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OBGYN 1 > Chapter 2: Sonographic Image Optimization > Flashcards

Chapter 2: Sonographic Image Optimization Flashcards

(55 cards)

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1
Q

ability of the ultrasound system to display echoes as separate structures parallel to the transmitted beam

A

axial resolution

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2
Q

series of 2D images providing a method to display movement

A

cine-loop

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3
Q

Doppler data conversion into a nondirectional amplitude color overlay on the grayscale image

A

color power Doppler/ power Doppler

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4
Q

Doppler data conversion into a directional velocity color overlay on the grayscale image

A

color Doppler

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5
Q

Combination of directional color Doppler and nondirectional amplitude color Doppler modes

A

directional color power angio/ directional power Doppler

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6
Q

General term encompassing axial, lateral, spatial, contrast, and temporal resolution

A

image resolution

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7
Q

Ability of the ultrasound system to display echoes as separate structures perpendicular to transmitted beam

A

lateral resolution

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8
Q

one area, corresponding to the X and Y axis, of the 2D image

A

pixel

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9
Q

number of cycles (frequency) of pulses per second

A

PRF

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10
Q

numerical measurement

A

quantative

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11
Q

Description of quality of components without a numerical component

A

qualitative

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12
Q

area of data acquisition for color Doppler information

A

region of interest

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13
Q

ability of the ultrasound system to display echoes as separate structures that lie close together

A

spatial resolution

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14
Q

ability of the ultrasound system to display events occurring at different times

A

temporal resolution

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15
Q

Overall gain adjusts or amplifies the _____ of all the pizels on the system monitor

A

brightness

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16
Q

As sound travels through tissue, there is a waveform amplitude _____ because of attenuation

A

reduction

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17
Q

TGC allows the adjustment of image by changing areas to

A

darker or brighter

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18
Q

A single focal zone carat should be positioned:

A

at or just deep to the imaged structure

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19
Q

The best B-mode image uses:

A

the highest frequency that provides an adequate amount of penetration

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20
Q

A higher dynamic range is best utilized with:

A

the uterus

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21
Q

Narrowing sector width _____ frame rate

A

increases

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22
Q

Low persistence improves resolution of:

A

the fetal heart

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23
Q

The maps feature adjusts _____ of the grays in an image.

24
Q

Which is not an indicator of thermal index?
a. TIB
b. TIC
c. TIS
d. TIA

25
Tissue harmonic imaging offers improved image by decreasing all except: a. side lobes b. reverberation c. speckle d. contrast
d
26
This feature uses multiple, averaged transmit beams at different angles and frequencies to increase image detail.
compound imaging
27
Sweep Speed adjusts the M-mode scrolling speed or:
time
28
Turbulent flow patterns are often associated with:
pathologies
29
The optimal angle to sample with color flow is:
30 to 60 degrees
30
On a color bar indicator, the black are represents:
range of flow velocities displayed above and below the baseline
31
What will aid in detecting slow vascular flow?
Increasing persistence
32
This type of artifact occurs when a structure is a strong reflector, such as fetal bony structures, or when a tissue reflects most or all of the transmitted beam
posterior acoustic shadowing
33
Movement of the transducer or targeted anatomy results in an artifact called:
color flash
34
Evaluation of a cystic structure results in the creation of an area deep into the targeted anatomy appearing:
brighter than the adjacent tissue
35
"Slide pots" is another name for
potentiometer
36
The control ______ is used when the overall appearance of the image is too bright or too dark
overall gain
37
Dynamic range or DR is simply the range of _____ displayed in the B-mode imaging.
grays
38
Adding ____ or _____ to an image has the potential to increase structure visualization over black and white coloring.
tint or colorize
39
Increasing persistence _____ the frame rate.
slows
40
The mechanical index is an indicator of the ________ to tissue with the passing wave.
potential damage
41
The M-mode or motion mode tracings provide a graphic display of structures in relation to ____.
time
42
If color appears outside of the vessel when using color Doppler gain, it indicates a ____ gain level.
high
43
Optimally, the ROI should be no larger than necessary because of the ______ frame rates often associated with a larger color box.
decreased
44
From a frame rate perspective, it is better to have a ____ ROI than a ____ ROI.
long, wide
45
Changing the "smooth" function adjusts the _____ averaging for flow between color frames.
spatial
46
The _____ selection reverses the color display.
invert
47
Power Doppler is an alternate method for assessing ____-flow velocities
low
48
The ____ function reduces the amount of noise and clutter by suppressing the lower-level signals that are the result of tissue and vessel wall motion.
filter
49
The first step in obtaining a quality 3D data set is the optimization of the ____ image.
2D
50
Extra beams, located adjacent to the central beam, called ______ create echoes in an incorrect location.
grating/side lobes
51
____-mode provides a graphic display of motion in the fetal heart
M
52
An image produced with misregistration of sound waves occurs when a structure lies between the transducer and a curved or with an angled strong reflector. It is called _____ or _____.
mirror image ghost image
53
Color power Doppler uses amplitude to create a color _____ of blood flow.
overlay
54
The reduction of Doppler aliasing is through adjustment of the _____ or baseline.
PRF
55
List the types of Doppler modes
continuous wave pulsed wave spectral doppler color doppler color power angio/ color power doppler/ power doppler Directional color power angio/ directional color power doppler

OBGYN 1 (18 decks)

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