chapter 6

Question 1

What is blindsight?

Answer 1

Those who are blind can readily attend to visual objects, but they are unaware of those objects.

Question 2

List the core cognitive processes of consciousness?

Answer 2

awareness and attention

Question 3

What is the purpose of the unconscious according to Freud?

Answer 3

To house thoughts and memories too painful or disturbing for consciousness.

To store knowledge and memories in order to maintain their ability to influence how we think, feel, and relate to others.

Question 4

The level of awareness in which information can become readily available to consciousness is called?

Answer 4

preconsciousness.

Question 5

What is the suprachiasmatic nucleus?

Answer 5

A small group of neurons in the hypothalamus responsible for coordinating the many rhythms of the body.

Question 6

What is the major theory of why people sleep?

Answer 6

reticular theory of sleep

Question 7

According to Hilgard, what process happens during hypnosis?

Answer 7

disassociation

Question 8

What are the positive uses of hypnosis?

Answer 8

to control pain
to stop smoking
to control anxiety

Question 9

What are the physical effects of meditation?

Answer 9

reduced muscle tension
lowered blood pressure
lowered respiration

Question 10

What are the main benefits of altering consciousness through meditation?

Answer 10

improved mental well-being
increased calmness
improved clarity

Question 11

Which drug increases energy and alertness, produces euphoric feelings of well-being and confidence?

Answer 11

cocaine

Question 12

What is the effect of psychoactive drugs on the brain?

Answer 12

Increases the activity of certain neurotransmitters in the brain.

Question 13

consciousness is?

Answer 13

immediate awareness of our internal and external states

Question 14

consciousness results from a combination of brain activities in?

Answer 14

cerebral cortex and thalamus

Question 15

freud viewed the human unconscious as?

Answer 15

storehouse for knowledge and expiernce

Question 16

what is the Adaptive theory of sleep?

Answer 16

Theory that organisms sleep for the purposes of self-preservation, to keep away from predators that are more active at night.

Question 17

Dissociation is?

Answer 17

A splitting of consciousness into two dimensions.

Question 18

what is the Information-processing theory?

Answer 18

A developmental theory focusing on how children learn, remember, organize, and use information from their environment.

Question 19

what is the Reward learning pathway?

Answer 19

Brain circuitry that is important for learning about rewarding stimuli.

Question 20

what are the main classes of psychoactive drugs?

Answer 20

depressants, stimulants, opoids, hallucinogenic drugs

Question 21

an example of an opiod is?

Answer 21

heroin or morphine