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OBGYN 1 > Chapter 6: embryonic development of the female genital system > Flashcards

Chapter 6: embryonic development of the female genital system Flashcards

1
Q

Large, sometimes tortuous ureter because of distal blockage

A

Hydroureter

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2
Q

Second stage of kidney development (aka wolffian body)

A

Mesonephros (wolffian ducts)

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3
Q

Connection between the mesonephros and the cloaca

A

Mesonephric ducts

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4
Q

Structure that appears at approximately 5 weeks gestation that becomes either ovaries or testes

A

Gonadal ridges

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5
Q

Blockage or absence of a structure

A

Atretic

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6
Q

Immature oocytes

A

Oogonia

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7
Q

Pertaining to the urinary and genital system

A

Urogenital

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8
Q

Sac-like vascular structure that lies below the chorion and develops from the hindgut

A

Allantois

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9
Q

Accumulation of secreted fluid resulting in distension of the uterus and vagina because of obstruction

A

Hydrometrocolpos

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10
Q

Fold of peritoneum that connects the uterus to the pelvis

A

Broad ligament

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11
Q

Cavity that is part of the development of the digestive and reproductive organs

A

Cloaca

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12
Q

Paired ducts that become the Oviducts, uterus, cervix, and upper vagina

A

Müllerian ducts (paramesonephric ducts)

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13
Q

Section of the uterine broad ligament that covers the ovary

A

Mesovarium

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14
Q

Formation of an embryo

A

Embryogenesis

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15
Q

Primary or first kidney that develops in the embryo

A

Pronephros

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16
Q

Precursor of germ cells, become oocytes or spermatozoa in the adult

A

Primordial germ cells

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17
Q

Urine collection in the kidneys because of distal obstruction

A

Hydronephrosis

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18
Q

Female germ cells

A

Oocytes

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19
Q

Normal number of paired chromosomes

A

Diploid

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20
Q

A method used to classify the embryo, placing the embryo into categories depending on age, size, and morphologic characteristics, is called

A

Carnegie staging

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21
Q

Fetal period genitourinary anomalies include all except:
A. Ureter agenesis
B. Hydrometrocolpos
C. Pre-embryonic fusion
D. Obstructive uropathy

A

C

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22
Q

Cloacal anomalies can result in:

A

Hydrometrocolpos

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23
Q

An ultrasound examination of a patient with hemtocolpos should include imaging of the:

A

Kidneys

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24
Q

The most common mass lesions in neonates are of:

A

Renal origin

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25
Q

Often development abnormalities in the female pelvis become apparent:

A

At the onset of puberty

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26
Q

The pre-embryonic phase, also known as the first Carnegie stage, lasts into the:

A

Third week

27
Q

If the male gamete (the spermatozoon), which is capable of contributing either an X or Y chromosome, contributes an X chromosome to the ovum, the result is:

A

A female zygote

28
Q

Precursors to the female ovaries and to the male testes:

A

Are gonadal ridges

29
Q

Diploid chromosomes are a result of fertilization and result in a count of:

A

46 chromosomes

30
Q

What cells produce a gender appearance?

A

Primordial germ cells

31
Q

At birth, there are approximately _____ oogonia in the female newborn.

A

1 million

32
Q

The vaginal cornices surround the end of the:

A

Cervix

33
Q

Which would be an inaccurate diagnosis for the finding of a hypoechoic structure in the fetal pelvis?
A. Ovarian cyst
B. Hemtocolpos
C. Hemangioma
D. Distended bladder

A

C

34
Q

Gender (sex) is determined at approximately _____ days.

A

44 to 49

35
Q

Müllerian ducts fuse to develop the uterus and:

A

Fallopian tubes

36
Q

The normal male chromosomal configuration is:

A

46XY

37
Q

What hormone is absent in the female fetus that causes regression of the mesonephric ducts?

A

Male inducer substance

38
Q

What systems develop in tandem in the embryo and are still closely associated in the adult?

A

Reproductive and urinary

39
Q

Hydronephrosis and hydroureter can display as a mass in the fetal:

A

Pelvis

40
Q

In the first few months of early development, the ______ are undifferentiated

A

Genitalia

41
Q

External development of genitalia is similar in both sexes until approximately the ____ week

A

9th

42
Q

The promoting factor in the development of female external genitalia is maternal ______.

A

Estrogen

43
Q

Bartholin and Skene glands, the clitoris, _____ minora and ______, vestibule, vagina, and mons ______ make up the external genitalia

A

Labor
Majors
Pubis

44
Q

The _____ becomes the genital tubercle in both genders.

A

Primordial phallus

45
Q

Gonadal gender can be determined in the ____ embryo at approximately the ____ day of gestation, which correlates with Carnegie stage 18.

A

Male
44th

46
Q

Carnegie stage 20 correlates to day 49 for gonadal gender in the _____ embryo.

A

Female

47
Q

The first-stage kidney known as ______ forms during the fifth week, and second-stage kidney known as ______ form in the sixth week.

A

Pronephros
Mesonephros

48
Q

Müllerian ducts fuse to develop the normal ______, also giving rise to the ________.

A

Uterus
Fallopian tubes

49
Q

The _______ and _______ systems develop simultaneously, resulting in coexisting malformations.

A

Reproductive
Urinary

50
Q

Determination of chromosomal gender or sex occurs at the time of ______.

A

Fertilization

51
Q

Vaginal formation occurs through development of the _____ sinus and the primitive _____.

A

Urogenital
Cloaca

52
Q

The ovary is suspended by the ______, the ______ ligament of the ovary, and the ______ ligament.

A

Mesovarium
Proper
Suspensory

53
Q

Most congenital anomalies in fetuses in utero occur in the genitourinary system, with urinary tract abnormalities accounting for about _____ of the total.

A

50%

54
Q

The female gamete, known as the ovum, contributes to the ____ chromosome.

A

X

55
Q

Embryogenesis is formation of an _____.

A

Embryo

56
Q

Between puberty and menopause, approximately ____ to ______ fertile ova are produced

A

300
400

57
Q

If an abnormal fluid collection is suspected in utero in the midline female pelvis, _____ outflow may be obstructed.

A

Vaginal

58
Q

A female gonad is a(n) _____.

A

Ovary

59
Q

Prenatal ultrasound may also detect congenital anomalies in the ovaries, uterus, and vagina, especially when they enlarge and produce a pelvic ____.

A

Mass

60
Q

Four ligaments of the female pelvis

A

Broad ligament
Inguinal ligament
Suspensory ligament
Proper ligament

61
Q

Fold of peritoneum that connects uterus to pelvis

A

Broad ligament

62
Q

Set of two bands that connect the oblique muscles of the abdomen to the pelvis.

A

Inguinal ligament

63
Q

Band of connective tissue that lies between two layers of broad ligament

A

Proper ligament of ovary

64
Q

Triangular fold of peritoneum that actually forms the upper lateral corner of the broad ligament

A

Suspensory ligament

OBGYN 1 (18 decks)

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