Chapter 5: Business Software Flashcards by Song Yong

______ are computer programs that contribute to productivity.

Applications

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________ is a series of instructions to a computer to execute processes.

Software

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________ enables users to complete a particular application or task, such as word processing.

Application software

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_______ enables application software to run on a computer, and manages the interaction between the CPU, memory, storage etc.

System software

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The process of writing programs is _______.

programming

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______ is the only language that hardware understands.

Machine language

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______ is easier to program than machine language due to using “words” for commands.

Assembly language

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______ use English-like statements to code.

Higher-level programming language

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______ are tools to develop software with little knowledge of programming languages.

Software development kits (SDKs)

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_______ are known as “procedural” languages because the programmer has to detail a logical procedure that solve the problem at hand. One statement = 5-10 assembly language statements

Third-generation languages (3GLs)

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_______ use more English-like statements than 3GLs. They speed up the programming process. One statement = several 3GL statements. An example is SQL.

Fourth-generation languages (4GLs)

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______ is the process of locating and fixing program errors.

Debugging

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_______ create graphical screen objects such as scroll-down menus by selecting icons from a palette.

Visual programming languages

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_______ provides a modular approach to programming.

Object-oriented programming (OOP)

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In OOP, the _____ contains data elements and the methods to manipulate that data.

object

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_______ is code produced by a Web programming language such as JavaScript. It runs the same way on different operating systems.

Applet

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_______ is the program as originally written by the developer.

Source code

_______ is the same program (as source code) in machine language that can be run by the computer.

Object code

_______ translates entire source code to object code but does not execute the code. It scans for syntax errors and generate error messages if any is found.

Compiler

______ scans one statement at a time. If error-free, it will interpret and execute the statement. It goes through the program until an error or end of program is encountered.

Interpreter

Programs designed to perform specific jobs, such as calculating and executing a company’s payroll, are collectively called _______.

application-specific software

______ are programs that serve multiple purposes. Eg. spreadsheet and word processors.

General-purpose application software

______ is software that is ready to be installed from external storage media such as CDs.

Packaged software

_______ is a feature that enables a user to access additional information by clicking on selected text or graphics.

Hypermedia

Hypermedia features are enabled by ______.

webpage authoring tools

Programs that can handle many different types of data are called ______.

multimedia software

______ is an integrated application containing some or all features from several applications.

Mashup

______ applications are programs that enable workers to collaborate in real time over web. Eg. Google Drive

Groupware

________ deals with essential operations between the user and computer such as loading, copying, and deleting files, managing memory resources, and operating peripheral equipment.

System software

The ______ is the most important program on the computer and the most important type of system software. Examples of usage: manages memory, runs application etc.

operating system (OS)

______ is software included in the OS that can be used by application program developers.

Application program interfaces (APIs)

_____ perform OS functions such as hardware diagnostics, file comparison, and file sorting.

Utilities

______ lets the user proceed as if significantly more RAM were available than really exists by using the hard disk as an extension of RAM.

Virtual memory

_______ recognize and run a device as soon as it is physically attached.

Plug-and-play (PnP)

A _____ is the software that enables the OS to control a device.

driver

______ is sold/licensed for profit. The source code is private. Developer retains all rights to the software.

Proprietary software

_______ is free source code developed through voluntary collaboration of programmers. It has fewer bugs as a result of being reviewed by many programmers.

Open source software

______ is the best known open source OS.

Linux

_______ provides limited permission to use the software.

Licensed software

Software licensing has 3 models: 1) ________: anyone can use and sell modified versions of the software. 2) _______: anyone can use and make modified versions, but cannot sell modified versions for profit. 3) _______: code is owned by someone who has the right to sell or license it to use

1) Permissive model 2) General Public License (GPL) 3) Proprietary

The _______ model provides application software developed and maintained by a third-party provider and offered to organizations for a recurring fee.

software as a service (SaaS)

________ is also referred to as application service provider (ASP).

Third-party provider