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Oral Pathology 2020 > Chapter 6 Fungal and Protozoal diseases > Flashcards

Chapter 6 Fungal and Protozoal diseases Flashcards

1
Q

What is the most common oral fungal infection in humans?

A

-Candidiasis

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2
Q

What bug causes candidiasis?

A

-Candida albicans

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3
Q

What are the two forms of candidiasis?

A
  • Yeast

- Hyphal

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4
Q

Which form of candidiasis is innocuous?

A

-Yeast

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5
Q

What form of candidiasis invades the host tissue?

A

-Hyphal

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6
Q

What are four clinical patterns of candidiasis?

A
  • Pseudomembranous
  • Erythematous
  • Chronic hyperplastic
  • Mucocutaneous
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7
Q

What is the only form of candidiasis that doesn’t rub off?

A

-Chronic hyperplastic

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8
Q

What is the best recognized form of candidiasis?

A

-Pseudomembranous

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9
Q

Can you wipe off candidiasis?

A

Yes

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10
Q

What are some symptoms of candidiasis?

A
  • Mild burning

- Mild unpleasant taste

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11
Q

What might initiate candidiasis?

A
  • Antibiotics
  • Immunocompromised
  • Asthma inhalers
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12
Q

With Erythematous candidiasis is there a major white component?

A

-No

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13
Q

What is the most common form of candidiasis?

A

-Erythematous

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14
Q

What are the clinical presentations of erythematous candidiasis?

A
  • Median rhomboid glossitis
  • Chronic multifocal candidiasis
  • angular chelitis
  • Denture stomatitis
  • Acute atrophic candidiasis
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15
Q

What is median rhomboid glossitis AKA?

A

-Central papillary atrophy

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16
Q

Where do you see median rhomboid glossitis?

A

-Posterior dorsal tongue anterior to circumvallate papilla

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17
Q

What is chronic multifocal candidiasis?

A

-Median rhomboid glossitis + signs of infection at other sites

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18
Q

If a patient and angular chelitis and median rhomboid glossitis what can you diagnose them with?

A

-Chronic multifocal candidiasis

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19
Q

What can be a component of chronic multifocal, but usually occurs alone and is accentuated at the corners of the mouth where saliva can pool?

A

-Angular chelitis

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20
Q

What is the clinical pattern termed for angular cheilitis?

A

-Cheilocandidiasis (due to chronic lip licking)

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21
Q

Where is denture stomatitis seen?

A

-Denture-bearing areas of a maxillary removable denture

22
Q

What type of erythematous candidiasis follows a course of broad spectrum antibiotic treatments?

A

-Acute atrophic candidiasis

23
Q

What is the least common form of candidiasis?

A

-Chronic hyperplastic

24
Q

How do you get mucocutaneous candidiasis?

A
  • Iron-deficiency anemia
  • APECED (autoimmune syndrome)
  • Endocrine candidiasis syndrome
25
Q

What are three drugs used to treat candidiasis?

A
  • Nystatin
  • Amphotericin B
  • Imidazole agents
26
Q

What is the most common systemic fungal infection in the US?

A

-Histoplasmosis

27
Q

What bug causes Histoplasmosis?

A

-Histoplasma capsulatum

28
Q

Where are the endemic areas of the US to get histoplasmosis?

A
  • Ohio

- Mississippi River Valley

29
Q

If a person has a painful ulcer that looks like a chancre what could it be?

A

-Histoplasmosis

30
Q

Why do you find histoplasmosis in Ohio and Mississippi River Valley?

A

-Found with bat poop or bird pop

31
Q

What bug causes blastomycosis?

A

-Blastomyces dermatitidis

32
Q

Where do you find blastomycosis?

A

-Eastern areas of the US and into Canada

33
Q

What differentiates blastomycosis from other cancers?

A

-Histology of psudoepitheliaomatous hyperplasia

34
Q

What does Paracoccidioides brasiliensis cause?

A

-Paracoccidiodomycosis

35
Q

What animal carries paracoccidiodomycosis?

A

-Nine-banded armadillo

36
Q

Candida is the hyphal form that is infectious, most other fungal infections what is the infectious form?

A

-Spore (yeast)

37
Q

Who do you find paracoccidiomycosis more commonly in and why?

A

-Men because female hormones protect them.

38
Q

What does paracoccidiomycosis appear as in a histology slide?

A

-Mariners wheel (spore form)

39
Q

What is Coccidiomycosis AKA?

A

-San Joaquin Valley Fever

40
Q

What causes coccidiomycosis?

A

-Coccidioides immitis

41
Q

What are the endemic areas of coccidiomycosis?

A
  • Southwestern US

- Mexico

42
Q

If you have erythema nodosum that affects the legs and is characterized by multiple painful inflammatory nodules and this reaction is occurring in conjunction with coccidiomycosis what is that termed?

A

-Valley fever

43
Q

What causes cryptococcosis?

A

-Cryptococcus neoformans

44
Q

What is unique to cryptococcosis?

A

-A Mucopolysaccharide capsule that protects it from host defense

45
Q

Where do you get cryptococcosis?

A

-Pigeon poop

46
Q

Where do you get Coccidiomycosis?

A

-Decaying/dead animals

47
Q

Where do you get Zygomycosis?

A

-Decaying organic material

48
Q

What population of people get zygomycosis?

A

-Diabetics

49
Q

What form of mucormycosis or zygomycosis is important to health care provider?

A

-Rhinocerebral form (The one that causes problems)

50
Q

What does zygomycosis appear as clinically?

A

-Black and necrotic

51
Q

What is the second in frequency to candidiasis for a fungal infection?

A

-Aspergillosis

52
Q

If an aspergillosis mass undergoes dystrophic calcification what can be seen via a radiograph?

A

-Antrolith

Oral Pathology 2020 (38 decks)

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