30 months of age, toddlers should weigh __ their birth weights

A

4x

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3
Q

How tall do toddlers grow per year?

A

3 in

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4
Q

Head and chest circumference are usually equal by ___ year

A

1-2

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5
Q

Gross motor skill: Walks without help and creeps up stairs–What age?

A

15 months

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6
Q

Gross motor skill: Assumes standing position, throws ball overhead, jumps up and down with both feet–What age?

A

18 months

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7
Q

Gross motor skill: Walks up and down stairs by placing both feet on each step–What age?

A

2 years

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8
Q

Gross motor skill: Jumps across the floor using both feet and off of a chair or step; stands on one foot momentarily–What age?

A

2.5 years

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9
Q

Fine motor skill: Uses a cup well; builds a tower of 2 blocks?

A

15 months

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10
Q

Fine motor skill: Manages a spoon without rotation; turns pages in a book, 2-3 at a time–What age?

A

18 momths

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11
Q

Fine motor skill: Builds a tower of 6-7 blocks–What age?

A

2 years

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12
Q

Fine motor skill: Draws circles; has good hand-finger coordination–What age?

A

2.5 years

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13
Q

When does Piaget’s sensorimotor stage transition to the preoperational stage?

A

19-24 months

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14
Q

What happens in the preoperational stage (4)?

A
  • Object permanence fully developed
  • Toddlers can demonstrate memories of events that relate to them
  • Domestic mimicry (playing house) is evident
  • Peroperational thought does not allow for toddlers to understand other viewpoints, but it does allow them to symbolize objects and people to imitate previously seen activities
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15
Q

Language increases by ____ by 2 years

A

300 words

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16
Q

What age: use one-word sentences, or holophrases

A

1 year

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17
Q

What age: use multiword sentences combing 2-3 words

A

2 years

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18
Q

What age: Combine several words to create simple sentences using grammatical rules

A

3 years

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19
Q

What is Erikson’s stage for toddlers?

A

Autonomy vs. shame and doubt

20
Q

What are 3 important aspects of the autonomy vs. shame and doubt stage?

A
  • Independence
  • Negativism (negative responses as they begin to express their independence)
  • Ritualism: maintaining routines and reliability is comforting to the toddler
21
Q

Toddlers are ____, meaning they are unable to see things from the perspective of others; they can only view things from their personal points of view

A

Egocentric

22
Q

How does punishment and obedience orientation begin?

A

Sense good behavior is rewarded while bad behavior is punished

23
Q

When do toddlers develop gender identity?

A

3 years

24
Q

When should parents begin toilet training?

A

WHEN THE CHILD IS READY!!!- when the child has the sensation to urinate or defecate–parents should have patience and consistency with this. Nighttime control may develop last

25
Q

What immunizations are given to 12-15 month olds?

A 
IPV (third dose)
Hib
PCV
MMR
Varicella
26
Q

What immunizations are given to 12-23 month olds?

A

Hep A (2 doses 6 months apart)

27
Q

What immunization is given for 15-18 month olds?

A

DTaP

28
Q

What immunizations are given for 12-36 month olds?

A

Seasonal flu

*Live attenuated flu vaccine by nasal spray at 2 YEARs of age

29
Q

How much milk should a toddle consume per day?

A

24-30 oz

30
Q

When can a toddler switch from drinking whole milk to low fat milk?

A

After 2 years of age

31
Q

How much juice should a toddler drink?

A

4-6 oz per day

32
Q

How much fruit should a toddler have per day?

A

1 cup

33
Q

What is the food serving size for a toddler?

A

1 tbsp [of each food] each year of age

34
Q

What are foods that should be avoided due to potential choking hazards?

A 
Nuts
Grapes
Hot dogs
PB
Raw carrots
Tough meats
Popcorn
35
Q

Should toddlers be allowed to drink or eat during play or while lying down?

A

Yes, this is ok

36
Q

How much sleep does a toddler average per day (including one nap)?

A

11-12 hours

37
Q

How should a toddler brush their teeth? Do they need to floss?

A

Caregiver should do it to adequately remove plaque; yes, caregiver needs to floss their teeth too

38
Q

What is supplemented for children living in areas without adequate levels in drinking water, in regards to dental health?

A

Fluoride

39
Q

Is it ok to leave a toddler alone in the bath?

A

NO
*toilet lids should be kept closed, closely supervised if near a pool or body of water, toddlers should be taught to swim!

40
Q

Infants and toddlers remain in rear-facing car seat until the age of ___ or when the ____

A

2 years or when they reach the height recommendation by the manufacturer

41
Q

Toddlers who are over age 2 or are taller than height recommendation, are put into a _____

A

Forward facing car seat

42
Q

A nurse is assessing a 2.5 year old at a well-child visit. Which of the following findings should he nurse report to the provider?
A. Height increased by 7.5 cm (3 in) in the past year
B. Head circumference exceeds chest circumference
C. Anterior and posterior fontanels closed
D. Current weight is 4x birth weight

A

B

43
Q 
A nurse is performing a developmental screening on an 18 month old. Which of the following skills should the toddler be able to perform (select all that apply)?
A. Build a tower with 6 blocks
B. Throw a ball overHAND
C. Walk up and down stairs
D. Draw circles
E. Use a spoon without rotation
A

B, E

44
Q

A nurse is providing teaching about age-appropriate activities to the parent of a 2 year old. Which of the following statements by the parent indicates a need for further teaching?
A. “I send my child’s favorite stuffed animal when she will be napping away from home”
B. Putting large-piece puzzles together is one of my child’s favorite activities”
C. “The soccer team my child will be playing on starts practice next week”
D. “My child likes to ride a straddle truck int he dining room while I’m cooking”

A

C–Toddlers continue to develop gross motor skills, and prefer parallel play, where they play ALONGSIDE of instead of WITH other children. This will make the concept of team soccer challenging for the toddler

45
Q

A nurse is providing anticipatory guidance to the parents of a toddler. Which of the following should the nurse include (select all that apply)?
A. Develop food habits that will prevent dental caries
B. Meeting caloric needs results in an increased appetite
C. Expression of bedtime fears is common
D. Behaviors associated with negativism and ritualism
E. Importance of annual screenings for phenylketonuria

A

A, C, D

ATI Pediatrics-MJ (41 decks)

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