Chapter 6: embryonic development of the female genital system

Question 1

Large, sometimes tortuous ureter because of distal blockage

Answer 1

Hydroureter

Question 2

Second stage of kidney development (aka wolffian body)

Answer 2

Mesonephros (wolffian ducts)

Question 3

Connection between the mesonephros and the cloaca

Answer 3

Mesonephric ducts

Question 4

Structure that appears at approximately 5 weeks gestation that becomes either ovaries or testes

Answer 4

Gonadal ridges

Question 5

Blockage or absence of a structure

Answer 5

Atretic

Question 6

Immature oocytes

Answer 6

Oogonia

Question 7

Pertaining to the urinary and genital system

Answer 7

Urogenital

Question 8

Sac-like vascular structure that lies below the chorion and develops from the hindgut

Answer 8

Allantois

Question 9

Accumulation of secreted fluid resulting in distension of the uterus and vagina because of obstruction

Answer 9

Hydrometrocolpos

Question 10

Fold of peritoneum that connects the uterus to the pelvis

Answer 10

Broad ligament

Question 11

Cavity that is part of the development of the digestive and reproductive organs

Answer 11

Cloaca

Question 12

Paired ducts that become the Oviducts, uterus, cervix, and upper vagina

Answer 12

Müllerian ducts (paramesonephric ducts)

Question 13

Section of the uterine broad ligament that covers the ovary

Answer 13

Mesovarium

Question 14

Formation of an embryo

Answer 14

Embryogenesis

Question 15

Primary or first kidney that develops in the embryo

Answer 15

Pronephros

Question 16

Precursor of germ cells, become oocytes or spermatozoa in the adult

Answer 16

Primordial germ cells

Question 17

Urine collection in the kidneys because of distal obstruction

Answer 17

Hydronephrosis

Question 18

Female germ cells

Answer 18

Oocytes

Question 19

Normal number of paired chromosomes

Answer 19

Diploid

Question 20

A method used to classify the embryo, placing the embryo into categories depending on age, size, and morphologic characteristics, is called

Answer 20

Carnegie staging

Question 21

Fetal period genitourinary anomalies include all except:
A. Ureter agenesis
B. Hydrometrocolpos
C. Pre-embryonic fusion
D. Obstructive uropathy

Answer 21

C

Question 22

Cloacal anomalies can result in:

Answer 22

Hydrometrocolpos

Question 23

An ultrasound examination of a patient with hemtocolpos should include imaging of the:

Answer 23

Kidneys

Question 24

The most common mass lesions in neonates are of:

Answer 24

Renal origin

Question 25

Often development abnormalities in the female pelvis become apparent:

Answer 25

At the onset of puberty

Question 26

The pre-embryonic phase, also known as the first Carnegie stage, lasts into the:

Answer 26

Third week

Question 27

If the male gamete (the spermatozoon), which is capable of contributing either an X or Y chromosome, contributes an X chromosome to the ovum, the result is:

Answer 27

A female zygote

Question 28

Precursors to the female ovaries and to the male testes:

Answer 28

Are gonadal ridges

Question 29

Diploid chromosomes are a result of fertilization and result in a count of:

Answer 29

46 chromosomes

Question 30

What cells produce a gender appearance?

Answer 30

Primordial germ cells

Question 31

At birth, there are approximately _____ oogonia in the female newborn.

Answer 31

1 million

Question 32

The vaginal cornices surround the end of the:

Answer 32

Cervix

Question 33

Which would be an inaccurate diagnosis for the finding of a hypoechoic structure in the fetal pelvis? A. Ovarian cyst B. Hemtocolpos C. Hemangioma D. Distended bladder

Answer 33

C

Question 34

Gender (sex) is determined at approximately _____ days.

Answer 34

44 to 49

Question 35

Müllerian ducts fuse to develop the uterus and:

Answer 35

Fallopian tubes

Question 36

The normal male chromosomal configuration is:

Answer 36

46XY

Question 37

What hormone is absent in the female fetus that causes regression of the mesonephric ducts?

Answer 37

Male inducer substance

Question 38

What systems develop in tandem in the embryo and are still closely associated in the adult?

Answer 38

Reproductive and urinary

Question 39

Hydronephrosis and hydroureter can display as a mass in the fetal:

Answer 39

Pelvis

Question 40

In the first few months of early development, the ______ are undifferentiated

Answer 40

Genitalia

Question 41

External development of genitalia is similar in both sexes until approximately the ____ week

Answer 41

9th

Question 42

The promoting factor in the development of female external genitalia is maternal ______.

Answer 42

Estrogen

Question 43

Bartholin and Skene glands, the clitoris, _____ minora and ______, vestibule, vagina, and mons ______ make up the external genitalia

Answer 43

Labor Majors Pubis

Question 44

The _____ becomes the genital tubercle in both genders.

Answer 44

Primordial phallus

Question 45

Gonadal gender can be determined in the ____ embryo at approximately the ____ day of gestation, which correlates with Carnegie stage 18.

Answer 45

Male 44th

Question 46

Carnegie stage 20 correlates to day 49 for gonadal gender in the _____ embryo.

Answer 46

Female

Question 47

The first-stage kidney known as ______ forms during the fifth week, and second-stage kidney known as ______ form in the sixth week.

Answer 47

Pronephros Mesonephros

Question 48

Müllerian ducts fuse to develop the normal ______, also giving rise to the ________.

Answer 48

Uterus Fallopian tubes

Question 49

The _______ and _______ systems develop simultaneously, resulting in coexisting malformations.

Answer 49

Reproductive Urinary

Question 50

Determination of chromosomal gender or sex occurs at the time of ______.

Answer 50

Fertilization

Question 51

Vaginal formation occurs through development of the _____ sinus and the primitive _____.

Answer 51

Urogenital Cloaca

Question 52

The ovary is suspended by the ______, the ______ ligament of the ovary, and the ______ ligament.

Answer 52

Mesovarium Proper Suspensory

Question 53

Most congenital anomalies in fetuses in utero occur in the genitourinary system, with urinary tract abnormalities accounting for about _____ of the total.

Answer 53

50%

Question 54

The female gamete, known as the ovum, contributes to the ____ chromosome.

Answer 54

X

Question 55

Embryogenesis is formation of an _____.

Answer 55

Embryo

Question 56

Between puberty and menopause, approximately ____ to ______ fertile ova are produced

Answer 56

300 400

Question 57

If an abnormal fluid collection is suspected in utero in the midline female pelvis, _____ outflow may be obstructed.

Answer 57

Vaginal

Question 58

A female gonad is a(n) _____.

Answer 58

Ovary

Question 59

Prenatal ultrasound may also detect congenital anomalies in the ovaries, uterus, and vagina, especially when they enlarge and produce a pelvic ____.

Answer 59

Mass

Question 60

Four ligaments of the female pelvis

Answer 60

Broad ligament Inguinal ligament Suspensory ligament Proper ligament

Question 61

Fold of peritoneum that connects uterus to pelvis

Answer 61

Broad ligament

Question 62

Set of two bands that connect the oblique muscles of the abdomen to the pelvis.

Answer 62

Inguinal ligament

Question 63

Band of connective tissue that lies between two layers of broad ligament

Answer 63

Proper ligament of ovary

Question 64

Triangular fold of peritoneum that actually forms the upper lateral corner of the broad ligament

Answer 64

Suspensory ligament