Chapter 6 Flashcards
(23 cards)
Sensation
Response of a sensory system
Perception
processing of a sensation
Cognition
comprehending meaning
Stage One and Two: Primary Circular Reactions
involve the infants own body
Stage 1 (Birth to 1 month)
stage of what
Stage of Reflex
Reflex—- Perception—- Cognition
Stage 2 (1 to 4 months)
what is acquired
this is
Stage of 1st acquired this is Adaptation
Stages three and four:
“Secondary circular reactions”
interaction btwn __ and ___
what happens in stage 3
what happens in stage 4
example
interaction between the baby AND something else.
” in stage 3…it is an attempt to make exciting “events” last…rattles making noise is that “something else” and they will laugh and wave their arms to show a liking to the “something else”.
In stage 4 that something else is the ability to create, initiate, and anticipate an experience - that “something else”.
For example…a baby who sees mom putting on coat might bring her coat also to her mother to indicate their wanting to go out.
Stages three and four: “Secondary circular reactions”
???
Stage 3 (4-8 months)
-Attempts to make interesting things last
Continue Experience
Stage 4 (8 months to 1 yr)
Means to end goals they want to meet
Initiate and anticipate
Object Permanence Experiment-
That babies don’t understand permanence, they think it’s gone forever. As they get older they
recognize
Tertiary circular reactions meaning
infants no longer respond to _____
or ______
now they have a _____
Third
own body (primary)
others (secondary)
have goal-directed and purposeful activities. They initiate all…
Stage five- 12-18 months
stage of
little ___
what method do they do?
-Stage of “New means through active explorations”
-Little scientists
-Scientific methods/ Trial of Error
Stage Six (18-24 months)
stage of
intellectual experimentation via
they can
deferred
what devlops
-Stage of Mental combinations
-Intellectual experimentation via imagination
-They can pretend
-Deferred imitation
-Languages develops
Piaget and Modern Research
what are the three things
and whats diff from piaget time vs now
Sample Size: Piaget did not do extensive research on a large population of infants
Methodology: More advanced testing methods are now available that Paiget did not have
Brain Activity: Brain scans show development at a faster rate than Piaget had established
Information Processing Theory
Computer -
Attending -
Encoding -
Storing -
Retrival
Computer- Processes Information
Attending (paying attention)
Encoding (process info)
Storing (put it into memory)
Retrieval (recall it)
What do we think? Gibson, James
Affordance (input) - what is it
what is action dependnet on?
memory -
Affordance (input)
-A clue in the environment that indicates direct action, no stimulus involved)
Action is dependent on a few factors:
Past experience, Age, Culture, current development
-Memory (storage and retrieval)
Affordance: What will Baby focus on?
Dynamic perception
anything that
what do infants love
People’s preference-
will always choose __over
Emotional affordance
respond to
anything that moves or changes…infants love motion…they move their bodies…grabbing, scooting, crawling, walking..etc…and anything that moves will get their attention as well
they will always choose a person over an object
they also respond smiles, shouts, sad, happy, etc.
Visual Cliff-
is it an experiment?
what does it give?
what does infant performance depend on?
-Experimental apparatus that gives the illusion of a sudden drop-off between one horizontal
surface and another
-Infant performance depends on past experiences including social context
Memory Development:
Storage:
how we _____ effects ___
How we store memories effects retrieval
Memory Development:
Babies Have memory:
Reminder session, memory space
Memory Development:
Implicit Memory
unconscious or automatic memory, Deja Vu
Memory Development:
Explicit Memory:
Easy to retrieve on demand, test
